1960—2017年中国北方气候干湿变化及其与ENSO的关系

基于中国北方424个气象站实测数据，应用FAO Penman-Monteith模型计算潜在蒸散（Potential evapotranspiration，ET₀），使用降水和潜在蒸散数据计算得到标准化降水蒸散发指数（SPEI），以此研究了1960—2017年中国北方干湿时空变化特征，分析了ENSO对北方气候干湿变化的影响。结果表明：中国北方干湿变化的线性趋势总体不显著，四季中春季和冬季变湿趋势明显。空间上，西北西部存在明显的变湿趋势，干旱化趋势主要发生在黄土高原、内蒙古东部和东北东部地区。全区各级干旱事件呈减少趋势，各级湿润事件呈增加趋势，其中以中等干旱的减少最为显著。西北西部中等干旱和极端干旱明显减少，东北北部和新疆部分地区极端湿润明显增加。全区四季3类干旱事件均表现为减少的趋势，3类湿润事件均表现为增加的趋势，西北西部四季3类干旱事件均呈减少趋势。ENSO对北方干湿的影响存在一定程度的滞后性。El Ni?o翌年气候湿润，La Nina翌年气候干旱。在年际和春季2个尺度上，SSTA与翌年SPEI存在显著的正相关关系。     

阿拉善地区湖泊岩芯磁性特征记录的全新世环境变化

对居延海G36钻孔进行了系统磁性特征分析,并结合总有机碳含量和粒度等环境代用指标,在精确测年的基础上,探讨了居延海地区全新世时期以来的环境变化。结果显示,居延海岩芯磁性矿物主要存在于粗颗粒的沉积物中,载磁矿物为颗粒较粗的多畴磁铁矿;磁化率变化机制比较复杂,与干湿环境变化没有简单正（反）关系。根据G36沉积物环境代用指标的变化,大致可以将其分为4个干湿交替时期:6 700~4 600 a BP干旱时期,4 600~3 100 a BP湿润时期,3 100~2 500 a BP干旱时期以及1 800 a BP以来湖泊干涸。在这4个时期中,磁学参数记录了两次显著湿润事件和两次显著干旱事件。     

新生滨海湿地土壤微量营养元素空间分异特征

在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区核心区新生湿地内,根据植被分布状况,由黄河岸边至海滩方向布设了两条平行样带,研究土壤微量营养元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn和B分布的空间分异特征.结果表明,黄河三角洲新生滨海湿地表层0～30 cm土壤中B、Mn、Fe、Cu和Zn的平均含量分别为50.94 mg/kg、439.87 mg/kg,22.25 g/kg、27.48mg/kg和46.39 mg/kg.从黄河岸边至近海光滩区,土壤中5种微量营养元素含量总体上呈逐渐增加趋势,在剖面上表现为波动变化规律.不同植被群落土壤中,5种微量营养元素含量之间及其与总有机碳含量、总氮含量、总硫含量和土壤含盐量之间存在显著正相关关系.新生滨海湿地土壤中总有机碳含量、总氮含量和总硫含量是影响土壤微量营养元素含量的关键因素.     

腾格里沙漠南缘植被恢复过程中土壤理化性状的变化

土壤有机碳是土壤质量的关键指标,也是评估陆地生态系统碳库对大气CO2源、汇效应转变的基础。本文分析了腾格里沙漠南缘植被恢复过程中土壤物理性质、有机碳含量及其组分特征。结果表明:在围封后,土壤容重随着植被恢复年限的延长呈指数级减小,孔隙度、黏粒含量和田间持水量则表现出随年限延长而显著增大的趋势;土壤有机碳、微生物量碳、轻组有机碳和重组有机碳含量随着围封抚育年限的延长而显著增加,轻组有机碳占总有机碳的比例随植被恢复年限的延长而增大,而重组碳所占比例则随时间变化显著下降。土壤有机碳与容重呈显著负相关,而与其他参数呈显著正相关,说明其变化受多种因素影响,且对土壤物理性质的变化有重要意义。     

