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1.
北祁连山加里东优地槽褶皱山系由厚层海相火山岩系和沉积建造组成。其内已经发现数十个火山岩型块状硫化物矿床,可划分为三种类型,即Cu(Fe)型(或红沟型)、Cu-Zn型(或蛇绿岩套型)及Cu-Pb-Zn型(或白艰厂型)。不同类型矿床分别形成于不同地质环境且趋向于在特定时-空范围产出:Cu(Fe)型矿床集中分布在南部达坂山成矿带,成矿与晚奥陶世双峰态细碧角斑岩系有关,矿床形成于弧间或弧后盆地环境;Cu-Zn型矿床分布在北部九个泉—错沟、猪嘴哑吧一银硐沟矿带,与早—中奥陶世蛇绿岩套有关,矿床形成于大洋扩张构造环境;Cu-Pb-Zn型矿床集中分布在祁连、白银成矿区,矿床产出与中寒武世中酸性石英角斑凝灰岩有关,形成于优地槽发展早期阶段裂谷岛弧环境。  相似文献   

2.
西北地区地处亚欧大陆腹地,以元古宙—古生代金属成矿为显著特色。火山喷溢型铁矿、BIF型铁矿、岩浆熔离型铜镍矿、块状硫化物型铜多金属矿、海底喷流型铅锌矿及浅成低温热液型金矿是主要的成矿类型。中亚构造域中南部以晚古生代内生矿床产出为特点,主要表现为石炭纪—早二叠世大火成岩省大规模的成矿作用。塔里木、鄂尔多斯是中国重要的油气储藏盆地,周边有金属矿产产出。特提斯构造域东北部主要是秦—祁—昆造山带西昆仑塔什库尔干、祁漫塔格重要矿集区的发现。根据西北地区重要成矿区带的主要成矿特征、典型矿床及找矿新发现,结合多元信息综合分析,对各个成矿区带进行资源潜力评价、划分找矿远景和勘查选区,并提出了部署建议。  相似文献   

3.
Control of Deep Tectonics on the Superlarge Deposits in China   总被引:18,自引:1,他引:17  
Seventy-three large-superlarge deposits in China were formed in 4 metallogenic epochs, and located in 6 metallogenic domains. By combing their time-space distribution and the relevant data of crustal thickness, we discuss the control conditions of deep tectonics on superlarge deposits. The various spatial variation of the crustal thickness where deposits locate is closely related to their different tectonic setting. The crustal thickness of the region where deposits are in the Precatnbrian metallogenic epoch is 37.1 km and shows double-peak distribution, which is related to the different tectonic-mineralization processes in the Tarim-North China and Yangtze metallogenic domains. The crustal thickness of the region where deposits are in the Paleoproterozoic metallogenic epoch is 43.4 km and shows normal distribution, which is the result of "pure" mineralization setting. The crustal thickness of the region where deposits are in the Late Palaeozoic-Early Mesozoic metallogenic epoch is about 41.2 km and show  相似文献   

4.
福建省金矿床成矿时代特点   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
福建是我国东南沿违法乱纪半区金矿产区之一,既是古特提期成矿域东缘的组成部分,又受中国东部中生代环太平洋成矿带成矿作用的强烈叠加,且与基底变质岩(前寒武系)关系密切。福建金矿床总体具有成矿物质主要来源于基底变质岩,后期岩浆液改造富集,与不同层次的剪切带有关,受区域构造控制等特点。其成矿时代特征则具有“一老一新两期(元古宙和中生代且以中生代为主)成矿”和“成矿物质来源老,矿床定位时代新”等特点,金矿床成矿时代普遍为中生代或与中生代岩浆活动关系密切。此外,福建与华南地区的金矿床在地质特征上具有比较多的一致性,而与华北和西北地区在成矿时代特点上存在一定的差异性。  相似文献   

