西南极中—新生代古地磁与板块重建研究进展

根据西南极已发表的中—新生代古地磁数据,对西南极不同地块进行了古大陆重建。识别出古太平洋板块对西南极构造演化影响广泛的两次构造事件:一是120~100 Ma古太平洋板块内翁通爪哇-马尼希基-希库朗基大火成岩省的喷发与全球板块洋壳扩张速率高峰期引起的西南极瑟斯顿岛-埃茨海岸与东玛丽·伯德地快速南向移动;二是古太平洋-凤凰板块洋中脊在~100 Ma俯冲至西南极之下导致的以罗斯海区域为主的岩石圈伸展、瑟斯顿岛-埃茨海岸与玛丽·伯德地远离东南极以及南极半岛发生南向运动与顺时针旋转。证明太平洋板块俯冲与西南极板块运动的耦合关系。未来需要在西南极获得更多具有准确年代学限制的可靠的古地磁数据,这将对西南极的构造演化模式提供更多的制约,并有助于深入理解南极大陆的构造演化过程、板块生长与裂解的地球动力学机制。      

南极半岛中新生代构造岩浆演化及与南美巴塔哥尼亚对比

为了解南极半岛中新生代构造岩浆演化及其与南美巴塔哥尼亚的关系,本文综述了南极半岛岩浆岩的分布、时代、岩石成因、构造环境以及巴塔哥尼亚的地质历史。南极半岛可划分出东部冈瓦纳、中部岩浆弧和西部增生杂岩的3个构造域,古生代岩浆作用仅局部出现在东部和中部构造域,而中新生代岩浆作用形成的火山岩和侵入岩构成了中部岩浆弧的主体,并且随时间在南极半岛从东南向西北逐渐迁移、在南设得兰群岛从西南向东北逐渐迁移。南极半岛中新生代的构造演化包括了各构造域在侏罗纪汇聚前的大洋俯冲和岛弧增生、早白垩世各构造域初始汇聚和构造剥蚀、白垩纪中期碰撞造山、晚白垩世-早新生代(~50Ma之前)乔治六世海峡的形成以及~4Ma布兰斯菲尔德海峡弧后盆地的打开。南极半岛与巴塔哥尼亚的地质对比表明,两地区至少在白垩纪以前是相连的。     

阿拉善地块早古生代岩浆作用成因及构造意义

阿拉善地块早古生代岩浆作用的成因研究，对理解阿拉善地块与古亚洲洋相互作用过程至关重要。本文在阿拉善地块中部新识别出一中志留世花岗岩体(噶顺花岗岩),其锆石U-Pb年龄为432Ma,以高Sr低Y为特征，属弱过铝质、中钾-高钾钙碱性花岗岩，ε_Hf (t)=-8.8～-19.4,形成于古老下地壳岩石的部分熔融。本文同时总结了阿拉善地块其他晚奥陶世-早泥盆世岩浆岩的成分特征，发现阿拉善地块早古生代岩浆岩在成因上可分为两类：类型I,侵位于晚奥陶世-早中志留世，为典型幔源弧岩浆岩，形成于俯冲流体交代地幔楔的部分熔融；类型II,侵位于中晚志留世-早泥盆世，普遍高Sr低Y,形成于古老中基性地壳岩石的部分熔融。纵观阿拉善地块整个早古生代的岩浆作用，在晚奥陶世-早中志留世→中晚志留世-早泥盆世→中晚泥盆世期间，阿拉善地块的岩浆作用从幔源弧岩浆岩过渡到壳源高Sr低Y型花岗岩再到岩浆作用逐渐消失，反映了阿拉善地块陆缘弧从相对伸展环境向挤压弧的转变。这一岩浆作用演化记录了区域构造作用从典型洋陆俯冲到俯冲作用逐渐减弱(直至停止)或者俯冲角度(从陡俯冲向平俯冲)的转变过程；总体上，阿拉善地块早...     

