幕阜山复式花岗岩体锆石年代与微量元素对伟晶岩矿床成因的限定

江南成矿带晚侏罗世-早白垩世幕阜山复式花岗岩体内部及周缘发育多个早白垩世伟晶岩稀有金属矿床,成矿伟晶岩是否源自幕阜山复式岩体演化花岗岩浆高度分异还存在争议.幕阜山麦市等地发育含电气石、石榴石及白云母二长花岗岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄介于130~135 Ma,在误差范围内与区内大规模成矿伟晶岩年龄相当.与早期斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和白云母二长花岗岩（151~143 Ma）相比,晚期含电气石、石榴石及白云母二长花岗岩锆石具有较高的Hf、Ta、Nb、Th、U含量和较低的Th/U和Eu/Eu*比值,体现较高的演化程度,与岩石矿物组合及锆石结晶温度相一致.锆石年代与微量元素说明,幕阜山地区成矿伟晶岩可能是幕阜山复式岩体中早白垩世演化花岗岩浆进一步分异的产物.      

南天山东段白土滩二叠纪花岗质杂岩体锆石定年、地球化学及构造意义

白土滩花岗质杂岩体主要由黑云二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩构成。通过锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb法测得黑云二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩的年龄分别为(291±2)Ma和(277±3)Ma。岩石地球化学研究表明,与黑云二长花岗岩相比,花岗闪长岩中硅、碱较低,而铝较高;高∑REE和∑LREE,低铕负异常;富Cr,Zn,Sr,Zr,Ba和Hf,贫Rb,Ta和Th,Nb/Ta和Zr/Hf均升高,DI,Rb/Sr下降,从花岗闪长岩到黑云二长花岗岩表现出连续分异演化的趋势。结合区域地质特征认为,白土滩花岗质杂岩体为高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,其源区物质是含水的、碱性和高钾钙碱性的安山岩和玄武质安山岩,形成于南天山东段碰撞造山的碰撞-后碰撞阶段。     

江西雅山花岗岩岩浆演化及其Ta-Nb富集机制

雅山岩体是华南地区著名的富含钽铌矿的稀有金属花岗岩。从早阶段到晚阶段花岗岩中的云母的Li、F和Rb₂O含量逐渐升高,其类型变化为“黑鳞云母→Li-云母→锂云母”。锆石的Zr元素被Hf、U、Th、Y和P等元素的置换比例随着岩浆演化程度升高而增大。云母和锆石矿物成分变化特征与全岩体系的Zr/Hf、Nb/Ta比值不断下降而F、Li和P₂O₅含量逐渐升高的趋势一致,将可以用于指示岩浆演化程度。在岩浆演化过程中不断富集的P、F、Li元素增加了熔体中非桥氧数（NBO）,促使钽-铌元素在岩浆中的溶解度加大而逐渐富集,在最晚阶段的黄玉锂云母花岗岩具有最高的Ta、Nb元素含量。因此,雅山花岗岩具有较高的F、Li、P₂O₅含量是其岩浆演化及其Ta-Nb富集的重要机制。西华山花岗岩中的云母与雅山花岗岩中的锂云母相比,具有明显较低的F、Li、Rb₂O含量,表明西华山花岗岩的岩浆演化程度相对低于雅山花岗岩。西华山花岗岩中的钨富集与流体作用密切相关,体系氧逸度的降低促使了钨成矿。因此,岩浆演化程度的不同可能是造成华南稀有金属花岗岩发生不同成矿作用（如Ta-Nb矿和W矿）的重要原因。     

巴尔哲碱性花岗岩锆石稀土微量元素、U-Pb年龄及其成岩成矿指示

巴尓哲碱性花岗岩体是分布在我国东北兴蒙造山带中段的罕见超大型稀土、铌、铍、锆矿床。本文通过对碱性花岗岩东岩体（矿体）成矿期有关深色和浅色锆石进行阴极发光、电子探针成分和LA-ICP-MS的分析测试,利用锆石地球化学特征探讨了岩体成岩成矿作用的关系。岩体的锆石可分为浅色和深色两类,两类锆石阴极发光具有不同特征,浅色锆石可见较宽不连续振荡环带,部分锆石存在核幔分区;和浅色锆石相比,深色锆石边部或内部凹坑、裂纹处溶蚀结构更发育。两类锆石均富含Nb、U、Y和REE元素,但深色锆石具有更高的Fe含量。Ⅰ型浅色锆石轻稀土富集,重稀土分异明显,具有高Hf、Nb、Ta,低Y特征,Ⅱ型浅色锆石轻稀土亏损,重稀土分异不明显,其稀土元素球粒陨石分布模式具有明显的“M型”四分组效应,显示出熔体-流体结晶锆石的特征。深色锆石原生结晶部分稀土配分模式与浅色锆石Ⅱ型相似,轻稀土亏损,重稀土分异不明显,受流体改造部分∑REE无明显变化,但LREE和Nb、Ta、U、Th含量及Th/U比值降低。浅色锆石和深色锆石的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄相近,获得锆石U-Pb的结晶年龄为122.7±1.8Ma（MSWD=5.1）,与前人用Rb-Sr法及U-Pb法测定的年龄值一致;上述结果显示,巴尓哲岩体成矿期锆石具有幔源花岗岩来源特征,大型稀有稀土金属成矿物质的富集可能和源区经历的近期富集交代及岩体在富含F,Cl等挥发分流体-水环境下作用下经历分离结晶两个因素叠加有关。可以认为,巴尓哲富稀土花岗岩成岩与成矿作用是近于同时完成的。     

