红山台地磁日变化记录准确度标定分析

为了正确评价相对记录仪器记录到的地磁日变化的准确度,分析了红山台2套GM4磁通门磁力仪2009—2012年4年来的地磁日变化记录准确度标定基线值的精度和稳定性,同时对地磁日变化记录准确度标定基线值与地磁日变化的相关性进行了研究,得出以下结论:在标定时段2套GM4磁通门磁力仪D、H、Z3个分量基线值的变化幅度和测量误差都很小;1号GM4磁通门磁力仪比2号运行更加稳定,且日变化记录准确度标定基线值和地磁日变化之间相关性并不显著,这与2套仪器的自身老化和所处的观测环境等因素有关;红山台在上午10:30—12:30和下午15:30之后的时间段地磁日变化记录准确度标定基线值稳定,适宜进行地磁绝对观测。     

大连数字化磁通门磁力仪的工作环境与保护

1 磁通门磁力仪的工作环境要求 磁通门磁力仪要求有220 V/50 Hz的电源,环境电磁噪声小于0.1 nTp-p。计算机记录室的温度应0～30 ℃,湿度10～80%。探头记录室的温度年变化最好在10 ℃之内。每个测点都需要有绝对测量,以测定磁通门磁变仪的基线值(J Jankowski et al著,周锦屏等译,1999)。 1.1 数字化地磁台选址要求 为了使数字地磁记录的地磁场长期和短期变化都能代表大范围“正常”区域地磁场变化特征,避免由于局部不规则磁化地质体引起磁异常而产生畸变,选址时应先搜集当地地磁图,航空磁测资料和有关地质资料,弄清台址周围地磁场背景、…     

喀什地磁台磁通门磁力仪与磁变仪记录资料的对比分析

作为国家“九五”科技公关成果的GM3磁通门磁力仪,是我国自行研制的地磁数字化记录仪器,现广泛应用于我国地磁观测台站。磁通门磁力仪的工作原理从理论上讲是勿庸置疑的,但是不同的设计、不同的制造工艺使得仪器的性能略有差异。CB3磁变仪模拟记录虽然不能象磁通门磁力仪那样提供高分辨率的数字化资料,但多年的观测实践表明,其工作的稳定性     

对银川地磁台磁通门磁力仪观测数据的初步分析

选取2001年1月－6月中美合作项目（SMALL）中磁通门磁力仪的数据和同期磁变仪的数据进行对比分析。结果表明，两种仪器记录的日变形态、日变幅、极值及极值时间具有较好的一致性，说明该项目中磁通门磁力仪的资料真实可靠。给出的典型地磁脉动事件表明，该仪器可提供精确定时的高质量地磁资料。     

地磁台基线值分析

本文通过对1989年全国地磁台基线值的分析,表明影响基线值的因素包括绝对观测和相对记录两个方面。除了通常考虑的磁变仪的温度和滑动影响外,还必须考虑这两个因素相互作用造成的影响。分析还表明,质子旋进式磁力仪受温度影响造成的测量误差也是引起基线值变化的不可忽视的因素之一。改进观测条件,提高观测技术才能提高资料质量。     

红山地震台地磁GM4仪与FHD-2B仪观测资料对比分析

通过对2013年红山地震台地磁GM4磁通门磁力仪与FHD-2B质子矢量磁力仪产出的观测资料进行对比,系统分析两套仪器分均值、日均值和基线值的变化趋势,并对仪器背景噪声做相应对比,认为观测数据变化趋势一致,而GM4仪观测精度较大。     

地磁数字与模拟观测资料对比分析

“九五”地震前兆数字化台站改造后，数字化的地磁观测仪器在全国各地磁台站推广应用已有两年多时间，两年来，数字化观测仪器和模拟记录仪器在武汉台一直进行并行观测工作，其观测资料稳定可靠。本文通过GM-3磁通门磁力仪与其它仪器进行数字和模拟观测资料的时均值、日均值、月均值、年均值对比分析。分析结果表明数字观测资料优于模拟观测资料，数字观测仪器完全可以取代模拟观测仪器。     

红山地磁台F值一致性的初步分析

对2007年红山地磁台GM4磁通门磁力仪、FHD质子旋进磁力仪及CZM-2核旋仪的总强度F观测数据,进行了趋势变化、均值、差值以及基线值的对比分析,认为两台数字化仪器F的观测数据具有较高的观测精度和一致的变化趋势,仅均值存在较小的差别,已达到了国内高精度地磁观测的水平.CZM-2核旋仪受人为因素影响较大,仪器精度低.     