东海晚中生代岩浆弧和板块俯冲：FZ211井碎屑锆石的约束

晚中生代是古太平洋板块俯冲东亚陆缘的重要时期,也是华南大陆岩浆活动的重要时期.本文选用东海陆架丽水凹陷FZ211井紧邻中生代花岗岩基底的石门谭组(2031～2097 m)和明月峰组(1755～1806 m)的砂岩样品,开展碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素和微量元素等分析,获得了侏罗纪(180～160 Ma)和白垩纪(140～80 Ma)两期主要的岩浆事件记录,以120～80 Ma年龄组分更为发育.两期岩浆锆石均具有结晶温度低(605～792℃)、流体活动元素U、Th和LREE富集以及高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和HREE亏损特点,它们形成于典型的岩浆弧构造环境,岩浆中侏罗纪俯冲物质的加入明显优于白垩纪.与洋壳锆石相比,两期岩浆锆石U/Yb值(0.1～5.1)与大陆锆石类型一致,白垩纪岩浆锆石呈现向洋壳锆石过渡的趋势.东海渔山隆起应是晚中生代大陆岩浆弧的重要组成部分,120～80 Ma是俯冲和岩浆活动的强烈时期,东亚陆缘从侏罗纪到白垩纪显现出古太平洋板块俯冲回滚的特点.如果将渔山隆起岩浆弧与福州凹陷弧前盆地和SW日本到台湾的俯冲杂岩联结起来,区域上可构成晚中生代东亚陆缘汇聚的构造轮廓,即岩浆弧-弧前盆地-俯冲增生杂岩.     

西太平洋俯冲带的演变: 来自东北亚陆缘增生杂岩的制约

本文系统总结了东北亚陆缘晚古生代和中生代增生杂岩的构成与形成时代,并结合同时代火成岩组合及其时空变异以及沉积建造组合,重塑了西太平洋板块俯冲带的演变历史。结果表明: ① 位于佳木斯地块东缘的跃进山杂岩代表了二叠纪俯冲带,它是古亚洲洋构造体制的产物;② 侏罗纪增生杂岩代表了侏罗纪俯冲带,与陆缘同期钙碱性火成岩组合以及含煤建造一起,共同揭示了古太平洋板块西向俯冲的开始;③ 侏罗纪增生杂岩中—晚侏罗世和早白垩世早期陆源碎屑岩物源的变化,与古地磁和生物学证据一起,共同揭示了古太平洋板块小角度斜向俯冲和东北亚陆缘走滑的构造属性,导致了低纬度侏罗纪增生杂岩向高纬度的推移;④ 白垩纪—古近纪增生杂岩与陆缘白垩纪—古近纪岩浆作用一起代表了该期俯冲带的存在,自早白垩世到晚白垩世再到古近纪岩浆作用范围向海沟方向的收缩,揭示了古太平洋板块西向俯冲以及俯冲板片后撤（rollback）过程的发生,同时标志着东亚大地幔楔的形成;⑤古近纪晚期—新近纪早期日本海的打开,标志着现今太平洋板块俯冲带以及东北亚大地幔楔的形成。     

松潘-甘孜造山带西部碰撞结合带中生代多岛弧盆收缩史

经过对近年的区域地质调查成果总结,认为松潘-甘孜造山带西部碰撞结合带在古生代以后经历了三个重要的发展时期,即晚三叠世的岛弧盆收缩期,侏罗纪至白垩纪的碰撞造山期,新生代的陆内走滑、推覆改造和高原隆升期.晚三叠世俯冲碰撞作用强烈,形成了一系列火山弧和火山岩浆弧;侏罗纪至白垩纪发生的俯冲碰撞造山,形成了以弧-陆碰撞造山为主,并有弧一弧碰撞造山、弧后挤压造山等多种形式的、复杂的复合造山带;在古近纪、新近纪经历强烈的走滑、推覆改造活动;在第四纪由于高原隆升形成了现今的新生代山脉.     