东昆仑山脉晚志留世-早侏罗世花岗类岩石中锆石微量元素地球化学特征及地质意义

为了更深入的认识东昆仑山脉岩浆作用和构造演化历史,本文采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)方法对东昆仑山脉中部和东部不同时代的花岗类岩石中锆石进行了系统的微量元素分析。东昆仑山脉晚志留世二长花岗岩和晚二叠世、晚三叠世、早侏罗世花岗岩中绝大多数锆石Th/U0.5,锆石的球粒陨石标准化REE配分曲线均为HREE相对于MREE和LREE富集,并且具有Ce正异常和Eu负异常,为典型的岩浆锆石。晚志留世二长花岗岩和晚二叠世、晚三叠世花岗岩锆石具有低的Ce正异常,高的Eu负异常;早侏罗世花岗岩锆石则具有高的Ce正异常,高Nb、Ta含量,低Eu负异常;晚二叠世花岗岩锆石还具有高∑REE、Y、Th、U含量;而晚三叠世花岗岩锆石则在所有样品中具有最高的Hf含量,是演化程度高的岩浆产物。除此之外,晚志留世、晚二叠世、晚三叠世和早侏罗世样品中部分锆石呈现LREE富集,说明它们在岩浆晚期可能遭受LREE富集热液的改造。根据锆石Ti温度计,计算出所有样品的结晶温度小于800℃,说明它们很有可能形成于富集流体的俯冲带环境。结合前人研究资料和所分析锆石的U-Pb年龄数据,对东昆仑山脉中古-中生代多期的构造-岩浆事件提供了新的约束:(1)晚志留世二长花岗岩的形成可能与一个小型洋盆的俯冲作用有关,其岩浆源区是地壳浅部的沉积基底;(2)晚二叠世花岗岩可能是在古特提斯洋向北俯冲过程中由于幔源岩浆使浅层地壳发生熔融形成;(3)晚三叠世-早侏罗世花岗岩在羌塘和昆仑-柴达木同碰撞过程形成。     

福建河田高分异花岗岩的矿物和全岩地球化学找矿标志研究

我国的华南地区是一个钨、锡、钼、铋、铀、铌钽、铅锌、稀有、稀土多金属成矿区。近年来,高精度年代学数据表明上述矿产集中爆发形成于晚侏罗世的165~150Ma。野外和实验证据表明,花岗岩可以划分为高分异花岗岩、低分异花岗岩和未分异花岗岩。从目前的研究结果来看,钨、锡、铌钽、锂、铍等成矿作用都与高分异花岗岩密切相关。建立与这些矿产有关高分异花岗岩的普适性的矿物学、矿物地球化学和全岩地球化学的指标,有助于判断植被覆盖严重和风化严重地区、数据积累较少的岩体的成矿潜力。位于福建省长汀县境内的河田花岗岩体新鲜露头少,大部分岩体都掩盖在厚厚的风化层下,且植被覆盖严重,但是该岩体中已发现多处锡、钨、铅锌矿(化)点。本研究发现,该岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄、石榴子石和全岩地球化学特征与江西西华山第二期成矿花岗岩具有高度相似性,因此推断河田岩体可能具有成钨锡多金属(超)大型矿的成矿潜力。此外,当花岗岩向高分异阶段不断演化的过程中,某些元素比值(例如Rb/Sr、Zr/Hf和Nb/Ta)可以作为衡量岩浆的结晶分异程度的参数;西华山和河田花岗岩在达到熔体-流体相互作用阶段时,全岩Zr含量和Zr/Hf比值大概在Zr=50×10-6和Zr/Hf=15处发生转折。同时,与不成矿花岗岩中的石榴子石相比,成矿花岗岩中石榴子石的Sn、Y和Yb元素含量明显升高,可达2~10倍,因此,高分异花岗岩的石榴子石的微量元素特征可能是重要的找矿标志之一。     

新疆贝勒库都克岩体的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

贝勒库都克正长花岗岩体位于东准噶尔贝勒库都克富碱花岗岩带中,该带由正长花岗岩、钠铁闪石花岗岩、钠闪石花岗岩体组成。通过对贝勒库都克正长花岗岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄测定,获得306±5 Ma的~(206)pb/~(238)U年龄,表明岩体侵位时代为晚石炭世末。结合前人的年龄数据限定了贝勒库都克富碱花岗岩带形成时代为晚石炭世末-早二叠世初(307～290 Ma)。岩石地球化学表明,贝勒库都克正长花岗岩具有富硅、碱、REE、Rb、Th、Ce、Nd、Hf元素,贫Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Eu、Nb、Zr元素,富集轻稀土,强负铕异常,(Ga/Al)×10~4=4～4.1,具有A_2型花岗岩特征。贝勒库都克富碱花岗岩的形成是紧随造山运动之后发生,形成于后碰撞阶段的张性构造环境中。     

