请善待北极熊

正据俄罗斯卫星网报道,近日,在俄罗斯的一个小岛上,一头母北极熊带着幼熊到一处工地寻找食物。厨师为了戏弄母熊,竟把一枚炸弹丢给母熊。母熊以为炸弹是食物,一口咬住,结果炸弹爆炸,母熊当场被炸死,旁观者居然还拍手叫好。如此残酷行径令人发指。因为地球变暖,北极冰山的融化,导致北极熊赖以生存的冰原逐渐萎缩,它们正面临着有史以来最大的生存危机。国际上不断有科研小组或保护组织发出警告称,再不采取保护措施,北极熊可能在短短的50年内     

为今世后代善待海洋

近期,联合国粮农组织发布了题为<气候变化、水和粮食安全>的报告.这份报告指出,气候仍旧"默默地"在我们所生存的这个星球上发生着变化,而且从它的变化趋势来看,将在未来几十年中,对全球的农业用水造成严重影响.无论是农村人口的生产生活,还是城市人口的粮食安全,无一例外都将受到严重威胁.在这当中,那些本已处于弱势的农村贫困人口...     

我们为什么要善待海洋?

全球海洋总面积达36105.9万平方千米,地球表面约有71%的部分被蔚蓝色的海水所覆盖。海洋作为全球气候系统中的一个重要环节,通过与大气的能量物质交换和水循环等,在调节和稳定气候上发挥着决定性作用,更为人类提供了极其丰富的各类资源。     

异变

“有些动物我们永远没有机会再见到了,而另一些动物正在死亡的边缘挣扎。”新近一期《读者》刊列出另一份“新德勒名单”:巴厘虎灭绝了,爪哇虎灭绝了,袋狼灭绝了,犀牛灭绝了,野牛灭绝了,野马灭绝了……     

辽宁省海洋渔业综合管理数据服务平台建设概述

本文介绍了辽宁省海洋与渔业信息化现状,分析了现有系统存在的不足,并在此基础上建设了辽宁省海洋渔业综合管理数据服务平台,对现有信息化系统进行了梳理,实现了全省教据资源的统一管理与共享;开发了若干面向业务应用的子系统,实现了对海洋渔业管理的全方位支持;建设了数据交换共享标准与服务接口,为日后的信息化建设提供了有力的技术支撑手段。     

深海地热探针控制系统设计与实现

介绍了一种原位测量深海地热探针的控制系统设计方法。描述了探针控制系统总体设计思路,采用分散与集中相结合的控制策略,合理安排了控制任务,优化了控制系统设计;介绍了测温部件的优化设计方法,给出了系统控制电路与软件的设计方法和系统控制流程;介绍了操作软件的设计要点,对软件设计过程中的关键点给出较详细说明;最后进行了系统整体测试,验证了系统设计的可行性和稳定性。     

组件嵌入式网络地理信息系统的设计与实现

研究了基于组件嵌入式网络GIS解决方案，首先介绍了网络GIS实现的主流Java方法，分析了它们的优缺点，重点论述了嵌入式组件技术和基于组件嵌入式网络GIS的实现原理，介绍了它的设计和实现方法，最后给出了实验结果并和Java实现方式作了比较。     

西沙中新世生物礁研究新成果简介

本文回顾了近年来关于西沙群岛晚第三纪生物礁研究的新成果：发现了９属４３种造礁钙藻，建立了它们的演变系列，描述了它们的造礁作用：探讨了礁白云岩成团。发现了一批微体古生物新种，提出了中新世地质界线的划分方案。     

楚科奇海与白令海海洋地质研究进展

1999年7月－1999年9月我国进行了首次北极科学考察，实现了北极地区海洋地质研究零的突破，这次考虑取得了大量的沉积物样品，同时还获得了第一手现场资料。简要介绍了沉积物特性，分布特征，分析了沉积物的物质来源，沉积环境，同时介绍了部分室内研究成果。     

κ-型卡拉胶盐析的工艺改进

研究了一种新工艺及设备，进行了生产试验，考察了盐析效果，确定了工艺参数.     

关于南通生态海洋建设的思考

文章分析南通市海洋生态环境现状并提出南通生态海洋建设的目标和任务,从加强涉海宣传教育、加强海洋综合管理和完善海洋环境保护体系等几方面论述南通生态海洋建设的具体举措.     

Time concepts in hydrodynamic systems with an application to Be in the Gironde estuary

The main definitions involving time concepts in dynamic systems are reviewed and extended. It is shown that a better understanding of aquatic systems can be achieved taking into consideration their mean age (either shorter or longer than the residence time). This time concept is especially useful when the well-mixed hypothesis is not applicable. Two box models are used as examples to demonstrate the relations between residence time and mean age. Then, these time concepts are extended to non-steady state.In the second part, the relationships between them and the behaviour of chemical components in dynamic systems is studied; the importance of radionuclides whose decay is perfectly known is demonstrated.Finally, as application to the Gironde estuary (France) is attempted using a cosmic ray-produced radionuclide, ⁷Be, whose half-life is especially relevant to macrotidal estuarine dynamics. Particulate concentrations range from 0.2 to 11.2 pCi g⁻¹, while dissolved concentrations are in the range 10 to 50 fCi l⁻¹. The ⁷Be mass balance is not equilibrated given the residence time computed from sediment discharge and the total mass of sediment in the turbidity maximum. This can be explained by an underestimation of the total mass of sediment involved in resuspension phenomena, or by a difference between the residence time and the mean age of sediment in the turbidity maximum which invalidates the usually implicit well-mixed hypothesis.     