西藏班公湖-怒江结合带北缘多龙地区侏罗纪增生杂岩的特征及意义

西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带北部多龙矿集区出露的增生杂岩属总体无序、局部有序的非史密斯地层,由基质和块体2个部分组成。基质为侏罗系砂泥质复理石建造,块体由大小不等的玄武岩、砂岩、硅质岩、泥质灰岩、超基性岩等组成。增生杂岩系变形强烈,发育强烈的构造置换作用,块体与基质之间由透入性挤压面理或剪切面理分隔,为典型造山带大陆增生边缘的增生杂岩。这套增生杂岩形成于侏罗纪羌塘陆块南缘的侧向增生边缘,发育于晚古生代增生杂岩系之上,与班公湖-怒江中特提斯洋壳侏罗纪时期向羌塘陆块的俯冲作用有关,侏罗纪—白垩纪羌多岩浆弧为在这套增生楔基础上发育起来的火山-岩浆弧。班公湖-怒江结合带北缘多龙地区侏罗纪增生杂岩的识别为正确认识多龙超大型斑岩铜金矿床的成矿地质背景和结合带的演化提供了新的线索。     

冈底斯弧南缘侏罗纪火成岩时空分布和地球化学组成变化特征及其对地壳增生的指示北大核心CSCD

冈底斯弧南缘广泛出露有中生代和新生代火成岩,是青藏高原火成岩最发育的地区之一,记录了新特提斯洋北向俯冲、消减和随后的印度大陆与欧亚大陆碰撞等地质过程。对中生代尤其是侏罗纪火成岩的研究对于理解新特提斯洋早期俯冲及青藏高原南缘早期增生具有显著意义。对位于冈底斯南缘平行于雅鲁藏布江缝合带东西向展布的侏罗纪火成岩年代学和地球化学数据进行了总结,结果表明:(1)侏罗纪岩浆活动高峰期集中于早中侏罗世(192~168 Ma);(2)侏罗纪岩浆作用主要活动范围位于雅鲁藏布江以北附近,在北纬29.48°以北相对缺乏中晚侏罗世岩浆活动,而且早侏罗世岩浆活动相对于南边也更加平静,且以酸性岩浆活动为主;(3)侏罗纪火成岩微量元素也呈一些规律性变化,如Ba/La、Ba/Th比值随着时代的演化呈现出递增的趋势,很可能表明板片来源流体贡献逐渐增加,Nb/Th和Nb/La由西向东均呈现递减趋势,表明地壳混染作用很可能逐渐增强;(4)侏罗纪火成岩的微量元素组成空间上的变化特征指示在早侏罗世早期冈底斯弧南缘就已经存在正常地壳厚度,并且随着新特提斯洋的北向俯冲,其有逐渐增厚的趋势。     

伊朗扎格罗斯造山带构造演化与成矿

扎格罗斯造山带是特提斯构造域的重要组成,其内赋存有世界级规模的金属矿产资源。本文综述了扎格罗斯造山带构造格架、物质组成、矿床分布及特征,讨论了该区构造演化与成矿。扎格罗斯造山带由南至北由扎格罗斯褶皱冲断带(ZFTB)、萨南达杰-锡尔詹岩浆变质带(SSZ)、乌尔米耶-达克塔尔火山岩浆带(UDMA)和伊朗中部地块四个构造单元组成。新元古代—早寒武世时,萨南达杰-锡尔詹带和伊朗中部地块位于冈瓦纳大陆北缘,受始特提斯洋盆俯冲影响,边缘发育大陆岩浆弧。晚石炭世—二叠纪萨南达杰-锡尔詹带和伊朗中部地块与冈瓦纳大陆裂解,新特提斯洋盆形成。三叠纪伊朗中部地块与北侧的欧亚大陆汇聚,古特提斯洋盆闭合。侏罗纪—白垩纪新特提斯洋盆向北侧的萨南达杰-锡尔詹带俯冲,形成弧岩浆岩及弧后盆地,其中弧前蛇绿岩中发育铬铁矿床,弧后盆地双峰式火山岩中产有块状硫化物矿床,碳酸盐岩内发育梅迪阿巴德密西西比河谷型超大型铅锌矿床。白垩纪末—新生代初洋壳向萨南达杰-锡尔詹带仰冲,含铬铁矿的蛇绿岩就位。始新世末—渐新世新特提斯洋闭合,南侧的阿拉伯板块与北侧的萨南达杰-锡尔詹带和中伊朗地块所在的欧亚大陆碰撞,在阿拉伯板块前缘形成扎格罗斯褶皱冲断带,在欧亚大陆南缘形成乌尔米耶-达克塔尔火山岩浆带。伴随碰撞,在萨南达杰-锡尔詹带的碳酸盐岩中形成类密西西比河谷型铅锌矿床,中中新世以来扎格罗斯地区进入后碰撞阶段,在乌尔米耶-达克塔尔带内发育了包括萨尔切实梅和松贡超大型矿床在内的众多斑岩型铜矿床。     

