最短路径方法在土地定级中的应用

探讨了将图论中的最短路径理论应用于城镇土地定级,并灵活应用最短路径算法计算某类定级因子到评价单元的实际距离,然后根据距离衰减公式计算该类因子对该评价单元的作用分值,通过评价单元上各类因子的作用分值叠加,求出该评价单元的土地级别,使得城镇土地定级更加科学合理,城镇土地级别范围也更加精确,更加符合客观实际。     

基于ArcGIS的城镇土地定级方法的研究

基于GIS(geographic information system)技术,提出了一种新的土地影响因子单元级别划分方法——路径距离分析法,该方法综合考虑了地形起伏和河流等"障碍",增加了"桥头堡"效应,提高了影响因子单元定级的合理性,同时免去了传统方法中的修正体系,极大提高了土地定级的效率.并以陕西省延安市某县城区土地定级为例,利用特尔斐法确定影响因子和各因子的权重,利用ArcGIS的路径距离分析法划分影响因子的单元级别,通过多因素综合法叠加得出土地定级图.实验表明,路径距离分析法的土地定级更加合理,可用于城镇基准地价评估.     

基于ArcView的农用地定级区位因素量化方法研究

为正确量化农用地定级中区位因素作用分值,提高定级结果精度,采用定量与定性分析相结合法、实例验证法,基于图论中的最短路径理论?运用ArcView软件,应用最短路径算法计算区位因素到定级单元的水平距离,同时考虑定级区域地形起伏对水平距离的影响,采用高差修正方法对水平距离进行修正。研究结果表明,运用此方法求得的区位因素到定级单元的距离更符合实际距离,从而正确量化了区位因素作用分值,提高了定级结果精度。研究结果可为全面掌握和科学量化农用地质量,促进其合理利用提供科学依据。     

运用ArcView进行农用地定级区位因素量化方法研究

为正确量化农用地定级中区位因素作用分值,提高定级结果精度,采用定量与定性分析相结合法、实例验证法,基于图论中的最短路径理论,运用ArcView软件,应用最短路径算法计算区位因素到定级单元的水平距离,同时考虑定级区域地形起伏对水平距离的影响,采用高差修正方法对水平距离进行修正。研究结果表明,运用此方法求得的区位因素到定级单元的距离更符合实际距离,从而正确量化了区位因素作用分值,提高了定级结果精度。研究结果可为全面掌握和科学量化农用地质量,促进其合理利用提供科学依据。     

基于GIS的土地定级技术研究

城镇土地定级是评价土地质量的必要手段,也是土地管理的一项基本工作。本文以四川某县县城综合用地定级为例,利用GIS技术划分定级单元,采用多因素评定法对定级影响因素进行分析与统计,再依据定级单元的分值对该县的综合用地级别进行了合理的划分。     

GIS在城区土地定级中的应用

城区土地定级研究是进行城区地价评估的基础.运用特尔菲法选取定级因素、因子并确定权重;借助GIS强大的空间数据和属性数据管理、分析功能,计算影响因素、因子的分值和定级单元的分值,并进一步对土地级别进行了划分;通过GIS的制图功能对定级结果以图形化的方式输出.     

基于阈值的城镇土地定级距离衰减模型

提出了一种新的土地定级距离衰减模型--综合衰减模型.该模型以直线距离衰减模型与最短路径衰减模型为基础,在计算衰减距离时引进了阈值的概念.结合德州市土地定级估价系统对模型进行了实现,结果表明,本文模型与其他模型相比更符合客观实际.     

基于GIS的城镇土地定级估价方法研究

根据城镇土地定级估价的工作特点，研究基于ＧＩＳ技术的城镇土地定级估价方法。在较为系统地分析了我国现行城镇土地定级估价方法的基础上，提出了在ＧＩＳ支持下进行城镇土地定级和基准地价评估的基本方法和步骤，并以ＡｒｃＣＡＤ为支撑软件，进行了城镇土地定级估价软件的设计研制。用于自动完成定级估价因素／子分值计算。土地级别确定、基准地价测算及成果输入等，并以浙江城镇为例进行了应用实验。     

城市土地定级中若干问题的探讨

结合实际工作,提出了体现主观和客观信息的综合赋权法,基于Voronoi图的土地定级因素影响半径确定方法,基于最短路径的因素影响距离计算方法和兼顾评价指标功能性和均衡性的城市土地定级评价模型.     

顾及地价空间分布规律的城市基准地价以价定级方法研究

提出了一种城市基准地价以价定级方法。该方法用矢栅混合模型划分评价单元,对地价样点进行趋势面分析筛选,使用最短路径距离代替欧氏距离对地价样点进行空间插值,叠加分析后得到各评估单元的指标地价,用其代替传统的因素综合得分对基准地价评估区域分等定级,同时测算出各级别基准地价。以上海市为例对该方法的实用性进行了验证。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。