黔东南冰雹集中期和集中度气候特征分析

基于贵州省黔东南地区1961―2008年1―12月16个台站冰雹观测资料,引入了表征冰雹事件时间分配特征新参数——冰雹事件集中度和集中期,对黔东南地区冰雹事件年内非均匀性特征进行分析。结果表明:黔东南地区冰雹事件集中度及集中期的平均和异常空间分布均存在很大区域差异,异常空间分布根据地形可分为4个区;从时间演变上看,各区年内冰雹事件集中度与集中期均表现出显著的年代振荡特征,各区年代际变化特征不一致;黔东南区域年内冰雹事件集中度和集中期表现出反向变化趋势。     

牦牛放牧影响下碧塔海泥炭沼泽土壤养分和N_2O排放通量

以滇西北碧塔海泥炭沼泽土壤为研究对象,通过野外测量和室内分析相结合的方法,研究牦牛(Bos mutus)践踏和牦牛粪影响下的土壤总有机碳含量、全氮含量和N_2O排放通量。结果表明,牦牛践踏显著抑制了土壤N_2O的排放;牦牛粪的输入促进了土壤N_2O的排放,且牦牛粪分解前期是N_2O排放的高峰期。在0~30 cm深度土层内,牦牛放牧使土壤总有机碳含量增加,牦牛践踏和牦牛粪都促进了土壤总有机碳含量的增加,增加比例分别为39.27%和12.19%;随着土壤深度的增加,粪斑样方土壤总有机碳含量显著减小,践踏样方土壤总有机碳含量略有增加。牦牛放牧使土壤全氮含量增加,牦牛践踏和牦牛粪都促进了土壤全氮含量的增加,增加比例分别为50.56%和12.76%;随着土壤深度的增加,践踏样方和粪斑样方土壤全氮含量都在减小。     

粤东北山区不同土地利用类型红壤团聚体及其有机碳分布特征

以天然常绿阔叶林地、柚果园、茶园、人工桉树林地和旱地为研究对象,采用野外调查和室内实验分析相结合的方法,研究了粤东北山区红壤团聚体及其有机碳的分布特征.结果表明:①研究区5种土地利用类型红壤各级风干团聚体占总团聚体的比例均为粒径＞5 mm的最大,阔叶林地各级风干团聚体含量基本上高于其他土地利用类型.湿筛后,阔叶林地和果园土壤团聚体水稳性较好,表土层粒径＞ 0.25 mm的水稳性团聚体含量均在70％以上;而茶园、桉树林和旱地各土层土壤水稳性团聚体明显减少,结构体破坏率高.②不同粒级红壤团聚体有机碳含量在不同土地类型有明显差异,总体上表现为阔叶林地最高,果园次之,早地与桉树林地最低.随土层增加团聚体有机碳含量呈逐渐减小趋势,阔叶林地团聚体有机碳含量垂直变化最大,减幅达46.25％;桉树林地和旱地减幅最小,分别为29.58％和12.54％.③不同粒径团聚体的百分含量与其有机碳含量之间存在线形关系,阔叶林地和果园土壤＞5 mm、5～2 mm团聚体与其有机碳含量之间呈高度或显著正相关.茶园、桉树林地和旱地则较小粒径的团聚体与其有机碳含量之间呈高度或显著正相关.地带性森林植被的营造和保护有利于土壤团聚体的形成以及土壤有机碳的积累与稳定.     

北京森林表土碳组分城郊梯度变化及其影响因素

快速的城市化进程深刻影响了城市森林土壤碳循环,重塑了城郊梯度上森林土壤碳空间分布特征。本文在北京市设置了4条城郊样带,测定了20个城市森林公园表土（表层0～10cm和亚表层10～20 cm）总碳及其不同碳组分含量,分析了各碳组分空间变化及其影响因素。结果表明,城郊样带森林表土总碳（表层21.0±1.6 g/kg;亚表层18.0±1.3 g/kg）以有机碳为主（表层占比64.6%±4.5%;亚表层占比54.9%±4.5%）,有机碳含量从市中心到郊区表现出先下降后增加的非线性变化,无机碳含量在此梯度上呈显著线性下降趋势。城市森林表土有机碳（表层13.8±1.5 g/kg;亚表层10.0±1.2 g/kg）以颗粒态有机碳为主（表层占比71.3%±2.4%;亚表层占比70.5%±2.8%）,颗粒态有机碳和矿物结合态有机碳含量在城郊梯度上均表现出先下降后增加的非线性变化;颗粒态有机碳的占比在城区相对更小,而矿物结合态有机碳占比在城区相对更大。土壤质地、土壤p H和公园年龄是解释表土碳组分在城郊梯度上空间变异的重要因素,城郊气候梯度以及树木多样性对城市森林土壤碳组分空间变化的影响并不明显。上述研究...     

