大冶铁矿接替资源勘查项目中“空、地、井”磁法测量的应用

大冶铁矿项目属2004年度危机矿山接替资源勘查项目九个试点项目之一。该项目的实施,不但取得了深部找矿的重大突破,解决了接替资源问题,同时也为全国危机矿山深部找矿工作的开展起到了示范作用。论文重点介绍了1/1万高分辨率航空磁测、1/2000高精度地面磁测、井中三分量磁测等磁法工作在勘查工作中的应用效果,特别是"空、地、井"磁测联合勘查,深部弱信息提取技术,精细反演技术、井-地磁测联合反演技术等几个方面值得借鉴和推广。初步统计,大冶铁矿参考磁异常布置的32个钻孔中,19个孔见矿。因此,本文认为在深部找矿(-600m)过程中,磁法工作依然大有可为。     

井地磁测资料联合反演及应用

井中磁测离深部场源近,能避开浅部干扰,是一种有效的找矿手段,但其控制范围有限;地面磁测采集方便且控制范围大,但老矿区干扰因素多,深部矿体信号弱,不容易解释.文章充分利用地面和井中磁测资料的优点,以二度板状体模型为例,进行井地磁测资料联合反演.通过数值模拟说明了井地联合反演方法的优越性,同时还比较了马奎特法,广义逆法和遗传算法三种不同算法的优缺点,最后将其应用于大冶铁矿实际资料的处理解释,为危机矿山的深部找矿提供了一种有效的方法.     

磁测资料处理新方法及在危机矿山挖潜中的应用

研究了危机矿山深部找矿的高精度磁测资料处理解释新方法技术:基于三度体数值积分法的三维可视化精细反演, 小波分析方法提取深部弱磁信号,起伏地形下高精度磁测资料快速化平处理的等效偶层法,以及旧资料 换算为 并与新资料对比的综合处理解释等方法。将这些新方法运用于大冶铁矿危机矿山的深部找矿,获得明显的地质效果。2005年根据解释结果在15线布置的钻孔打到了26.65 m厚的磁铁矿体,说明在危机矿山进一步挖潜中,新方法技术的运用是十分必要的。     

综合找矿方法在鄂东南危机矿山接替资源勘查中的应用——以铜绿山、鸡冠咀、大冶铁矿等矿山为例

以鄂东南地区铜绿山矿田内的铜绿山铜铁矿、鸡冠嘴铜金矿、铁山矿田内的大冶铁矿近几年接替资源勘查方法及成果为例,阐述综合找矿方法在不同矿山深部找矿中的应用效果.     

综合找矿方法在大冶铁矿深部勘查中的应用

文章在大冶铁矿深部勘查项目中，将地质、物探和钻探工作充分结合。物探方法的选择上要以磁法为主，兼用可控源音频大地电磁测深（CSAMT），不同的物探方法要互相补充、互相验证。综合物探方法的工作程序是：航磁测量—地面高精度磁测—（钻孔验证）—井中磁测—钻孔验证。综合找矿方法在大冶铁矿获得了良好的找矿效果，值得在鄂东南地区推广。     

对江山——绍兴断裂带东段韧性剪切带金矿深部找矿的认识

自新世纪以来,特别是《国务院关于加强地质工作的决定》实施以来,全国危机矿山接替资源找矿和深部找矿工作取得重要进展,成果喜人,如广西南丹铜坑锡矿、湖北大冶铁矿、河北迁安铁矿、辽宁红透山铜锌矿、辽宁本溪铁矿等取得突破性进展。这些实例进一步说明有一批大中型矿床外围和深部具备很大的找矿潜力,充分证明500m以下深部找矿潜力巨大,坚定了找矿信心。     

石嘴山新增3．4亿吨煤炭资源量延长矿山服务年限约100年

全国危机矿山接替资源找矿项目管理办公室近日对《宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市石炭井二矿煤矿接替资源勘查报告》进行评审。评审结果认为,在宁夏石嘴山市石炭井二矿煤矿查明3．4亿吨煤炭资源量,这意味着可延长石炭井二矿这座老矿山服务年限约100年。     

综合找矿方法和接触带控矿构造研究在大冶铁矿深部找矿中的应用

以大冶铁矿为实例，阐述了综合找矿方法与接触带控矿构造研究相结合，在危机矿山接替资源找矿中取得的新进展。     

危机矿山接替资源勘查实践——以安庆铜矿为例

总结了国家危机矿山接替资源勘查项目在安庆铜矿的工作实践,强调了接替资源勘查的重要性和科学性。简介了在现有矿山范围找矿勘查工作的一般原则和方法步骤,并取得了初步勘查成果。     

老矿山深部、边部找矿中磁法工作的体会

老矿山深部、边部找矿潜力巨大。在老矿区深边部进行与磁性矿物有关的铁铅锌铜等有色金属、贵金属矿勘查时,高精度磁测、航磁、磁测井、三维定量反演、井地联合反演是常规、经济和有效的磁法工作方法。找矿时,利用磁测资料对已有矿体进行正演,求取剩余磁异常,再精细反演深边部矿体的产状、埋深。同时,要特别关注老矿山次级、低缓的磁异常。为了提高磁异常解释的准确度,要与地质相结合进行推断解释。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

The Tendencies of the Development of the Mineral-Resources Sector at the Turn of the Century

Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base.     

Causes of the famine among the rural population of the Sahelian zone of the Sudan

Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.