5.
6.
块状硫化物矿床成矿构造环境研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对VHMS型、SEDEX型和VSHMS型3种块状硫化物矿床近年来成矿构造环境研究进展进行了较全面的回顾.其中,VHMS型块状硫化物矿床重点对弧间裂谷及弧后盆地构造环境下矿床时空演化及分布规律、古代VHMS型块状硫化物矿床全球对比认识及沟-弧-盆体系下现代海底块状硫化物研究热点地区的岩石类型、组合及岩浆演化规律进行了总结;SEDEX型块状硫化物矿床重点对澳大利亚北部元古代SEDEX型块状硫化物矿床集中区近年来成矿动力学背景研究进展进行了介绍.指出该区巨大的SEDEX型矿床成矿构造环境不是以往认为的被动大陆边缘裂谷,而是汇聚板块地球动力学背景之下远离弧后的大陆拉张盆地.尤其值得关注的是不仅元古界SEDEX型矿床如此,而且那些古生代的典型SEDEX型矿床(如沙利文,红狗矿床)同样被认为具有相同的产出构造背景.同时认为此种构造背景形成的SEDEX型矿床具有更大的找矿价值;VSHMS型矿床是近十年来逐渐得到重视的一类块状硫化物矿床,矿化特征及成矿作用与以上两类矿床相似,但其成矿构造环境应当位于上述两类矿床的过渡部位,对构造环境判断具有重要的指示意义.因此,在汇聚板块动力学背景下,上述3种块状硫化物矿床,自板块边缘岛弧一侧向远离板块边缘的大陆内部,构成了一个很好的矿床分带或成矿序列,即从VHMS型→VSHMS型→SEDEX型.   相似文献   

7.
个旧-大厂地区地质构造演化及锡多金属成矿   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
个旧-大厂锡多金属矿床不是简单的燕山晚期地台环境的“花岗岩岩浆期后气液矿床”,矿区地处三大板块的交接部位附近的个旧-大厂锡矿,前泥盆纪区域构造岩浆活动及锡多金属成矿作用强烈,泥盆纪-三叠纪裂谷作用和锡多金属成矿特点突出。泥盆纪受北西向同沉积断裂控制,在南丹-河池一带裂谷作用明显,发生了海底喷流成矿,加上印支-燕山期构造岩浆改造,形成了大厂锡矿。三叠纪受北东向个旧-兴义-晴隆同沉积断裂控制,在个旧、兴义一带发生的裂谷作用,伴随基性火山成矿、喷流热水沉积成矿和燕山晚期花岗岩改造(叠加)成矿,从而形成了个旧锡矿。  相似文献   

8.
Based on the data base of 1285 mineral deposits of 22 commodities in 121 countries of 6 continents of the world, the authors use the linear trend analysis for their reserves to determine the cut-off limited order of reserves to select 36 exceptional superlarge (as peak mineral), 95 superlarge and 314 large deposits as new recognized intellect for their quantitative change. We have projected above 445 large-superlarge deposits on (1:5 M) global tectonic background map and divided 4 metallogenic domains, 21 metallogenic belts. Global metallogeny of large-superlarge deposits are: unity by endogenic, exogenic metamorphic and epigenetic in origin; speciality in different metallogenic domains and belts; preferentiality to ore-forming elements of Cu, Au, Fe, Ag, Cr, Mn, Zn, Pb, Sb, Hg, to continental margins or plate convergent belts, to Intra-continental tectono-magmatic complex belts and Large ductile shear zones; abnormality by the global oxyatmversion (excess oxygen atmospheric event) in Archean, redoxyatmversion (lack oxygen atmospheric event) in Proterozoic-Paleozoic, and tectonosphere thermal erosion (great amount of tectonic magmatic event) in Mesozoic-Cenozoic.  相似文献   

9.
阿尔泰是中亚成矿域重要的内生金属矿产集中区,该矿集区晚古生代发育有 5类内生摘金属要矿床:1)块状硫化物Cu-Pb-Zn矿床,2)斑岩型Cu-Au矿床,3)岩浆 Cu-Ni硫化物矿床,4)矽卡岩型Cu-Mo-Fe矿床,5)造山型金矿床和伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床。在构造上,这些矿床的形成与阿尔泰造山带俯冲—增生作用密切相关。阿尔泰晚古生代矿床的形成可以划分为3个主要阶段:Ⅰ)早-中泥盆世,沿阿尔泰南缘古生代活动大陆边缘弧后伸展,导致在阿尔泰西部琼库尔—塔拉特地质体中形成的多金属火山成因块状硫化物矿床,以及阿尔泰东段铁—铜矽卡岩矿床;Ⅱ)石炭纪—二叠纪的地体增生和弧岩浆作用,在布尔津—二台和额尔齐斯地体中形成了广泛分布的斑岩型矿床、岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床,在额尔齐斯地体中形成的铜铁矽卡岩矿床;Ⅲ)早二叠世的持续增生导致阿尔泰南部的杜拉特岛弧形成,并伴随有矽卡岩铜钼矿床和造山型金矿的形成;晚二叠世阿尔泰地区进入造山带演化阶段,并发生区域动力热流变质作用和片麻岩穹隆,伴随有花岗岩化和重熔岩浆活动和大量伟晶岩矿床的形成。晚古生代阿尔泰南缘的俯冲—增生构造演化过程,导致了不同类型内生金属矿床的形成,构成了我国重要的内生金属矿集区和矿山后备基地。  相似文献   