ENSO事件与山西气候的关系

通过搜集和整理1955-2008年大同、河曲、原平、太原、阳泉、介休、离石、长治、临汾、运城等地的气象资料,分析了山西的降水量、气温与ENSO事件的关系,研究了ENSO事件对山西气候的影响。结果表明,1955-2008年ENSO事件呈现出起伏波动的特点,1980年以后波动趋势更为剧烈;大致可分为两个阶段:1955-1980年为第1阶段,ENSO冷事件的频次略高于暖事件,但强度更大;1981-2008年为第2阶段,ENSO暖事件的频次和强度均高于冷事件。ENSO事件对山西降水量的影响表现十分明显,ENSO暖事件当年降水量明显偏低,次年降水量明显增加或达到最高趋势明显。ENSO冷事件年全省降水量均明显增加。ENSO事件对山西气温的影响也十分显著,ENSO暖事件年大多表现为气温偏高或升温,ENSO冷事件年一般表现为气温偏低或降温。     

1960—2017年太湖流域不同等级降水时空特征

基于太湖流域1960—2017年逐日降水数据，运用Mann-Kendall非参数检验法、R/S分析等方法，分析太湖流域不同等级降水的时空变化特征，并探讨了不同等级降水对年降水的影响。结果表明：1）近60年来，流域小雨发生率最高，为73.55%；年总降水量中，中雨量所占比例最大，为32.05%。小雨发生率呈显著减少趋势，暴雨贡献率呈显著增加趋势。2）太湖流域大雨、暴雨的降水量和降水日数都呈显著增加，小雨日数显著减少，小雨强度、年总降水强度显著增强。3）不同等级降水变化趋势的空间分布存在明显差异。小雨日数与年总降水日数，以及小雨强度与年总降水强度的变化趋势空间格局相一致。中雨日数、大雨日数、暴雨日数变化趋势的空间分布与其对应的降水量变化趋势的空间格局相似。4）R/S分析结果显示，小雨、暴雨、年总降水相关指标（小雨量除外）都表现出较强的持续性，未来变化趋势与过去相一致。5）近60年来，太湖流域年总降水量、降水日数、年总降水强度的变化，分别受中雨量、小雨日数、暴雨量的影响较大。在旱年流域年降水量偏少受大雨量减少的影响较大，而涝年年降水量偏多受暴雨增加的影响较大。     

Younger Dryas时期东亚季风气候和中国东部沙区沙漠变化

位于沙漠／黄土过渡带的杨桃峁剖面,高分辨率地记录了ＹｏｕｎｇｅｒＤｒｙａｓ时期东亚季风气候和沙漠变化历史。在ＡＭＳ１４Ｃ测年基础上,磁化率、粒度和有机质含量等替代性气候指标的测试结果分析表明,ＹｏｕｎｇｅｒＤｒｙａｓ时期东亚季风气候在全球气候变化的影响下,总的表现为与北半球高纬度地区相同的干寒特征,即沙漠总的具有扩大的趋势;但又与南北半球大气相互作用,特别是赤道太平洋地区气压异常引起亚洲季风气候的不稳定有关,表现出降水变化特点,沙漠出现逆过程变化,存在短暂成壤固定时期。     

Abrupt deglaciation on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau: evidence from Lake Qinghai