西藏班公湖-怒江结合带北缘多龙地区侏罗纪 增生杂岩的特征及意义

西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带北部多龙矿集区出露的增生杂岩属总体无序、局部有序的非史密斯地层,由基质和块体2个部分组成。基质为侏罗系砂泥质复理石建造,块体由大小不等的玄武岩、砂岩、硅质岩、泥质灰岩、超基性岩等组成。增生杂岩系变形强烈,发育强烈的构造置换作用,块体与基质之间由透入性挤压面理或剪切面理分隔,为典型造山带大陆增生边缘的增生杂岩。这套增生杂岩形成于侏罗纪羌塘陆块南缘的侧向增生边缘,发育于晚古生代增生杂岩系之上,与班公湖-怒江中特提斯洋壳侏罗纪时期向羌塘陆块的俯冲作用有关,侏罗纪—白垩纪羌多岩浆弧为在这套增生楔基础上发育起来的火山-岩浆弧。班公湖-怒江结合带北缘多龙地区侏罗纪增生杂岩的识别为正确认识多龙超大型斑岩铜金矿床的成矿地质背景和结合带的演化提供了新的线索。     

Gondwana breakup via double-saloon-door rifting and seafloor spreading in a backarc basin during subduction rollback

A model has been developed where two arc-parallel rifts propagate in opposite directions from an initial central location during backarc seafloor spreading and subduction rollback. The resultant geometry causes pairs of terranes to simultaneously rotate clockwise and counterclockwise like the motion of double-saloon-doors about their hinges. As movement proceeds and the two terranes rotate, a gap begins to extend between them, where a third rift initiates and propagates in the opposite direction to subduction rollback. Observations from the Oligocene to Recent Western Mediterranean, the Miocene to Recent Carpathians, the Miocene to Recent Aegean and the Oligocene to Recent Caribbean point to a two-stage process. Initially, pairs of terranes comprising a pre-existing retro-arc fold thrust belt and magmatic arc rotate about poles and accrete to adjacent continents. Terrane docking reduces the width of the subduction zone, leading to a second phase during which subduction to strike-slip transitions initiate. The clockwise rotated terrane is caught up in a dextral strike-slip zone, whereas the counterclockwise rotated terrane is entrained in a sinistral strike-slip fault system. The likely driving force is a pair of rotational torques caused by slab sinking and rollback of a curved subduction hingeline.By analogy with the above model, a revised five-stage Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Gondwana dispersal model is proposed in which three plates always separate about a single triple rift or triple junction in the Weddell Sea area. Seven features are considered diagnostic of double-saloon-door rifting and seafloor spreading:

i) earliest movement involves clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the Falkland Islands Block and the Ellsworth Whitmore Terrane respectively;

ii) terranes comprise areas of a pre-existing retro-arc fold thrust belt (the Permo-Triassic Gondwanide Orogeny) attached to an accretionary wedge/magmatic arc; the Falklands Islands Block is initially attached to Southern Patagonia/West Antarctic Peninsula, while the Ellsworth Whitmore Terrane is combined with the Thurston Island Block;

iii) paleogeographies demonstrate rifting and extension in a backarc environment relative to a Pacific margin subduction zone/accretionary wedge where simultaneous crustal shortening occurs;

