地震作用下边坡稳定性分析

考虑了边坡岩土体材料的动力特性以及地震特性,利用动力有限元时程分析方法对边坡在地震荷载作用下的动力特性进行了分析,采用最小平均安全系数对边坡稳定性进行了评价,并与拟静力法的结果进行了对比分析,对某具体工程实例计算结果表明该分析方法的可行性,可为地震作用下边坡工程设计工作提供一些有益的参考。     

《岩质边坡动力反应分析》

本书是一本关于岩质边坡动力反应分析的专著。全书对边坡动力反应分析进行了较为系统的回顾,分析了边坡动力反应的工程地质因素、边坡动力反应的工程地质模型以及边坡特别是单方面边坡在简谐波和地震波作用下的动力响应规律,给出了单面边坡两种不同的动力反应形式、     

Dynamic stability analysis of rock slope considering the strength vibration degradation of through-type rock discontinuitiesEI北大核心

考虑结构面抗剪强度震动退化效应对分析与评价岩质边坡动力稳定性具有重要意义。基于岩石动力试验获取了多因素影响的结构面强度震动退化系数方程,结合极限平衡理论和动态矢量法原理,以UDEC程序作为计算引擎,采用其内置Fish语言编程实时刷新结构面强度特性参数和捕获任意地震历时时刻边坡地震惯性力,并以最小平均安全系数法求解边坡最终动力稳定性评价指标值,从而提出了一种考虑结构面强度震动退化的边坡动力稳定性系数动态算法。研究表明:结构面强度震动退化系数是取决于岩块间循环剪切次数、循环剪切幅度及相对运动速度响应值的动态变量;将该算法应用于含贯通型平直状结构面边坡动力稳定性算例中,其分析结果表明,动力作用时程内考虑结构面强度震动退化的边坡动力稳定性系数较未考虑该效应时的系数衰减更为明显,即前者计算结果更符合一般性自然规律,亦即验证了该算法的可行性;结构面最小强度震动退化系数随动力激励时程变化近似呈负指数函数形式逐渐衰减,且当结构面初始黏聚力(内摩擦角)越大、而坡角(层面倾角)或动荷载幅值(频率)越小时,地震历时过程中边坡最小动力稳定性系数越大,此时边坡最终动力稳定性相对越强。     

地震作用下边坡随机动力分析方法的若干进展

不确定性问题是边坡工程抗震设计所面临的巨大挑战。为此, 本文综述了近年来在边坡随机动力分析方法方面的相关研究, 并探讨了此类分析方法在边坡工程抗震设计中的应用前景。首先, 回顾了在边坡动力稳定性方面的已有研究成果, 分析了边坡工程中所涉及的不确定性问题。其次, 总结了边坡随机动力分析的流程, 引入了一种基于概率密度演化的边坡随机动力分析框架。然后重点介绍了随机动力分析中的地震动不确定性, 通过典型台站实测资料说明了地震动不确定性的存在性, 介绍了基于场地特征的随机地震动模型。在此基础上, 阐述了边坡随机动力分析的具体内容, 主要包括:(1)边坡随机动力响应分析; (2)边坡动力可靠度分析; (3)边坡地震易损性分析; (4)边坡动力失稳及风险评估; (5)边坡抗震性能优化设计等。最后, 回顾了边坡随机动力分析方法的若干进展, 分析了所取得的成果并进行了展望。总的来说, 边坡随机动力分析将确定性分析拓展到了基于完备概率集的不确定性分析, 为边坡工程抗震设计提供了一定的理论参考, 但在随机地震动模拟、多随机因素耦合、支护结构优化设计等方面仍需进一步完善。     

含软弱层岩质边坡的动力响应研究

含软弱层岩质边坡的动力响应研究已成为边坡工程稳定性分析中的一个重要问题。为研究软弱层的特性对岩质边坡动力响应的影响,提供动力荷载作用下边坡防灾减灾的指导依据,运用UDEC离散元软件模拟地震力作用下含软弱层岩质边坡的动力响应系统地分析软弱层的倾角、埋深、弹性模量、厚度、泊松比和剪切刚度等因素对地震波放大现象的影响,得出边坡坡顶放大系数的变化规律,即随着软弱层倾角的增大,放大系数呈现出增大→减小→再增大→再减小,并出现地震响应减弱的现象;放大系数随软弱层埋深和厚度的增加而增大,但随弹性模量、剪切刚度的增大而减小,随泊松比的增加几乎不变。结合非重复性试验二元方差分析评价理论,对所得的放大系数进行计算分析,得出软弱层的特性因素对边坡放大作用的影响强度为软弱层的倾角＞埋深＞弹性模量＞剪切刚度＞厚度＞泊松比。研究结果有助于进一步揭示地震作用下边坡的失稳机制, 对震区边坡灾害的防治有一定的指导意义。     

