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三角高程法超长距离跨海高程传递实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对三角高程法跨海高程传递测量误差的来源问题,该文提出了基于三角高程法的超长距离跨海高程传递方法,设计了具体的测量方案,包括跨海场地选定与布设,观测标灯设计与制作,跨海观测时段数、测回数及组数设计,观测程序与观测方法、观测成果的限差验算与成果取舍等,并提出了跨海高程传递精度评定的两种方法。在平潭海峡公铁两用大桥工程现场选定两条跨海线进行了实验研究,实验结果表明,13.9km和18.0km跨距的跨海高差平差值与已知高差的较差均小于二等水准测量限差,每千米跨海高程测量中数的中误差分别为±0.68mm和±0.63mm。 相似文献
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针对海中测量平台晃动条件下全站仪垂直角观测的难题,提出了一种基于掌上电脑的连续多次重复记录垂直角读数取均值的观测方法,以最大限度地削弱平台晃动对垂直角观测值的影响,从而实现高精度的跨海高程传递测量;研发了基于掌上电脑的外业测量记录软件,可显著提高作业效率及成果精度。工程实例分析结果显示,路线总长约16.7 km的跨海水准闭合环的高差闭合差为-15.3 mm,符合国家二等水准测量的规定要求。该方法已在港珠澳大桥跨海高程传递中得到成功应用,可在其他类似跨海桥隧工程建设中推广。 相似文献
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水准测量作业简单、精度高,成为高程控制测量的主要方法,但在高山地区因高差大,精度难以保证。现在用三角高程测量代替水准测量得到了广泛应用。本文从三角高程的测量原理出发,根据误差传播定律,推导出全站仪中间法三角高程测量的中误差。最后以云南曲靖市某路段为例,将全站仪中间法三角高程测量和水准测量的数据进行了对比,结果表明:全站仪中间法三角高程测量的精度完全可以达到三等水准测量的要求。 相似文献
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叶昆平 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(9):193-196
对精密三角高程测量原理及长距离对向观测高差精度进行了分析,针对不同长度跨海水准提出两种观测方案,其中改进的中间法比线性结构观测方式减少了设站数,提高了作业效率.结果表明,在三处跨海水准取得的成果均达到二等水准测量精度要求. 相似文献
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随着全自动智能型全站仪的发展及光学水准仪的逐步淘汰,精密三角高程测量在跨河高程传递方面应用广泛。本文详细介绍了基于全自动照准全站仪的精密三角高程测量的四边形跨河水准测量方法的原理及步骤,并对该方法中对向观测获取跨河点间高差进行了理论推导和精度分析,证明了控制在一定跨河距离内并采取相应措施消除其他误差的情况下,该方法可用于二等水准跨河测量;最后通过实例证实了该方法能满足二等跨河水准测量精度要求。 相似文献
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针对跨海桥梁高程基准传递的技术难题,该文阐述了GPS高程拟合的基本原理,分析了高程拟合中的几个关键技术问题,总结出了GPS高程拟合的技术要点及提高拟合精度的措施。提出了基于二次多项式曲面的跨海桥梁工程GPS高程拟合方法,利用港珠澳大桥工程区域内的21个高精度GPS水准点建立二次多项式曲面拟合模型,并用另外7个点进行检核。结果显示:模型的内符合精度为±8.7mm,外符合精度为±12.4mm,2个海中测量平台控制点的拟合高程达到二等水准测量精度要求。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
介绍“4D”(即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图)系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献