青藏高原东部及邻区富碱侵入岩中的角闪石和辉石

本文研究了青藏高原东部及邻区两种富碱侵入岩中的角门石和辉石的矿物化学特征及成团演化,划分了矿物的种属和组合。钠质富碱侵入岩的暗色造岩矿物组合;辉石类（霓石为主,霓辉石次之）、碱性问石（钠门石为主,亚铁钠闪石次之）和富铁黑云母。钾质富碱侵人岩的暗色选岩矿物组合：Ca辉石组（透辉石为主）、Ca闪石组（浅门石为主,次为浅闪石角门石）和富镁黑云母。     

北山—阿拉善地区二叠—三叠纪富碱侵入岩的岩石学特征

甘肃北山－内蒙古阿拉善地区发育有一套以正长岩、石英正长岩、霓辉正长岩、霓霞正长岩类为代表，包括碱性辉长岩、二长岩、石英二长岩、碱长花岗岩和碱性花岗岩等类岩石在内的富碱侵入体。本文总结了它们的空间分布、形成时代、产状、岩石组合和岩石化学特征；指出它们具有近东西向的分布特征，主体形成于二叠－三叠纪时期，具有富碱、碱性岩类的岩石化学特征，构成一条富碱侵入岩带；认为其时空分布特点与华北地台、塔里木地台北缘及邻区碱性岩带一致，是华北－塔里木北缘及邻区巨型碱性岩带的重要组成部分。     

东秦岭北部富碱侵入岩的主要矿物组成

在秦岭富碱侵入岩主要集中分布在陕西省洛南与河南省卢氏－确山一带，岩石类型有碱性岩、碱性花岗岩和石英长岩三大类。电子探针测定结果表明，岩石中的暗色矿物辉石类主要为霓辉石和霓石，角闪石类主要为钙质浅闪石、阳起石质闪石、镁质角闪石、钠钙质绿闪石、黑云母类主要为铁云母和金云母。浅色矿物化学及碱性长石粉晶X射线衍射研究表明，长石类主要为富K端员的微粒长石和最大微斜长石，少量钠长石，极少Na-Ca系列的斜长石。霞石类主要为钾霞石和钙霞石。     

华南腹地白垩纪A型花岗岩类或碱性侵入岩年代学及其对华南晚中生代构造演化的制约

华南腹地存在多个白垩纪的A型花岗岩类或碱性侵入岩,如安徽花山霓辉石钠闪石花岗岩、福建大沅村霓辉石钠铁闪石花岗岩、广东恶鸡脑霞石方钠石正长岩以及浙江大和山辉石石英正长斑岩、苏村晶洞钾长花岗岩。锆石SHRIMP和矿物的40Ar-39Ar年代学研究表明,这些岩石主要形成于137-86Ma。以本文的年代学研究为基础,并结合前人大量研究成果, 将华南晚中生代的A型花岗岩类或碱性侵入岩大致分成三期:(1)侏罗纪(184-152Ma)A型花岗岩类或碱性侵入岩,主要沿“十-杭裂谷带”南段分布,在赣南也有分布,可能与古太平洋板块低速斜向俯冲或平移所导致的走滑伸展或与不受古太平洋板块运动影响的岩石圈伸展有关;(2)早白垩世(139-123Ma)A型花岗岩类或碱性侵入岩,分布于政和-大埔断裂带以西,可能与古太平洋板块快速斜向俯冲所导致的弧后伸展或岩石圈减薄有关;(3)晚白垩世(101-86Ma)A型花岗岩类或碱性侵入岩,主要沿闽浙沿海地区分布,同时在华南腹地也有零星分布,可能与大陆边缘弧的塌陷(collapse)或俯冲洋壳反转(roll- back)后的岩石圈伸展有关。     

华北陆块南缘富碱侵入岩岩石组合及时空分布

华北陆块南缘出露的富碱侵入岩集中分布于卢氏－确山一。岩石类型主要分为三大类：（１）碱性岩类，即含有似长石或碱性暗色矿物的正长岩类；（２）碱性花岗岩类，包括钠铁闪石花岗岩以及孪生的钾长花岗岩类；（３）石英正长岩类；包括碱性长石来主的石英正长岩，英碱正长岩和花岗正长岩类。     

东秦岭北部富碱侵入岩带岩石地球化学特征及构造意义

在东秦岭北部,富碱侵入岩的侵位与空间分布受同一个区域构造带(华北陆块南缘)控制,构成一个区域性的富碱岩浆岩带。根据岩石学和岩石化学研究,岩石类型主要分为碱性正长岩、碱性花岗岩和石英正长岩三大类。富碱岩浆岩带自北而南可以划分为3个亚带:北部碱性正长岩亚带,中部碱性花岗岩亚带,南部石英正长岩亚带。3个亚带富碱岩浆在化学成分方面虽有差异,但都具有富碱高钾特征,ALK=9～15,ω(K_2O)为5％～15％,ω(K_2O)/ω(Na_2O)=1.26～8.30。岩石中的暗色矿物辉石类主要为霓辉石和霓石,角闪石类主要为钙质浅闪石、阳起石质闪石、镁质角闪石、钠钙质绿闪石,黑云母类主要为铁云母和金云母。岩石中的长石类主要为K-Na系列富K端员的微斜长石和最大微斜长石,少量钠长石,极少Na-Ca系列的斜长石。霞石类主要为钾霞石和钙霞石。根据岩石地球化学研究,有以下显示:(1)REE总量200～1100μg/g,LREE/HREE比值4～15,δEu表现为无Eu异常或轻微正负Eu异常,(La/Yb)_n值多为10～30;(2)部分岩石类型富集大离子亲石元素,不相容元素分布模式曲线总斜率为负,Ba,Nb,Zr具明显负异常,表明他们具有大陆裂谷碱性花岗岩的特征;(3)岩石Nd、Sr和Pb同位素的研究表明,富碱侵入体的源区应是以下地壳为主,带入少量地幔和上地壳物质。     

