水基钻井液在陕北石油钻井中的应用

针对陕北地层特征的差异性,在分析、研究陕北靖边、甘泉、安塞、延长油区等地区100多口直井和定向丛式井的基础上,总结出一套适应该地层特征的低固相(固相含量≤8%)及无固相水基钻井液配方:在施工直井时,配制低固相水基钻井液;在施工定向丛式井时,配制无固相水基钻井液。在陕北石油钻井施工中,根据地层差异性配制的水基钻井液,解决了因地层原因引起的缩径、粘钻、坍塌和掉块等常见的钻进难题,避免了起下钻拉活塞现象和粘钻、卡钻、埋钻事故,提高了平均机械钻速和钻月效率。     

丛式平台钻井技术在陕北油田开发中的应用

介绍了丛式平台钻井及其技术经济优势,分析了其在陕北油田生产应用客观必要性,通过丛式井与单井施工统计数据对比分析,阐述取得的显著的规模钻井、资源环境、技术经济和社会效益,为同类油气田、页岩气、煤层气等大中型沉积矿床开发提供参考。     

陕北石油钻井施工应注意的几个技术问题

结合陕北石油钻井的实际情况,提出了三个值得注意的技术问题,对陕北的石油钻探生产有一定的借鉴作用.     

西安地质矿产研究所石油开发技术服务中心1995年在陕北石油地质市场初见成效

西安地质矿产研究所石油开发技术服务中心１９９５年在陕北石油地质市场初见成效西安地质矿产研究所石油开发技术服务中。Ｃ在所领导的大力支持下，经过樊钧副所长对陕北石油地质市场一年多的认真、细致考察，于１９９４年１２月开始运行，１９９５年在陕北石油地质市场初...     

陕北石油开发现状及前景展望

陕北石油资源丰富，具埋藏浅，分布广特点，在一定时期内开发前景广阔。本文对年近陕北各县石油开发状况作了介绍，同时对石油开发中存在的技术问题提出措施与建议。     

关于大地质大市场战略的思考—陕北石油钻井市场考察

在大地质大市场的思想指导下，通过对陕北石油钻井市场的调研，论述了陕北石油钻井市场的资源状况，开发现状以及几点意见和建议，对煤田地质队伍参与石油钻井市场的竞争可能有所裨益。     

塔河油田AT9井区丛式井钻井实践与认识

为了解决塔河油田环保要求高、征地难度大、开发管理不便等难题, AT9井区首次采用丛式井钻井技术对碎屑岩油藏进行综合开发部署。针对AT9井区地质工程难点及丛式井直井段防碰的特殊要求,对井位选址、平台布局、井眼轨道及井身结构进行优化设计。详细介绍了钻井过程中采用的MWD随钻监测防碰、PDC＋直螺杆复合钻井、钻井液等关键钻井技术,分析了丛式井组的技术合理性和开发经济性,验证了丛式井钻井技术在AT9井区的适用性,为塔河油田的经济高效开发进行了有效的探索。     

白杨河矿区煤层气丛式井钻井难点及对策研究

新疆阜康市白杨河矿区煤层气开发利用先导性示范工程是新疆第一个煤层气示范工程项目。白杨河矿区总体构造为向南倾斜的单斜构造,地层倾角大,煤层多且间距大。该示范工程开发方案主要井型为丛式井。经过多年钻井实践,丛式井钻井技术在鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层气区块已经非常成熟,初步形成了一套适合该地区煤层气开发的丛式井钻井技术。由于白杨河矿区地质条件与鄂尔多斯盆地东缘各区块相比差异大,特别是存在地层倾角大、煤层多且间距大等地质特点,因此不能完全照搬原有的丛式井钻井技术。本文依据白杨河矿区地质资料,分析了白杨河矿区煤层气丛式井钻井难点,对解决该区块钻井难点的技术对策和攻关思路进行了总结与阐述,初步形成了一套适合白杨河矿区大倾角厚煤层的丛式井钻井技术。     

普光105丛式井平台井身结构的设计与应用

分析了丛式井在解决普光气田地质不确定、地表环境复杂等问题方面的技术优势。在对普光气田井身结构必封点分析的基础上,确定了各层套管下深范围,以此为据,优化出适用于普光气田水平井的2套井身结构方案。以普光105丛式井平台为例,分别对普光105-1水平井和普光105-2井的井身结构进行了优化设计,并对其钻井施工效果进行了总结与分析。应用实践证明,丛式井有助于缩短该地区的钻井周期、降低复杂失效、提高钻井速度,具有较为广阔的应用前景。     

提高陕北石油钻井效率的途径

从陕北石油钻井的实践出发，结合自身的特点，分析了利用煤田地质钻井设备开展石油钻井的途径。重点分析了设备、钻具组合、钻头、泥浆工艺等影响因素，提出了改进措施。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an