We inferred the climate history for Central Asia over the past 20,000 years, using sediments from core QH07, taken in the southeastern basin of Lake Qinghai, which lies at the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Results from multiple environmental indicators are internally consistent and yield a clear late Pleistocene and Holocene climate record. Carbonate content and total organic carbon (TOC) in Lake Qinghai sediments are interpreted as indicators of the strength of the Asian summer monsoon. Warm and wet intervals, associated with increased monsoon strength, are indicated by increased carbonate and TOC content. During the glacial period (~20,000 to ~14,600 cal year BP), summer monsoon intensity remained low and relatively constant at Lake Qinghai, suggesting cool, dry, and relatively stable climate conditions. The inferred stable, cold, arid environment of the glacial maximum seems to persist through the Younger Dryas time period, and little or no evidence of a warm interval correlative with the Bølling–Allerød is found in the QH07 record. The transition between the late Pleistocene and the Holocene, about 11,500 cal year BP, was abrupt, more so than indicated by speleothems in eastern China. The Holocene (~11,500 cal year BP to present) was a time of enhanced summer monsoon strength and greater variability, indicating relatively wetter but more unstable climatic conditions than those of the late Pleistocene. The warmest, wettest part of the Holocene, marked by increased organic matter and carbonate contents, occurred from ~11,500 to ~9,000 cal year BP, consistent with maximum summer insolation contrast between 30°N and 15°N. A gradual reduction in precipitation (weakened summer monsoon) is inferred from decreased carbonate content through the course of the Holocene. We propose that changes in the contrast of summer insolation between 30°N and 15°N are the primary control on the Asian monsoon system over glacial/interglacial time scales. Secondary influences may include regional and global albedo changes attributable to ice-cover and vegetation shifts and sea level changes (distance from moisture source in Pacific Ocean). The abruptness of the change at the beginning of the Holocene, combined with an increase in variability, suggest a threshold for the arrival of monsoonal rainfall at the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.     

Deglacial to middle Holocene (16,600 to 6000 calendar years BP) climate change in the northeastern United States inferred from multi-proxy stable isotope data, Seneca Lake, New York

Climate change in the northeastern United States has been inferred for the last deglaciation to middle Holocene (∼16,600 to 6000 calendar years ago) using multi-proxy data (total organic matter, total carbonate content, δ¹⁸ O calcite and δ¹³ C calcite) from a 5 m long sediment core from Seneca Lake, New York. Much of the regional postglacial warming occurred during the well-known Bolling and Allerod warm periods (∼14.5 to 13.0 ka), but climate amelioration in the northeastern United States preceded that in Greenland by ∼2000 years. An Oldest Dryas climate event (∼15.1 to 14.7 ka) is recognized in Seneca Lake as is a brief Older Dryas (∼14.1 ka) cold event. This latter cold event correlates with the regional expansion of glacial Lake Iroquois and global meltwater pulse IA. An increase in winter precipitation and a shorter growing season likely characterized the northeastern United States at this time. The Intra-Allerod Cold Period (∼13.2 ka) is also evident supporting an “Amphi-Atlantic Oscillation” at this time. The well-known Younger Dryas cold interval occurred in the northeastern United States between 12.9 and 11.6 ka, consistent with ice core data from Greenland. In the Seneca Lake record, however, the Younger Dryas appears as an asymmetric event characterized by an abrupt, high-amplitude beginning followed by a more gradual recovery. Compared to European records, the Younger Dryas in the northeastern United States was a relatively low-amplitude event. The largest amplitude and longest duration anomaly in the Seneca Lake record occurs after the Younger Dryas, between ∼11.6 and 10.3 ka. This “post-Younger Dryas climate interval” represents the last deglacial climate event prior to the start of the Holocene in the northeastern United States, but has not been recognized in Greenland or Europe. The early to middle Holocene in the northeastern United States was characterized by low-amplitude climate variability. A general warming trend during the Holocene Hypsithermal peaked at ∼9 ka coincident with maximum summer insolation controlled by orbital parameters. Millennial- to century-scale variability is also evident in the Holocene Seneca Lake record, including the well-known 8.2 ka cold event (as well as events at ∼7.1 and 6.6 ka). Hemispherical cooling during the Holocene Neoglacial in the northeastern United States began ∼5.5 ka in response to decreasing summer insolation.     

Late-glacial and early-Holocene Coleoptera assemblages as indicators of local environment and climate at Kråkenes Lake, western Norway

Thirty-six Coleoptera (beetle) taxa and other insects were identified from the late-glacial and early-Holocene sediments at Kråkenes Lake. Compared with other Scandinavian late-glacial sites, this is a rather sparse record. The water beetles found in the Allerod are characteristic of a poorly vegetated clear-water lake. The terrestrial fauna is indicative of dwarf-shrub and moss vegetation. A marked decline in the number of species at the start of the Younger Dryas was rather rapid, probably over less than 80 calendar yrs. No obligate tundra species replaced the Allerod fauna. Most of the Younger Dryas is virtually devoid of beetles. The increase in numbers and diversity of both aquatic and terrestrial species at the Younger Dryas/Holocene transition is very rapid. After an initial pioneer stage, beetles associated with dwarf-shrub heath and willow scrub appeared, but no obligate tree or forest taxa were recorded.Mutual Climatic Range (MCR) temperature reconstructions suggest that the Allerod was colder and more continental than present. The near absence of beetles in the Younger Dryas probably reflects very cold conditions. A rapid temperature rise at the start of the Holocene resulted in a warmer and more continental climate than present.     