加筋土边坡地震稳定性动点安全系数分析方法

对于地震作用下的土工合成材料加筋土边坡,边坡内部结构的动力响应十分复杂,按照已有的安全系数的方法评价比较困难。结合安全储备系数的原理,并考虑到水平方向和竖直方向地震荷载的共同作用,提出求解加筋土边坡地震稳定性的动点安全系数时程分析方法。在理论分析的基础上,分别定义加筋土边坡土体、土工合成材料和筋-土界面的动点安全系数,并建立数值模型。根据所定义的动点安全系数,在计算过程中使用开发的计算工具对动力响应过程中的动力特性数据进行记录、计算和存储,得到加筋土边坡数值模型在地震荷载作用下的动点安全系数。分析结果表明：动点安全系数时程分析方法具有良好的工程适用性;动点安全系数时程分析方法对复杂的加筋土边坡工程进行的地震稳定性分析考虑了加筋土边坡不同结构的综合稳定性,比现有的分析方法更明确地反应出加筋土边坡工程中相对薄弱的结构,对加筋土边坡工程的抗震设计提供一定参考价值;相比水平方向的地震,竖直方向的地震作用对加筋土边坡中筋材和筋-土界面的稳定性影响较大,但对加筋土边坡土体稳定性影响较小。     

澜沧江某水电站泄洪洞出口边坡稳定性评价

岩土质边坡是一种自然地质体，其稳定性在很大程度上具有不确定性、模糊性。模糊分析是边坡稳定性分析的有效途径之一。文章采用模糊数学分析法，构建了二次模糊综合评判模型，对影响边坡稳定性的诸多因素进行了分类归纳，并根据不同的稳定状态，将边坡划分为5个等级，再结合某水电站右岸泄洪洞出口开挖边坡稳定性的实际问题，利用梯形函数构建了与该边坡稳定性分析相关因素的隶属函数、运用专家评分法确定了各因素的权重，最终对该边坡的稳定性进行了评价。结果表明该评价分析结果与实际相吻合，评价效果较好。     

基于非线性理论的边坡稳定性评价模型

边坡稳定问题涉及到各类水利、港工、铁路和工业民用建筑工程。由于影响边坡稳定性的因素较多，而且其变形破坏机理复杂，边坡稳定性问题迄今仍然受到理论研究和工程实践的关注。本文采用非线性理论和方法来研究边坡的变形破坏机理，并建立稳定性评价模型。以分叉和突变理论引出突变级数来表征边坡的状态，并用神经网络从中获取稳定性评价和判断的知识，进而构建系统，并对各类边坡稳定状态做出分析评价。实例分析证明了该方法的有效性。     

爆破震动对某边坡稳定性影响的数值模拟

爆破震动是影响边坡稳定性的一个重要因素之一。结合实际工程文章利用了拉格朗日有限差分法FLAC程序对爆破震动作用下某边坡进行了数值模拟。讨论了利用FLAC进行边坡动力分析时设置边界条件设置、动力时程的合成、输入以及转化,阻尼的合理选取。从位移场和速度场进行了详细的动力分析。获得该边坡爆破震动特征及位移场、振动速度场的变化规律。研究成果对保证边坡安全具有较好的指导作用。     

传递函数分析在边坡振动台模型试验的应用探讨

传递函数分析对获取振动系统的动力特性参数及估算动力响应具有重要意义。边坡地震模拟振动台模型试验可求算两种传函：反映边坡各点的场地地震动特征的绝对加速度传函（基于测点实测加速度时程）和反映坡体本身振动性质的相对加速度传函（基于测点与坡脚即台面间的实测加速度相对时程）。以弹性体振动方程分析和试验实测,探讨了边坡振动台模型试验中动力特性参数计算的传函选择和以传递函数对动力响应的估算,得出结论：（1）不同于机械模态分析（以绝对传函的模和虚部计算动力特性参数具有等价性）,对于边坡模型试验,绝对传函实部和模混入了台面加速度影响,以绝对传函虚部或相对传函虚部才能正确计算动力特性参数;（2）传递函数和台面输入波形Fourier谱的逐频相乘得到动力响应估算谱,与测点实测响应Fourier谱吻合较良好,这种估算方法有助于对不同地震波作用下的边坡动力响应作出总体评价,并指导模型试验中地震波形的合理选取。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of