兰州地磁台GM3磁力仪基线值变化特征和处理方法探讨

根据兰州地磁台2002年GM3磁通门磁力仪观测基线值数据,分析了基线值的变化规律和影响因素,并把影响因素定量掺入到对基线的平滑过程中,将得到的结果与FHD-1仪观测数据的处理结果做比较,得出基线值主要受温度系数和漂移影响。在对基线值进行平滑时定量考虑温度系数对基线值的影响程度,是提高地磁最终观测结果精确度可行且有效的方法。     

肇庆地磁台磁通门磁力仪对比分析

对2003年肇庆地磁台GM3和Flare-plus磁通门磁力仪的H、D、Z分量观测数据.进行了趋势变化、均值、方差一致性检验以及基线值分析,认为两台磁力仪的观测数据具有同等观测精度和一致的变化趋势,仅均值存在较小的差别,已达到了国内高精度地磁观测的水平.与英国产的Flare-plus磁力仪相比,国产GM3磁力仪的观测精度和稳定性部分性能已达到世界上高精度数字地磁观测仪器的水平,但仪器的总体稳定性,传感器探头受温度影响的程度、仪器零漂等指标还需进一步提高.     

An intelligent digital magnetic recording system (DIMARS)

The system consists of three magnetic variometers with electrical output signals for theH, D, andZ components, a proton magnetometer for the total field, a data acquisition system, two cassette recorders, an analogue chart recorder, a calendar clock, and a telex. The analogue and digital input data are sampled at 10 sec intervals, averaged over a minute, and recorded on a magnetic tape cassette. The computed hourly and daily mean values and the daily minimum and maximum values are recorded together with the occurrence times on a second cassette, at the operator's request. Rapid run recording of the 10 sec values of each measured component is initiated automatically during magnetic storms.DIMARS incorporates several test functions as ROM test, A/D converter test, recorder test, telexline test and checking the memory content. The test functions can be activated by the equipment keyboard, or via the telex. The telex can also be operated as an output printer.     

Polynomial smoothing of quiet-time magnetic variations for an irregularly spaced array of sites

Both magnetospheric and solid Earth geophysicists often employ two-dimensional arrays of recording variometers to reconstruct the spatial distribution of transient magnetic field variations at the Earth's surface. These discrete data are typically interpolated over a dense grid and the results, for example, are contoured. Few studies, however, have explored the efficacy of employing various polynomial forms for interpolating the same data set, nor have they examined how regional polynomial forms relate to magnetic variation sources on a global scale. The present study addresses some of these concerns. We quantify the characteristics of various smoothed models (i.e., low-order polynomial trend surfaces) for the same data set from a subglobal network of magnetic variometers. Using a relatively quiet interval of undisturbed diurnal variation, we characterize the spatial distribution of the three individual magnetic vector components at a single instant of time—or for what we call a ‘time slice’. We then explore how our model functions are affected by the presence or absence of various site data, i.e., what is the ‘information content’ of a particular site in our array and how important is it to constraining the final smooth model function that we derive? Finally, we explore how such local model functions are affected by including data from outside the array by studying the relation between our local polynomial forms and the global source fields from which they derive.     