10.
Tectono-Metallogenic System in the Altay Orogenic Belt, China   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
The Altay erogenic belt of China is an important metallogenic belt of base metals, rare metals and gold. The main orogenic-metallogenic epoch is the Hercynian (Late Palaeozoic). Hercynian orogeny underwent two tectonic stages: the early volcano-passive continental margin extension (D1-D2) and late subduction-collision (D3-P). There correspondingly developed two different metallogenic systems. One is the stratabound massive sulphide and iron metallogenic system related to volcano-passive continental margin, and the other is the epigenetic gold and granite-associated rare metals system formed by collision. Very few mineralizations were formed during the subduc-tion time.  相似文献   

11.
中国一些主要金属矿床类型及其时空分布规律问题   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3  
宋叔和 《矿床地质》1991,10(1):10-18
中国已发现了许多规模较大的金属矿床,其中以铁-铜-镍、锌-铅、锰-铝和钨-锡-钼十种四组矿床最具特色。它们分别产于前寒武纪古陆和显生宙的地槽褶皱系中。比较发育的成矿期是太古一早元古代、中元古代、晚古生代和中生代。根据许多矿床分别产于以海相喷出沉积为主和喷出、侵入均极发育的不同地质构造环境中,说明一些金属矿床的形成是严格地受地质构造环境控制的。在地质构造演化历史过程中,类似的地质构造环境虽然可以形成近似的矿床,但这仅是少数矿床类型,总的说成矿作用是由简而繁,显生宙比隐生宙出现更多的新矿床类型。因此中国一些金属矿床的时空分布是明显地具有一定的规律性的。  相似文献   

12.
Gold occurs in a number of different ore types in the Fennoscandian Shield ranging in age from Late Archean to Late Proterozoic. Until recently, the metal was exploited primarily as a byproduct in volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits but during the 1980s more gold mines have been opened than during any other episode in the mining history of northern Europe. The occurrence of gold in the Fennoscandian Shield is reviewed in the context of the major tectonostratigraphic units:
1.  In the Karelian Province, gold is hosted by greenstone belts of the Archean basement complex e.g. at Ilomantsi, eastern Finland. Greenstone belts of the Nordkalott Province, which are interpreted as part of an Early Proterozoic cover sequence, contain gold deposits associated with copper (Bidjovagge, Saattopora and Pahtohavare). Gold is also associated with cobalt in the metasomatically altered Early Proterozoic cover in north-eastern Finland (Meurastuksenaho and Juomasuo).
2.  In the Svecofennian Domain, the major gold deposits were generated during the emplacement of 1.92–1.87 Ga old accretional magmatism. These deposits occur in the northeastern part of the Svecofennian Domain, close to the Archean-Proterozoic boundary. They comprise two major types: (a) the porphyry-type and shear-zone gold hosted by tonalite at Tallberg, Laivakangas, Kopsa and Osikonmäki; (b) as a component of volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits (e.g. Holmtjärn, Boliden and Pyhäsalmi). Other types are: (c) gold-bearing quartz-alumina alteration zones formed during the 1.92–1.87 Ga magmatic period (Enåsen); (d) gold in massive sulphide and iron ore deposits in Bergslagen.
3.  Gold associated with 1.84–1.54 Ga granites has been reported from several sites in the Shield, including quartz veins and contact-metasomatic deposits. In addition, shear-zone-related gold deposits post-dating these granites have been identified in southeastern Sweden (Ädelfors).
4.  In the Sveconorwegian Domain, the gold deposits at Bleka, Eidsvoll, Glava and Hamas are associated with shear zones which developed penecontemporaneously with the intrusion of late (1.0–0.9 Ga) granites.
These metallogenic features, deposit modelling and economic properties of the known occurrences suggest that the potential for new gold discoveries is highest in Late Archean to Early Proterozoic greenstone belts and in Early Svecofennian tonalite plutons. The gold potential of the Sveconorwegian Domain is also worth further consideration.  相似文献   