iv) a ridge jump towards the subduction zone from east of the Falkland Islands to the Rocas Verdes Basin evinces subduction rollback;

v) this ridge jump combined with backarc extension isolated an area of thicker continental crust — The Falkland Islands Block;

vi) well-documented EW oriented seafloor spreading anomalies in the Weddell Sea are perpendicular to the subduction zone and propagate in the opposite direction to rollback;

vii) the dextral strike-slip Gastre and sub-parallel faults form one boundary of the Gondwana subduction rollback, whereas the other boundary may be formed by inferred sinistral strike-slip motion between a combined Thurston Island/Ellsworth Whitmore Terrane and Marie Byrd Land/East Antarctica.

Evolution of the Pacific margin of the northern Antarctic Peninsula: an overview

The sector of the northern Antarctic Peninsula between the Tula and Shackleton Fracture Zones provides evidence for the subduction of south-east Pacific oceanic crust under Antarctic continental crust during Late Mesozoic through Miocene times. The pre-subduction depositional history of this sector includes the formation of a marine siliciclastic turbidite wedge (?Permian-Triassic) deposited in a marginal basin setting. It was folded and thrust retroarc before the Middle Jurassic to form the Trinity accretion foldbelt, which extended for several hundred kilometres along the Pacific margin of Gondwanaland. The foldbelt was deeply eroded and levelled under subaerial conditions, then unconformably covered either by Middle-Upper Jurassic alluvial to lacustrine deposits (in the north) or by Early Cretaceous basic lavas (in the south). The subduction-related magmatism, in the form of acidic effusions and intrusions, began in the northern Antarctic Peninsula during Middle Jurassic times and continued as predominantly basic lavas and agglomerates intruded by basic, intermediate and acidic plutons, and by a succession of dykes, during the Early to Late Cretaceous. Thus the inner magmatic are of the northern Antarctic Peninsula (northern Graham Land-Trinity Peninsula) was formed. An outward (north-westerly) migration of centres of magmatic activity with time (Cretaceous-Tertiary) towards the subduction trench, coupled with a northeastward shift of these centres along the Arc's length due to the counterclockwise rotation of Antarctica, produced the outer magmatic arc of the South Shetland Islands. Slight folding of Late Mesozoic and Tertiary magmatic suites occurred at several stages of subduction. Stronger folding and retroarc thrusting appeared locally as a result of the collision of the Aluk Ridge-Antarctic Peninsula during the Mid-Miocene. The latest plate tectonic event was the opening of the Bransfield Rift (Oligocene-Recent) as a spreading back-arc basin, associated with terrestrial and submarine volcanic activity.     

Geochronological Framework and Geodynamic Implications of Mafic Magmatism in the Liaodong Peninsula and Adjacent Regions, North China Craton

Mafic rocks are widespread on the Liaodong Peninsula and adjacent regions of the North China Craton. The majority of this magmatism was originally thought to have occurred during the Pre-Sinian, although the precise geochronological framework of this magmatism was unclear. Here, we present the results of more than 60 U–Pb analyses of samples performed over the past decade, with the aim of determining the spatial and temporal distribution of mafic magmatism in this area. These data indicate that Paleoproterozoic–Mesoproterozoic mafic rocks are not as widely distributed as previously thought. The combined geochronological data enabled the subdivision of the mafic magmatism into six episodes that occurred during the middle Paleoproterozoic, the late Paleoproterozoic, the Mesoproterozoic, the Late Triassic, the Middle Jurassic, and the Early Cretaceous. The middle Paleoproterozoic (2.1–2.2 Ga) mafic rocks formed in a subduction-related setting and were subsequently metamorphosed during a ca. 1.9 Ga arc–continent collision event. The late Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1.87–1.82 Ga) bimodal igneous rocks mark the end of a Paleoproterozoic tectono-thermal event, whereas Mesoproterozoic mafic dike swarms record global-scale Mesoproterozoic rifting associated with the final breakup of the Columbia supercontinent. The Late Triassic mafic magmatism is part of a Late Triassic magmatic belt that was generated by post-collisional extension. The Middle Jurassic mafic dikes formed in a compressive tectonic setting, and the Early Cretaceous bimodal igneous rocks formed in an extensional setting similar to a back-arc basin. These latter two periods of magmatism were possibly related to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate.     