对较强地震造成喀什台H磁变仪磁系翻转的处理方法及有关问题的讨论

多年来,Ｈ 磁变仪磁系被地震震翻事件在多震区的地磁台常有发生。这不同程度地影响着磁变仪的正常工作及记录资料的连续性。如何解决这一矛盾,一直是地磁工作者关注的问题。文中主要总结并介绍了喀什台在这方面积累的经验、采取的措施以及收到的效果     

改进磁变仪布局的研究

本文讨论了各分量磁变仪磁针之间的相互影响以及地磁场各分量的变化、记录光入射角对记录的影响，并由此认为一套磁变仪的布局应满意三项标准：（１）各分量仪磁针间的相互静磁影响要小，且任一磁针受其它磁针工作的影响要低于该分量仪记录的分辨率；（２）各分量仪的状态函数稳定，即保持定向能力强；（３）可产生较高精度的线性记录磁照图。鉴于目前的磁变仪布局与此三标准有明显差距，故本文提出了一种新的布局方案，可满足此三项     

永安台FHD-2B型质子磁力仪观测概况与仪器维护

通过对永安台FHD-2B型质子磁力仪运行3年来观测概况的介绍,总结日常观测过程中可能遇到的仪器故障或问题,并初步探讨解决仪器问题的经验办法,以提高仪器维护的质量。     

Improved Kakioka automatic standard magnetometer (KASMMER)

The KASMMER (Kakioka Automatic Standard Magnetometer) has been constructed in 1972 for the standard magnetic observation at Kakioka (Yanagiharaet al., 1973). Then KASMMER system has been improved successively for the high level standard magnetic observation. The purpose of the present paper is to introduce an outline of the improved KASMMER system.The KASMMER system consists of four parts which are four optical pumping magnetometers, a fluxgate magnetometer (Supporting system to the optical pumping magnetometers), a calibration system and a data acquisition system (computer system). The calibration system consists of a proton magnetometer and a magnetic theodolite (Di-72). Details for each part are described and the ability of the improved system is shown to be higher than that of classical magnetic observatory systems.     

磁情指数K、磁暴与地震相关性统计分析

在收集整理全球大震数据目录资料的基础上,利用贵阳地磁台地磁报告分析资料和FHD数字化磁力仪记录资料绘制图,统计分析了磁情指数K、磁暴与地震的关系,认为K指数〈5时,磁暴次数少,地震多;反之,K指数≥5时,磁暴次数多,地震发生的次数少。根据有关专家研究统计对比模拟记录与数字化记录,两种仪器的观测记录资料基本一致。     

地震地磁场野外观测同步控制系统研制与应用

针对地震地磁野外观测的需求,开发研制了一种基于无线网络的野外同步观测系统。该系统主要由接口单元、采集控制(CPU)单元、无线单元、传输网络、计算机控制中心等组成。该系统操作简单,实用性强,具有远程唤醒及休眠、校时等服务功能,也可应用到地磁台阵的数据传输与同步工作中。     

Using Diurnal Temperature Signals to Infer Vertical Groundwater‐Surface Water Exchange

Heat is a powerful tracer to quantify fluid exchange between surface water and groundwater. Temperature time series can be used to estimate pore water fluid flux, and techniques can be employed to extend these estimates to produce detailed plan‐view flux maps. Key advantages of heat tracing include cost‐effective sensors and ease of data collection and interpretation, without the need for expensive and time‐consuming laboratory analyses or induced tracers. While the collection of temperature data in saturated sediments is relatively straightforward, several factors influence the reliability of flux estimates that are based on time series analysis (diurnal signals) of recorded temperatures. Sensor resolution and deployment are particularly important in obtaining robust flux estimates in upwelling conditions. Also, processing temperature time series data involves a sequence of complex steps, including filtering temperature signals, selection of appropriate thermal parameters, and selection of the optimal analytical solution for modeling. This review provides a synthesis of heat tracing using diurnal temperature oscillations, including details on optimal sensor selection and deployment, data processing, model parameterization, and an overview of computing tools available. Recent advances in diurnal temperature methods also provide the opportunity to determine local saturated thermal diffusivity, which can improve the accuracy of fluid flux modeling and sensor spacing, which is related to streambed scour and deposition. These parameters can also be used to determine the reliability of flux estimates from the use of heat as a tracer.