Climate variability of southern Chile since the Last Glacial Maximum: a continuous sedimentological record from Lago Puyehue (40°S)

This paper presents a multi-proxy climate record of an 11 m long core collected in Lago Puyehue (southern Chile, 40°S) and extending back to 18,000 cal yr BP. The multi-proxy analyses include sedimentology, mineralogy, grain size, geochemistry, loss-on-ignition, magnetic susceptibility and radiocarbon dating. Results demonstrate that sediment grain size is positively correlated with the biogenic sediment content and can be used as a proxy for lake paleoproductivity. On the other hand, the magnetic susceptibility signal is correlated with the aluminium and titanium concentrations and can be used as a proxy for the terrigenous supply. Temporal variations of sediment composition evidence that, since the Last Glacial Maximum, the Chilean Lake District was characterized by three abrupt climate changes superimposed on a long-term climate evolution. These rapid climate changes are: (1) an abrupt warming at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum at 17,300 cal yr BP; (2) a 13,100–12,300 cal yr BP cold event, ending rapidly and interpreted as the local counterpart of the Younger Dryas cold period, and (3) a 3,400–2,900 cal yr BP climatic instability synchronous with a period of low solar activity. The timing of the 13,100–12,300 cold event is compared with similar records in both hemispheres and demonstrates that this southern hemisphere climate change precedes the northern hemisphere Younger Dryas cold period by 500 to 1,000 years. This is the third in a series of eight papers published in this special issue dedicated to the 17,900 year multi-proxy lacustrine record of Lago Puyehue, Chilean Lake District. The papers in this special issue were collected by M. De Batist, N. Fagel, M.-F. Loutre and E. Chapron.     

海南岛近2500a来盘星藻记录的周期性气候变化

湖泊沉积物中盘星藻含量变化可以反映湖泊水环境特征，对海南岛双池玛珥湖沉积物中盘星藻的研究发现，热带湖泊盘星藻种类以浮游类单角盘星藻为主，其含量在最近2500a以来相当丰富，而且其数量浓度的变化与湖水深度关系密切。频谱分析结果表明，近两千多年来盘星藻含量存在一个主要周期和一个次要周期，分别为421a和218a，前者与湛江湖光岩的结果可以对比，而后者则与206a的宇宙核素周期(^14C和^10Pe)十分接近。     

Biogenic silica from the BDP93 drill site and adjacent areas of the Selenga Delta, Lake Baikal, Siberia

Biogenic silica contents of sediments on the lower Selenga Delta and Buguldeika saddle in Lake Baikal show distinct fluctuations that reflect changes in diatom productivity, and ultimately, climate. The pattern of the upper 50 m of the section, dating from about 334 ka, is similar to that of the marine oxygen-isotope record, increasingly so as the younger sediments become progressively finer grained and less locally derived with time. The last two interglaciations are marked by biogenic silica abundances similar to those of the Holocene. The equivalent of marine oxygen-isotope stage 3 is distinctly intermediate in character between full glacial and full interglacial biogenic silica values. Following near-zero values during the last glacial maximum, biogenic silica began to increase at about 13 ka. The rise in biogenic silica to Holocene values was interrupted by an abrupt decrease during Younger Dryas time, about 11 to 10 14C ka.     

青藏高原东北部共和盆地末次冰消期以来古植被和环境演变(英文)