Why Web GIS May Not Be Enough: A Case Study with the Virtual Research Vessel

During several decades of investigation, the East Pacific Rise seafloor-spreading center at 9°-10°N has been explored by marine geologists, geophysicists, chemists, and biologists, and has emerged as one of the best studied sections of the global midocean ridge. It is an example of a region for which there is now a great wealth of observational data, results, and data-driven theoretical studies. However, these have yet to be fully utilized, either by research scientists or educators. While the situation is improving, a large amount of data, results, and related theoretical models still exist either in an inert, noninteractive form (e.g., journal publications) or as unlinked and currently incompatible computer data or algorithms. Presented here is the prototype of a computational environment and toolset, called the Virtual Research Vessel, to improve the situation by providing marine scientists and educators with simultaneous access to data, maps, and numerical models. While infrastructure is desired and needed for ready access to data and the resulting maps via web GIS in order to link disparate data sets (data to data), it is argued that data must also be linked to models for better exploration of new relations between observables, refinement of numerical simulations, and the quantitative evaluation of scientific hypotheses. For widespread data access, web GIS is therefore only a preliminary step rather than a final solution, and the ongoing implementation of the Virtual Research Vessel (scheduled for final completion in 2004-2005) is a case study for the midocean ridge community to test the effectiveness of moving beyond the data-to-data mode towards data-to-models and data-to-interpretation.     

Why Web GIS May Not Be Enough: A Case Study with the Virtual Research Vessel

During several decades of investigation, the East Pacific Rise seafloor-spreading center at 9°-10°N has been explored by marine geologists, geophysicists, chemists, and biologists, and has emerged as one of the best studied sections of the global midocean ridge. It is an example of a region for which there is now a great wealth of observational data, results, and data-driven theoretical studies. However, these have yet to be fully utilized, either by research scientists or educators. While the situation is improving, a large amount of data, results, and related theoretical models still exist either in an inert, noninteractive form (e.g., journal publications) or as unlinked and currently incompatible computer data or algorithms. Presented here is the prototype of a computational environment and toolset, called the Virtual Research Vessel, to improve the situation by providing marine scientists and educators with simultaneous access to data, maps, and numerical models. While infrastructure is desired and needed for ready access to data and the resulting maps via web GIS in order to link disparate data sets (data to data), it is argued that data must also be linked to models for better exploration of new relations between observables, refinement of numerical simulations, and the quantitative evaluation of scientific hypotheses. For widespread data access, web GIS is therefore only a preliminary step rather than a final solution, and the ongoing implementation of the Virtual Research Vessel (scheduled for final completion in 2004-2005) is a case study for the midocean ridge community to test the effectiveness of moving beyond the data-to-data mode towards data-to-models and data-to-interpretation.     

水铝英石超微细管中可保存天然气

日本学者建议利用人造水铝英石——火山成因的超微细管状含水铝硅酸盐矿物的类似物来储藏天然气。     

Solubility behavior of atmospheric Be in the marine environment

The solubility of natural ⁷Be from air particulate matter in seawater was determined as a function of time. Adsorption of the thus solubilized ⁷Be on a variety of substrates was investigated. ⁷Be appears to be strongly adsorbed on suspended matter and inorganic materials at high suspended loads (> 20 mg 1⁻¹), but at natural levels (1 mg 1⁻¹) is only partially adsorbed. Further, at natural concentrations of suspended matter, adsorption of ⁷Be appears to be directly proportional to suspended load. Because a non-steady-state flux of ⁷Be to the bottom could be expected over its 53-day half-life, ⁷Be may be a poor tracer of sedimentation rates and sediment redistribution processes.     

宇宙成因核素10^Be、26^Al：原理及其地学应用

摘要：随着加速器质谱的出现，宇宙成因核素展示了其在地球科学应用中的生命力。介绍了宇宙成因核素10^Be、26^Al的生成、示踪原理及近年来在地学中的应用。宇宙成因核素是宇宙射线粒子（包括原生和次生粒子）与大气及岩石发生核反应所生成的新核素，其生成量可用已知物理过程定量描述。大气生成宇宙成因核素在考古、古环境及地球各圈层的相互作用方面得到了广泛的应用，原地生成宇宙成因核素则在地貌学研究中扮演着重要的角色，成为一门新的实验技术。定量地描述地表的暴露历史和侵蚀速率，在解决许多地质问题中成为最重要的手段。     

加速器质谱法测定深海锰结核样品中的^10Be

本文研究深海锰结核中＾１０Ｂｅ的加速器质谱法分析。提出了ＮａＯＨ和ＥＤＴＡ分离纯化－ＢｅＯ制样－加速器质谱法测量＾１０ＢｅＯ制样－加速器质谱法测量＾１０Ｂｅ的分析程序。研究结果表明,该法回收率较高,分离效果较好,按该法制备的ｅＯ靶能较好地满足加速器质谱法对测量＾１０Ｂｅ的要求。利用该法测得北太平洋两个锰结核的生长速率分别为２．７ｍｍ／Ｍａ和１．５ｍｍ／Ｍａ。这些结果与其他研究者所测数据相比,非常一     

10Be--加速器质谱法测定深海多金属结核的生长速率

采用加速器质谱法测定了东太平洋海盆ＣＣ区３个多金属结核和中太平洋海盆北部１个多金属结核中(１０)Ｂｅ的质量活度（比活度,下同）随径向深度的分布。论述了(１０)Ｂｅ－加速器质谱法测定生长速率的步骤。使用该法测得这４个多金属结核的生长速率分别为７．５,２．７,９．６和１．５ｍｍ·Ｍａ(－１),这些数据接近其他作者利用(１０)Ｂｅ法测定的世界各大洋多金属结核的生长速率。还研究了(１０)Ｂｅ法测定的生长速率与多金属结核ｍ(Ｍｎ)／ｍ(Ｆｅ)比值的关系。