13.
华北克拉通北缘与盆地流体有关的若干矿床实例   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
与华南一样,在华北克拉通北缘及其增生带也有与盆地流体有关的矿床产出。矿床的生成总是与张裂型沉积盆地有关。根据基底大地构造性质和盆地动力学演化特征,可划分出两个与盆地流体有关的、特征各异的金属成矿省:1)华北克拉通北部元古代金.多金属成矿省,在克拉通内部,边缘元古代裂谷增生期生成沉积喷流型硫多金属矿床和沉积岩容矿的微细浸染型金矿床;2)大兴安岭中南段古生代锡.多金属成矿省,在克拉通北缘早/晚古生代增生带的张裂型沉积盆地内分别生成各具特征的铅锌/锡-多金属矿床。  相似文献   

14.
川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床分布、特征及成因   总被引:46,自引:9,他引:37  
位于扬子地台西南缘的川滇黔铅锌多金属成矿区是中国重要的铅、锌、银、锗生产基地,目前在该成矿区已经发现大、中、小型铅锌矿床和矿点400多处。经过对比研究,这些矿床的赋矿围岩为震旦系一二叠系碳酸盐岩,矿体明显受控于断裂构造,并伴随有强烈的白云岩化和方解石化,以低温、低盐度为特征,成矿时代可能为中生代,成矿物质主要来自地层本身。它们为受热对流循环流体经过成矿物质萃取、搬运和卸载而成矿,是大陆边缘造山带东侧伸展带中的产物,属于比较典型的密西西比河谷型铅锌矿床。  相似文献   

15.
墨西哥西马德雷山脉是白垩纪—新生代岩浆活动和构造运动形成的。中新生代岩浆活动可以分为5个主要阶段:侏罗纪—早白垩世、晚白垩世—古新世、始新世—渐新世、中新世早期和中新世中期—现代。这些岩浆活动和构造运动与法拉隆(Farallon)板块向北美大陆俯冲和加利福尼亚湾打开相关。墨西哥中新生代的成矿作用与东太平洋板块边缘连续的俯冲过程密切相关,矿床类型多样,包括VMS(与火山相关的块状硫化物)型、斑岩型、IOCG(铁氧化物铜金)型、矽卡岩型等。  相似文献   

16.
于洋  陈智斌  周文孝  薄海军 《地质通报》2017,36(10):1814-1822
铜山组作为内蒙古北疆兴安地层区早古生代的沉积记录,其沉积环境、成岩时代及构造环境的研究是认识兴蒙造山系早期构造演化的理想窗口。对出露于内蒙古东乌旗瓦窑地区的奥陶纪铜山组进行沉积序列、沉积相及沉积物特征研究,结果显示铜山组为一套陆源碎屑浊积岩。首次获得铜山组中夹层凝灰岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为458.5±2.6Ma,显示其沉积时代为中奥陶世—晚奥陶世早期。碎屑岩地球化学分析揭示,铜山组物源区主要具活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧特征。结合区域地质资料,推测其为活动大陆边缘环境下浊积扇沉积的产物。  相似文献   

17.
中祁连北缘奥陶纪岩浆弧地层   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
奥陶纪是祁连山加里东期构造带俯冲-碰撞格局奠定时期。通过区域填图和沉积环境分析及岩石地球化学研究,系统分析了沉积及岩浆作用过程, 认为在肃北县野牛台地区的晚奥陶世地层是中祁连地块西段北缘岩浆弧的组成部分。该地层为一套浅变质的基性-中性火山岩、碎屑岩及少量含化石灰岩组合,由下部海相安静深水还原环境向上部近岸水下河道-滨岸过渡,上部夹有冲积扇-河流相沉积,物源区为近源的岩浆弧和古老结晶基底,反映出自下向上水体变浅、盆地收缩的进积序列。其中的火山岩自下向上由基性向中性转变、由岛弧拉斑-钠质碱性玄武岩向钾质碱性玄武岩过渡,反映出与挤压构造环境相关的成熟岩浆弧火山岩组合特点。晚奥陶世岩浆弧地层、侵入岩与其北的同期构造蛇绿混杂岩带的相伴产出,暗示北祁连西段该时期洋壳在北部向北俯冲的同时,南部还向南俯冲并形成汇聚大陆边缘。  相似文献   