新疆乌伦古富碱侵入岩成因探讨

对沿乌伦古深断裂分布的钠闪石花岗岩、钾长花岗岩、闪长岩、碱性正长岩等富碱侵入体进行了较系统的岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素地球化学及Ｏ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ同位素组成研究，确认它们为一类幔源重熔分异型富碱侵入岩类。在分析其物质来源、形成构造环境和成岩条件等特征基础上，用部分熔融、多阶段分离结晶和分离结晶－地壳混染等模型探讨了其成岩机理。     

塔里木北缘波孜果尔碱性(花岗)岩铌-钽-锆-铷-稀土矿床钠铁闪石、霓石特征及意义

碱性造岩矿物能够记录碱性岩源区特征、岩浆演化以及晚期成矿的重要信息,是开展碱性岩成岩成矿研究的有效手段。波孜果尔碱性花岗岩型铌-钽-锆-铷-稀土矿床位于塔里木北缘-中亚南天山晚古生代造山带,是塔里木地块北缘铌成矿带中典型的碱性岩型矿床。本文通过对含矿岩体中的霓石和钠铁闪石开展矿物学研究,结合全岩成分揭示波孜果尔稀有-稀土金属矿床含矿岩体的岩石类型、演化特征、构造背景及成矿条件。研究发现,含矿碱性岩体由霓石钠铁闪石碱长花岗岩、霓石钠铁闪石石英碱长正长岩、霓石钠铁闪石碱长正长岩组成。不同岩相岩石均表现出相似的稀土和微量元素配分模式,以富集轻稀土元素和高场强元素,亏损大离子亲石元素和重稀土元素为特征,具有显著的负Eu异常,指示三种岩石类型是同源岩浆演化的产物。含矿岩体中的辉石为霓石-霓辉石,角闪石为钠铁闪石。霓石和钠铁闪石稀土和微量元素配分模式相似且含量都较低,富集重稀土、亏损轻稀土,具有显著的负Eu异常,并富集Zr、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Ba、Sr等大离子亲石元素。霓石和钠铁闪石微量元素特征指示三个岩相单元的演化程度由低到高依次为霓石钠铁闪石碱长花岗岩→霓石钠铁闪石石英碱长正长岩→霓石钠铁闪石碱长正长岩,且结晶分异作用控制了岩体的形成。同时,早期霓石钠铁闪石碱长花岗岩的钠铁闪石呈现Ce正异常,晚期岩相中则无异常,指示演化的早期阶段氧逸度较高,随着磁铁矿等氧化物的结晶熔体趋于还原。波孜果尔含矿岩体成矿元素除Rb外分布并不均匀,表现为演化早期的岩相富集Nb,而演化晚期的岩相更富集稀土和Zr。进一步研究发现,塔里木北缘碱性岩带发育的铌、稀土、钽、锆、铷、铀等稀有稀土金属矿化与地幔柱引起的幔源岩浆底侵有关,其构造背景可能为地幔柱对造山带的叠置。     

新疆东准噶尔北部扎河坝富碱花岗质岩石矿物学特征及物理化学条件

新疆东准噶尔北部扎河坝富碱花岗质岩石分布于乌伦古大断裂与额尔齐斯-玛因鄂博大断裂之间。富碱花岗岩类有石英碱性正长岩、碱性长石花岗岩、石英二长斑岩及碱性长石正长岩等岩石类型。在详细的显微镜观察基础上,全岩分析和电子探针分析结果表明,富碱花岗质岩中的矿物组合是碱性长石 石英 钠铁闪石 霓辉石,以出现高硅、富碱、贫铝、低钙、低镁、高铁、高锰、贫水为特征。铁钛氧化物温度计估算出的富碱花岗岩体结晶温度在650℃~755℃之间,氧逸度为10-17.17Pa~10-14.39Pa,结合钠铁闪石的特征,碱性岩浆演化后期存在着明显的水-岩作用,扎河坝富碱花岗质岩石形成于低压、高氧逸度、中高温环境,反映了相对开放、浅成的形成环境。     

东秦岭北部富碱侵入岩岩石化学与分布特征

在东秦岭北部，富碱侵入岩的侵位与空间分布受同一个区域构造带（华并陆块南缘）控制，构成一个区域性的富碱岩浆岩带。根据岩石学和岩石化学研究，岩石类型主要分为三大类：（1）碱性岩类，即含有似长石或碱性暗色矿物的正长岩类；（2）碱性花岗岩类，包括钠铁闪石花岗岩及孪生的钾长花岗岩类；（3）石英正长岩类，包括碱性长石为主的石英正长岩、英碱正长岩和花岗正长（斑）岩类。根据富碱岩浆岩带的岩石化学特征，自北而南可以划分为三个亚带：北部碱性岩亚带，以SiO2饱和而l2O3不饱和出现碱性暗色矿物为特征；中部碱性花岗岩亚带，以SiO2强饱和而Al2O3不饱和出现碱性暗色矿物和大量石英为特征；南部石英正长岩亚带，以SiO2和Al2O3都饱和但CaO强烈亏损，缺乏Ca质斜长石，出现碱性长石占长石总量的绝对优势（一般＞95％）为特征。三个亚带富碱岩浆在化学成分方面虽有差异，但共同具有富碱高钾钙征，ALK＝10－15，K2O含量范围5％－15％，K2O／Na2O＝1．26－8．30。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of