北部湾盆地今古地温场特征及热史演化

北部湾盆地的现今地温场具有不均一性，这种特征除与基岩埋藏深度有一定关系外，在很大程度上与活动热流体有关。地壳热结构分析表明本区的大地构造背景比较稳定，放射性产热元素所带来的影响不容忽略。利用镜质体反射率、流体包裹体以及粘土矿物等参数，对盆地的古地温场做了探讨。     

鄂尔多斯盆地构造热演化与砂岩型铀成矿

鄂尔多斯盆地火山活动、地温场、热流场、古地温、构造演化等方面的综合研究表明,该盆地的构造热演化为流体流体、流体岩石之间的相互作用提供了基础,为有机矿产和砂岩型铀矿的形成创造了条件,尤其是中晚侏罗世白垩纪的构造热事件,在铀源物质的提供、铀的运移,铀的富集和沉淀成矿等方面起着重要的作用。     

非洲G盆地南部凹陷热演化史恢复及成藏期次判断

非洲G盆地是受中非剪切带影响而发育形成的典型被动裂谷盆地,其南部凹陷带为盆地主要油源区。为进一步明确G盆地油气勘探方向,需开展盆地南部凹陷热演化史及油气成藏方面的研究。油层测温表明,南部凹陷现今平均地温梯度为3.9 ℃/100 m,属于中温型地温场。根据镜质体反射率、包裹体测温恢复了G盆地凹陷带古地温演化史,研究表明G盆地凹陷白垩纪古地温梯度为2.4～3.77 ℃/100 m,古地温梯度低于现今地温梯度。古地温恢复及热史模拟表明最高地温是在现今达到的,下白垩统烃源岩热演化程度主要受现今地温场控制。包裹体均一温度分析表明G盆地南部凹陷存在两次流体作用事件,分别发生在晚白垩世早期(96.0～87.0 Ma)及第四纪(3.0～0 Ma)。下白垩统油气的主要成藏期在晚白垩世早期。     

中国煤变质作用

通过煤变质热源及作用方式的研究，总结了中国煤变质作用主要类型，动态地史－热史模拟表明，煤盆地的地热状态以非均－地温场影响深成变质格局，如鄂尔多斯盆地三叠纪的地温高于前后时代，大地热流同盆地了中心增高，四川盆地中心莫霍面较浅，与高变质煤分布基本一致，区域岩浆热变质是形成中国大多数中高煤级煤的主因，模拟分析了湘赣中南部印支－燕山期花岗岩体与煤变质，煤热水变质作用以载热的深循环流体构成派生热绿岩侵入的增     

桂西北地区古地热场特征及其在微细粒浸染型金矿床形成中的作用

本文以右江盆地古地热场特征分析为基础，并结合岩相和构造研究的成果，提出了沉积盆地中微细粒浸染型金矿床形成的古地温控制模式，即海底火山喷发和还原的沉积环境条件对成矿物持初始富集的控制，盆地的构造深沉降引起古地温升高促使含矿流体形成、运移和圈闭，盆地的后期构造活动和抬升引起含矿流体层的破裂或降温，致使含矿流体突破，淀析成矿。     

地下流体势的空间分布模式与油气运移聚集关系

利用流体势分析系统（简称ＦＰＡＳ）研究地下流体势分布模式，可克服井资料不系统的局限性，有效地大规模进行盆地下流体流动系统的研究，该方法技术在西藏伦坡拉盆地得到了很好的应用，得出了伦坡拉盆地具有“双层”结构的流体势分布特征，反映了西藏伦坡拉盆地所存原两大流体流动系统，即重力流系统和压实流系统，这两大系统在流体势内幕结构水化学场，地温场，流体流动方向等方面具明显不同的特征，它们对油气运移聚集起着不同的     

沉积盆地地温梯度研究中应注意的问题

沉积盆地的地温场特征是油气勘探研究的重要内容之一。油气勘探工作者习惯于采用地温梯度而不是大地热流来描述沉积盆地的热状态,但是,地温梯度与计算井段密切相关,离开计算井段去谈地温梯度高低,很容易引起误解,尤其是在测温井段较短或测温深度较浅时,测温数据不能直接用于计算沉积盆地的地温梯度,否则,会得出错误的结论。然而,在实际研究工作中,这一点经常被忽视。为此,本文提出了“规一化”地温梯度的概念和计算方法,并以实例说明沉积盆地地温场研究中,采用“规一化”地温梯度来描述盆地热状态平面分布特征的必要性。     

沉积盆地热演化史研究新进展

   沉积盆地热历史及其对有机质成熟度的影响是非常活致的研究课题。本文论述了这方面的新进展，其中包括古地温研究办法、盆地热历史类型及热历史重建。作者认为恢复沉积盆地沉积热历史应重视后期地温场的改造。
        

鄂尔多斯盆地晚白垩世以后是否存在构造热事件？

比较分析了鄂尔多斯盆地下古生界奥陶系马家沟组碳酸盐岩、上古生界石炭系-二叠系煤系、上三叠统延长组二段和五段以及下侏罗统延安组等五套地层中岩石反射率与埋藏深度的关系,发现上述五套地层的演化具有共同特点,即在晚白垩世以后,地层的热演化与埋藏深度出现明显的不协调,显示了有其它的热源影响和控制盆地的热演化。岩石中矿物流体包裹体测温及岩石裂变径迹分析结果显示这一时期有热流体侵入。结合盆地古地温场和基底构造特征提出鄂尔多斯盆地在晚白垩世以后即燕山晚期到喜马拉雅早期可能发生过构造热事件。     

应用流体包裹体和磷灰石裂变径迹研究古地温--以辽河盆地东部凹陷为例

以太阳岛构造和大平房构造为例,利用流体包裹体显微测温和磷灰石裂变径迹分析方法恢复了辽河盆地东部凹陷第三系的古地温。流体包裹体研究表明,32 Ma和25 Ma时研究区两期排烃运移高峰均发生于高的地温场。磷灰石裂变径迹分析得到太阳岛构造古地温梯度为3.79℃/hm,大平房构造古地温梯度为3.24℃/hm。古地温梯度均高于现今地温梯度,且呈现古地温梯度由早到晚降低的趋势。这些研究结果与辽河盆地的区域地质背景相一致。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)