Paleoenvironmental history in the monsoonal margin in the northeast Tibetan Pla-teau provides important clue to the regional climate. Previous researches have been limited by either poor chronology or low resolution. Here we present a high-resolution pollen record from a 40.92-m-long sediment core (DLH) taken from Dalianhai, a terminal lake situated in the Gonghe Basin, the northeast Tibetan Plateau for reconstructing the vegetation and climate history since the last deglacial on the basis of a chronology controlled by 10 AMS 14C dates on plant remains preserved in the core sediments. The pollen assemblages in DLH core can be partitioned into 6 pollen zones and each zone is mainly characterized by the growth and decline of tree or herb pollen percentage. During the periods of 14.8-12.9 ka and 9.4-3.9 ka, the subalpine arboreal and local herbaceous pollen increased, indicating the subalpine forest developed in the surrounding mountains and a desert steppe or typical steppe developed in Gonghe Basin under a relatively moister climate. During the periods of 15.8-14.8 ka, 12.9-9.4 ka and 3.9-1.4 ka, the forest shrank or disappeared according to different degrees of aridity, and the desert steppe degraded to a more arid steppe desert in the basin, indicating a dry climate. After 1.4 ka, vegetation type around Dalianhai was mainly dominated by steppe suggested by increased Artemisia. Our results suggested the climate history in this region was dry from 15.8-14.8 ka, humid from 14.8-12.9 ka and dry from 12.9-9.4 ka, after which the climate was humid during 9.4-3.9 ka, followed by dry conditions during 3.9-1.4 ka and humid conditions in the last 1.4 ka. The change of pollen percentage and the evolution of palaeovegetation in Dalianhai since the last deglacial were similar to those recorded in Qinghai Lake. The forest expanded in the mountains around Dalianhai during the B?l-ling-Aller?d period, shrank during the Younger Dryas and the early Holocene, then it devel-oped and reached its maximum in the mid-Holocene. During the late Holocene, the vegetation began to shrink till disappearance. However, the timing of forest expansion in the Holocene lagged behind that of Qinghai Lake, and this spatial heterogeneity was probably caused by the different forest species between these two places. The maximum of forest development in the mid-Holocene was inconsistent with the period of stronger summer monsoon in the early Holocene indicated by stalagmite records, the reason might be related to the complexity of vegetation response to a large-scale climatic change.     

青海湖湖东风成剖面化学元素特征及其环境指示意义

通过对青海湖湖东沙地风成沉积剖面化学元素特征的分析,结合光释光测年结果,并和已有研究进行对比,探讨了青海湖区12.5 ka BP以来的气候环境变化过程,将其划分为5个阶段：12.5 ka BP前气候寒冷干燥,青海湖应处于冰川消退的寒冷期,风沙活动强烈;12.5~11.9 ka BP气候向暖湿转变,其中12.2~11.9 ka BP发生一次寒冷事件,对应于新仙女木事件;11.9~8.0 ka BP气候冷暖波动频繁,期间出现了3次寒冷事件;8.0~2.6 ka BP是一个持续时间较长的温暖湿润期;2.6 ka BP至今,气候以干冷为主,与现代气候相近。     

Variations of monsoonal precipitation over the last 16,000 years in the eastern Nanling Mountains,South China

A 350-cm-long sediment core was recovered from Dahu Swamp in the eastern Nanling Mountains in south China for paleoclimatic investigation. Twelve ¹⁴C dates determined on organic-rich bulk samples establish a chronological sequence for this core and yield a bottom age of ~16,000 cal years BP. Multiproxies including dry bulk density, magnetic susceptibility, organic carbon isotope, median grain size, silt-size fraction and total organic matter content were used to study variations of precipitation in relation to the East Asian monsoon. The core sediments are characterized by shifts between the lacustrine sediments and marshy sediments, implying hydrological variations between expansion and shrinkage of the water body in the swamp, and suggesting relatively wetter and drier conditions, respectively. Two relatively wetter episodes lasting from ~15,000 to 14,000 cal years BP and from ~13,500 to 12,800 cal years BP were revealed, possibly corresponding to the Bølling and the Allerød warming events, and three relatively drier phases occurred between ~16,000 and 15,000 cal years BP, between ~14,000 and 13,500 cal years BP and between ~12,800 and 11,500 cal years BP. The three events synchronize with the Oldest Dryas, the Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas cooling events, respectively. A distinctly humid period lasted from ~10,000 to 6,000 cal years BP in the early- and mid- Holocene was interpreted as the Holocene Optimum period. Several short dry events were revealed, including the most pronounced one at ~8,100 cal years BP that coincides with the “8,200 year” cooling event. Multiproxies indicate an evidently dry climate prevailing in the mid-Holocene (from ~6,000 to 3,000 cal years BP), reflecting a weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon. The general trend of Holocene climate shows agreement with the 25°N summer solar insolation, suggesting that the orbitally induced insolation have played a key role in the Holocene climate in south China.