18.
The Gejiu (个旧) deposit is a superlarge tin-copper polymetallic ore-forming concentration area characterized by excellent metallogenic geological settings and advantageous ore-controlling factors. The deposit displays diverse mineralization properties due to different minerals and mineral deposit types. Based on the principal metallogenic factors, metallogenic mechanisms, mineralized components, and occurrence of mineral deposits or ore bodies, the Gejiu mineral district can be divided into 2 combinations of metallogenic series, 4 metallogenic series, 8 subseries, and 27 mineral deposit types. Spatial zonality is evident. The distribution regularity of the elements in both plane and section is Be-W, Sn (Cu, Mo, Bi, Be)-Sn, Pb, Ag-Pb, Zn around a granitic intrusion. The metallogenic epoch is mainly concentrated in the late Yanshanian. During this period, large-scale metallogenic processes related to movement caused by tectonics and magmatism occurred, and a series of magmatic hydrothermal deposits formed. The ore-forming processes can be divided into 4 stages: the silicate stage, the oxide stage, the sulphide stage, and the carbonate stage. Based on the orderliness and diversity (in terms of time, space, and genesis) of the mineralization, the authors have developed a comprehensive spectrum of ore deposits in the Gejiu area. This newly proposed diversity of mineralization and the spectrum developed in this work are useful not only for interpreting the genesis of the Gejiu deposit but also for improving mineral exploration in the area, and in particular, for finding large deposits.  相似文献   

19.
南秦岭山阳-柞水矿集区构造-岩浆-成矿作用   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7  
山阳-柞水矿集区是南秦岭成矿带主要矿集区之一。从新元古代到晚侏罗世-早白垩世,山阳-柞水地区经历了洋壳俯冲和陆陆碰撞的构造演化,在演化的不同阶段形成了不同矿化类型、矿化组合的Cu、PbZn、Ag、Fe、Mo、Au矿床。新元古代时期,由于洋壳的俯冲作用,山阳-柞水地区形成了与基性岩有关的钛磁铁矿;泥盆纪-二叠纪时期,古秦岭洋消减形成山阳-柞水弧前盆地的同时,也形成一系列沉积型Fe、Ag、PbZn矿床;三叠纪时期,华北、扬子板块全面碰撞并形成了与碰撞作用密切相关的晚三叠世斑岩型Mo矿和造山型Au矿;晚侏罗世-早白垩世时期,则形成了碰撞后伸展环境下的矽卡岩-斑岩型CuMo-Au矿床。山阳-柞水矿集区内的各种时代和类型的矿床是秦岭造山带不同阶段的构造-岩浆活动的产物,对真实、客观的理解秦岭地区的构造演化具有重要意义。  相似文献   

20.
大型-超大型矿床找矿新认知   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
笔者等根据全球6大洲、121个国家(地区)、22个矿种、1285个矿床的储量数据,进行了储量量变线性回归方程趋势分析.根据回归方程不同系数切割的量变界线,划分出了36个特(超)大型矿床(顶峰矿)、95个超大型矿床和314个大型矿床.据此,笔者等创新地提出了按不同储量量级划分大型-超大型矿床的新认知,继而将3类不同量级的445个大型-超大型矿床投影在1∶2500万全球构造背景图上,并划分出4大成矿域、21个巨型成矿带(区).其全球成矿规律是:内生、外生、变质和后成矿床的全球成矿统一性;不同成矿区带成矿的专属性;`Cu、Au、Fe、Ag、Cr、Mn、Zn、Pb、Sb、Hg不同成矿金属,大陆边缘和板块汇聚带以及陆内构造-岩浆杂岩带和大型剪切带的成矿偏在性;特(超)大型矿床太古代-古元古代全球氧大气变态(过氧事件)、元古代-古生代全球还原大气变态(缺氧事件)和中-新生代构造圈热侵蚀(巨量构造-岩浆事件)的成矿异常性.  相似文献   

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