藏北布若错超浅成花岗岩体地球化学特征及成因机制探讨

藏北布若错岩体是一个主要由花岗斑岩、流纹质碎斑熔岩组成的花岗岩体。岩体具有高硅,富钾,全碱含量较高,A/KNC值大于1.10的特征,属于强过铝质花岗岩类。CaO/Na2O>0.3,同时大离子亲石元素(LILE)K、Rb、Ba、Th及REE富集,高场强元素(HFSE)Ta、Nb、Zr、Hf相对亏损,中等Eu亏损,反映为地壳部分熔融形成的后碰撞花岗岩。岩体侵入侏罗系,全岩K-Ar法同位素年龄值94.8 Ma,是晚侏罗世末-早白垩世早期羌南陆块与羌北陆块之间发生陆内碰撞造山作用,地壳深部发生局部融熔形成岩浆,并沿断裂上涌至地壳上部超浅成环境侵位的花岗岩体。     

北山造山带花牛山岛弧东段钨矿床成矿时代和成矿动力学过程

北山造山带位于中亚造山带最南缘,为多期岛弧、蛇绿混杂岩拼贴而成的增生型造山带;晚古生代,北山造山带的构造活动引发强烈的花岗质岩浆活动,伴随有广泛的钨(钼)成矿作用;本文对北山南带花牛山岛弧三个典型含钨花岗岩体:盘陀山、鹰嘴红山及玉山岩体进行详细的锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学研究。SIMS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明该区成矿花岗岩分为两个侵入期次:(1)晚志留世月牙山-洗肠井蛇绿混杂岩南段出露花岗岩,其中,盘陀山二长花岗岩422.0±1.5Ma;盘陀山钾长花岗岩417.0±1.7Ma;鹰咀红山钾长花岗岩424.0±1.3Ma;(2)晚二叠世柳园蛇绿混杂带北侧玉山花岗岩体,定年结果为280.8±3.0Ma。岩石地球化学研究表明盘陀山-鹰嘴红山花岗岩带为过铝质S型花岗岩,玉山岩体为A型花岗岩。岩体稀土含量较高,具右倾型稀土配分模式,LREE分异强烈,HREE分异不明显,样品Eu亏损强烈。原始地幔标准化蛛网图中总体显示较为一致的分布模式,大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr呈现明显负异常,富集Th、U、Pb、Zr、Hf等元素而亏损高场强元素Ta、Nb、Ti、P。结合晚古生代北山构造演化过程,推断国庆-鹰嘴红山钨矿为公婆泉岛弧与花牛山岛弧碰撞阶段形成,而玉山钨矿床为晚华力西期弧后伸展构造背景的产物。     

蒙古阿尔泰哈勒赞布勒格泰碱性岩有关的Zr-Nb-Ta-REE矿床地质特征、地球化学与成因初探SCIEI北大核心CSCD

哈勒赞布勒格泰稀有稀土矿床产出于蒙古国阿尔泰地区,是一处与碱性杂岩体有关的超大型Zr-Nb-Ta-REE矿床。该杂岩体具有多期次侵位和多岩相的特征,主要由含钠铁闪石和霓石的碱长正长岩、英碱正长岩、碱长花岗岩、蚀变碱长花岗岩和碱长花岗伟晶岩等组成,并被碱性辉长岩和辉绿岩侵入。其中,蚀变碱长花岗岩发生了全岩Zr、Nb、Ta和REE矿化,并具有广泛的热液交代特征。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,该杂岩体中的长英质碱性岩和基性碱性岩具有相似的侵位年龄,均为~400Ma,侵入于~463Ma的黑云母正长花岗岩中。主微量元素地球化学研究显示,该杂岩体具有强过碱性的特征。岩浆演化主要受到碱性长石分异的控制,使硅逐渐聚集于晚期粒间熔体之中,并逐渐演化为英碱正长岩和碱长花岗岩。这个过程使岩浆的过碱性特征不断加强,也使钠铁闪石和霓石逐渐富集。杂岩体的岩浆演化经历了一定程度的锆石、富集稀土的磷灰石、独居石和磷钇矿以及富集Nb的异性石的分异,使Zr、Nb、Ta和REE等成矿元素在岩浆的演化过程中没有得到显著的富集,因此岩浆的演化并非是该杂岩体中稀有稀土元素发生矿化的关键因素。在蚀变碱长花岗岩的石英、碱性长石和钠铁闪石中,普遍发育顺着晶格生长的“雪球状”钠长石,是碱性花岗质共结岩浆演化晚期流体发生周期性饱和并释放,造成Ab周期性过饱和而沉淀的结果。流体的周期性过饱和及释放萃取成矿元素并汇聚于蚀变碱长花岗岩,造成其Zr、Nb、Ta和REE等元素与硅含量相似但未发生蚀变的碱长花岗岩相比富集了近10倍,因此这是发生矿化的根本原因。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of