Ediacaran mafic magmatism recorded in Cambrian eclogites of the Ross orogen,Antarctica: Implications for the Neoproterozoic rifting episodes along the Pacific-Gondwana margin

We report the first finding of Ediacaran mafic magmatism in northern Victoria Land of the Ross orogen, Antarctica, based on ca. 600–590 Ma magmatic zircon cores in Cambrian eclogites. The mafic magmatism could be either linked to ca. 615–590 Ma incipient convergent margin magmatism in central segment of the Ross orogen, or ca. 600–580 Ma continental rift-related volcanism widespread in eastern Australia. The latter is preferred based on the trace-element compositions distinctive from those of arc-related basalts and the depleted mantle-like Hf isotopic compositions of zircon. Our results suggest dual rifting episodes during both the Ediacaran and Cryogenian (ca. 670–650 Ma) in the East Antarctic margin, correlative with those in eastern Australia. A spatial distribution of coeval rifting and subduction along the Ediacaran margin of East Antarctica is readily accounted for by rift inheritance; the upper- and lower-plate geometry resulting from detachment and transform faulting.     

On the origin of fore-arc basins: new evidence of formation by rifting from the Jurassic of Alexander Island, Antarctica

The Middle Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Fossil Bluff Group of Alexander Island, Antarctica represents the fill of a fore-arc basin unconformably overlying an accretionary complex. Like most fore-arc basins, this example had been considered to have a passive origin, as a topographic hollow between the arc and the trench-slope break. Recent discoveries of igneous rock coeval with sedimentation have altered this view. Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian basaltic and rhyolitic sills and lava flows are found in a restricted area at the north of the basin, within a single formation. Chemically, most basalts are high-Nb types, which cannot have originated in a supra-subduction zone setting. Since the age of emplacement of these rocks coincides with a gap in the record of plutonism in the Antarctic Peninsula volcanic arc, it is concluded that a late Jurassic pause in subduction led to active rifting to form the fore-arc basin.     

Geology of the Hubert Miller seamount,Marie Byrd seamounts province,Amundsen Sea,West Antarctic

This work is dedicated to the results of joint Russian-German geodynamic studies carried out in the West Antarctic (areas of the Amundsen Sea, the Southern Ocean, the Marie Byrd seamounts, and the foot of the continental slope of Marie Byrd Land) during cruises 18/5a and 23/4 of the “R/V Polarstern” in 2001 and 2006, respectively. The material collected on the Hubert Miller seamount (Marie Byrd seamount) attests to the relict continental appearance of the rocks. This suggests the heterogeneity of the Amundsen seafloor and its formation through a spatiotemporal combination of the destruction of continental crust, progressive thalassogenesis (oceanization-taphrogenesis), and rifting, as opposed to a spreading origin. The high postconsolidation mobility during the destruction stage led to the areal dismembering and high permeability of the continental crust, as well as tectonomagmatic activation. The main process during the reworking of the continental crust is its magmatic substitution by mantle-derived basic-ultrabasic material with subsequent formation of a secondary oceanic crust and preservation of relics of the continental crust. The endogenic activity of the Earth was driven by transmagmatic fluids, which were supplied from the liquid core and caused transformation of the Earth’s crust and mantle.     

