贵州威宁地区鱼坝剖面稀土含矿岩系特征

黔西北地区晚二叠世稀土矿产于峨眉山玄武岩与上伏宣威组假整合面附近.在威宁地区稀土矿分为上、下两层,下含矿层为浅灰白色高岭石粘土岩,上含矿层为浅灰色高岭石粘土岩与铝质高岭石粘土岩,含矿岩系厚度在区域上变化较大,威宁鱼坝剖面含矿岩系完整且厚度较大.通过对威宁县鱼坝剖面含矿岩系的岩矿鉴定、稀土元素分析、XRD测试结果研究,初...     

威宁鹿房稀土矿地质特征及成矿作用初步分析

贵州威宁鹿房稀土矿产于上二叠统宣威组底部，含矿岩石为高岭石硬质粘土岩，矿体呈似层状及少量楔状透镜体。矿物赋存状态三种可能，一是离子吸附型，二是胶态附着型；三是离子胶态混合型。矿床类型属陆相沉稷的轻稀土富集型。     

一个值得注意的REE矿化类型

黔西北地区的织金、威宁、毕节、大方、纳雍、赫章等县均出现REE矿床或矿化,可分为2类:一类是寒武系底部的海相沉积磷块岩磷-REE矿床,如织金新华;另一类是与峨眉山玄武岩有关的古风化壳粘土岩REE矿化。本文主要介绍后一类。黔西北地区在大地构造上位于扬子准地台黔北台隆。区内峨眉山玄武岩广泛分布,主要为大陆溢流玄武岩,呈岩被产出,假整合于上二叠统茅口组灰岩之上,其上覆地层主要为上二叠统宣威组含煤岩系。玄武岩最厚处在西部威宁附近,厚达1249m。区内,在宣威组与玄武岩之间及玄武岩内部,产有多层呈似层状、透镜状的粘土岩,以高岭石…     

贵州威宁地区沉积型稀土含矿岩系成因与富集规律

贵州威宁地区宣威组底部稀土含矿岩系的成因类型一直有较大争议.在野外实地调查的基础上,运用矿物学、岩相古地理与地球化学等手段进行了系统性研究.结果显示,区内二叠系宣威组底部稀土含矿岩系广泛分布,连续性好,含矿段厚度为2~16 m,并伴生有铌、锆、镓等元素;稀土氧化物平均品位0.15%,最高可达1.60%.主量、微量和稀土元素分析表明威宁地区稀土含矿岩系中含有来自玄武岩及火山灰的典型矿物,稀土配分模式与玄武岩相比具有继承性,研究区化学风化作用较强、成分成熟度较高代表其经过长距离搬运,遭受了改造;峨眉山玄武岩为该稀土层提供了主要物质来源,稀土层受源岩成分的控制,经历了沉积分选及再循环作用,还遭受了来自上地壳的中酸性岩浆物质源区的混染.其成因机制可能为在晚二叠世炎热、潮湿、强风化的环境中,玄武岩经过风化剥蚀后,搬运至沉积基底低洼处的三角洲平原亚相中的洪泛平原微相环境,与火山灰一同沉积沉淀,在风化和淋滤作用下稀土等元素以离子形式被解析出来,从而被吸附性强的高岭石等黏土矿物吸附于表面,或进入矿物晶格,形成富稀土层.      

黔西上二叠统宣威组下段超常富集稀土元素的沉积环境分析

目前世界上稀土矿床类型主要包括中国内蒙古白云鄂博型稀土矿床、花岗岩型风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床、以及最新研究发现的深海远洋粘土沉积型稀土矿床。然而贵州西部毕节地区上二叠统宣威组下段高岭石质硬质粘土岩系超常富集稀土的成矿特征研究却并未引起人们的足够重视。最早发现并报道的是1∶20万威宁幅     

四川攀西地区层状基性-超基性岩体SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

应用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年,对攀西地区白马和太和含矿层状基性-超基性岩体的年龄进行研究,获得白马层状辉长岩体锆石U-Pb年龄为258±2Ma(95%可信度),太和层状辉长岩体锆石U-Pb年龄为262±2Ma(95%可信度)。结果表明,攀西地区的白马和太和含矿层状辉长岩体均形成于二叠纪晚期。该年龄信息显示了从层状辉长岩体的侵入到峨眉山玄武岩的喷发高峰期(250Ma)仅距5~10Ma,二者应属于同期不同阶段岩浆活动的产物。鉴于空间上层状辉长岩体与峨眉山玄武岩密切相关,基性-超基性岩体和玄武岩的形成均与晚古生代末期峨眉地幔柱活动有关。     

辽宁北镇石墨矿含矿岩石地球化学及SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究

辽宁北镇杜屯石墨矿矿体赋存于中元古界高于庄组,通过对矿区含矿岩石地球化学特征及碎屑锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb年代学开展系统研究,探讨了石墨矿床的形成时代及构造环境。地球化学特征表明,含矿岩石稀土元素含量较高,并富集Rb、Ba、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素;反映出原岩（沉积物质）主要来源于陆源碎屑物质,并有少量海源物质混入,为缺氧沉积环境。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年结果显示：碎屑锆石表面平均年龄为(2535.64±25.59) Ma,代表含矿层原岩沉积上限晚于早元古代早期;重结晶锆石表面年龄为(1216.75±12.33)~(1675.70±17.46) Ma,代表含矿层的沉积下限不晚于中元古代晚期;自生锆石表面平均年龄为(212.53±3.69) Ma,显示晚三叠世岩浆-构造热事件对晶质石墨的重结晶、富集成矿起到重要的控矿作用。因此杜屯石墨矿床成因归结为中元古代浅海环境沉积富含有机质的黑色岩系,在后期变质作用和晚三叠世岩浆活动影响下,黑色岩系碳质重结晶形成浅变质石墨矿床。     

滇东者海上二叠统宣威组下部地层碎屑锆石U-Pb测年及其地质意义

对滇东者海镇上二叠统宣威组下部砂岩样品进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得41个有效数据,年龄分布范围为252.4~2613.9 Ma.根据样品碎屑锆石晶体形态特征、Th/U值、稀土元素富集情况等,推测其物源区可能是川滇古陆。用样品中最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄来限定宣威组的最老沉积年龄,并约束峨眉山玄武岩喷发的结束时间为252.4±4.1 Ma,这为峨眉山大火成岩省活动过程的研究提供了重要信息。     

滇东北玄武岩相关铜矿类型特征分析

玄武岩中铜矿的含矿岩系是指上二叠统峨眉山玄武岩组(P2e)上部～宣威组(P2x)底部的一套含铜背景值较高、且有明显铜矿化及铜矿层存在的含矿火山地层组合。依据容矿主岩,可分为三种类型:玄武岩型铜矿、玄武岩含碳沉积岩夹层型铜矿及沉积间断面上铝土质泥岩铜矿。     

四川大佛岩及新华铝土矿床地质特征简介

四川南川大佛岩铝土矿床和乐山新华铝土矿床是目前我国已知铝土矿床中比较特殊的两个不同类型的矿床。前者含矿岩系由下石炭统大塘组与下二叠统梁山组组成,大塘组厚度较小,矿石质量较差;梁山组层位稳定,厚度较大,矿石质量较佳。新华铝土矿产于上二叠统峨眉山玄武岩侵蚀面上,虽矿层厚度变化大,规模较小,矿石质量较差,但仍具一定的工业意义和研究价值。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)