Regional compilation and analysis of aeromagnetic anomalies for the Transantarctic Mountains–Ross Sea sector of the Antarctic

Magnetic observations over the area of the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) and the Ross Sea have been compiled into a digital database that furnishes a new regional scale view of the magnetic anomaly crustal field in this key sector of the Antarctic continent. This compilation is a component of the ongoing IAGA/SCAR Antarctic Digital Magnetic Anomaly Project (ADMAP). The aeromagnetic surveys total 115 000 line km, and are distributed across the Victoria Land sector of the TAM, the Ross Sea, and Marie Byrd Land. The magnetic campaigns were performed within the framework of the national and international Italian–German–US Antarctic research programs and conducted with differing specifications during nine field seasons from 1971 until 1997. Generally flight line spacing was less than 5 km while survey altitude varied from about 610 to 4000 m above sea level for barometric surveys and was equal to 305 m above topography for the single draped survey. Reprocessing included digitizing the old contour data, improved levelling by means of microlevelling in the frequency domain, and re-reduction to a common reference field based on the DGRF90 model. A multi-frequency grid procedure was then applied to obtain a coherent and merged total intensity magnetic anomaly map. The shaded relief map covers an area of approximately 380 000 km². This new compilation provides a regional image of the location and spatial extent of the Cenozoic alkaline magmatism related to the TAM–Ross Sea rift, Jurassic tholeiites, and crustal segments of the Early Palaeozoic magmatic arc. A linear, approximately 100-km wide and 600-km long Jurassic rift-like structure is newly identified. Magnetic fabric in the Ross Sea rift often matches seismically imaged Cenozoic fault arrays. Major buried onshore pre-rift fault zones, likely inherited from the Ross Orogen, are also delineated. These faults may have been reactivated as strike-slip belts that segmented the TAM into various crustal blocks.     

The tectono-magmatic evolution of the West Junggar terrane (NW China) unravelled by U–Pb ages of detrital zircons in modern river sands

ABSTRACT

The West Junggar terrane (WJT) is an outstanding laboratory for studying the tectonic evolution of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean, because it contains widespread Paleozoic magmatism in different tectonic settings. We attempt to reconstruct the tectono-magmatic evolution of WJT through U–pb analysis of detrital zircons from three modern river sand samples from the Harabura, Baibuxie, and Aletengyemule rivers in the Barleik Mountains of the central WJT. A total of 232 concordant spots show Th/U ratios of 0.14–1.69, typical of igneous origin, and they contain abundant Paleozoic (96%) and few Precambrian (4%) ages, with major age populations at 450–530, 400–430, 320–380, and 265–320 Ma. The first two groups may be derived from the early subduction- and accretion-related magmatic rocks of the WJT, whereas the third group is congruent with magmatic activities related to the final subduction and basin-filling processes within a framework of the remnant Junggar–Balkhash Ocean. By combining with the regional data, the last group of magmatic events is referred to as post-subduction magmatism. The missing Mesozoic–Cenozoic magmatism clearly indicates a pre-Permian closure for the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean, nearly coeval with the closure of other oceans in the southwestern Palaeo-Asian Ocean.     

Late Paleozoic tectonic -magmatic evolution history of the northeastern ChinaSCIEI北大核心CSCD

Northeastern China is suited in the eastern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and it is mainly composed of Erguna Massif, Xing'an Massif, Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range Massif, Jiamusi Massif, and Nadanhada Terrane. The Late Paleozoic magmatism was relatively intense accompanied with multiple stages of amalgamation in several microcontinents, therefore these magmatic products are an important media in recording the Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution history of the northeastern China. According to the petrological, geochronological, and geochemical characteristics of Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in the northeastern China, we found that the Late Paleozoic magmatism was based on Carboniferous -Permian igneous rocks. The Early Carboniferous magmatic products are gabbro, diorite and granite, the Late Carboniferous magmatic products are mainly composed of granitoids with minor gabbro, and the Permian magmatic products are mainly granitoids. Meanwhile, these Late Paleozoic igneous rocks mostly exhibit typical arc characteristics. In addition, the Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces are mainly Permian granitoids with minor gabbro, and these Permian igneous rocks show typical arc characteristics. Combined with petrological, geochronological, geochemical and isotopic characteristics, we suggest that the Late Paleozoic igneous rocks in the Great Xing'an Range and eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces underwent different magmatic evolution history, and the microcontinents in NE China had different crustal growth history.