地层概况

本区地层区划属于塔里木区莎车分区的喀什和英吉莎两个小区。区内中新生代地层随断陷盆地呈条带状分布,不整合于古生代地层之上,在天山前缘由北向南从老到新依次出露,而昆仑山前缘则与之相反,岩层北倾。本区上白垩统和下第三系为正常海相及滨海泻湖相沉积。含有以海相双壳类、介形虫及有孔虫为主的动物群及孢粉、藻类等化石。上第三系虽以陆相碎屑沉积为主,但下部仍有海陆过渡相的沉积,含有广盐度有孔虫和介形虫化石。上白垩统到第三系总厚4000—9000米,现从老到新将各组地层介绍如下:     

陆相下白垩统阜新阶重新厘定及其层型剖面

实测辽宁省建昌县冰沟剖面,选择其为单位层型;开展岩石地层、多门类生物化石和沉积相分析等系统研究,重新厘定陆相阜新阶定义。建昌冰沟组主要由砾岩、砂岩、泥岩和煤层组成,分成三个岩段,第二段为煤系地层。该组为陆相湖盆扇三角洲沉积体系,相序叠置分析属砂砾坝、分流河道、泥沙坪、泥炭沼泽和洪积平原等沉积环境。通过研究以叶肢介为主的化石发生和演变序列,及综合前人研究资料,阜新阶生物地层划分包括叶肢介组合带3个、孢粉化石组合2个、双壳类组合1个和介形虫组合2个。底界层型定在小冰沟村西单一浅湖相地层中,生物标志为叶肢介Orthestheropsis originalis的始现。依据孢粉和介形虫化石资料,阜新阶对比为国际地层表早白垩世巴列姆阶(Barremian)~阿尔必阶(Albian)。     

新疆罗布泊K1孔岩心中有孔虫化石的发现及其意义

笔者在新疆罗布泊Ｋ１孔第四纪沉积物中,首次发现丰富的有孔虫化石（Ａｍｍｏｎｉａ）及与其伴生的介形虫和轮藻化石。Ａｍｍｏｎｉａ是中新世至观在世界上常见属种,属海陆过渡相种群,第四纪罗布泊已距海遥远,不可能发生海侵,根据塔里木盆地新生代浸侵史,认为罗布泊Ｋ１孔第四纪沉积物中有有孔虫来源于残留海。     

江苏省第四纪介形虫古生态分析及海侵地层

<正> 1977年起,笔者对江苏省平原区100多个水文地质钻孔中的5000多块第四系岩芯样品做了微体古生物分析,获得了大量的介形虫、有孔虫、轮藻、硅藻、有壳变形虫、苔藓虫等化石,为第四纪地层的划分和对比、古地理研究提供了可靠依据。本文目的是通过对介形虫为主的古生态分析,识别不同类型的生态组合,进而阐明第四纪海侵地层的特征及其沉积环境。     

中国非海相晚中生代介形虫、孢粉生物地层

我国中生代晚期的陆相地层分布广泛,发育良好,沉积厚度巨大,层序全,含有极其丰富的介形虫及孢粉生物群,其类型多样,属种繁多,垂直变化明显,演化迅速,对于研究其赋存岩层的沉积环境,时代划分及对比具有重要的地层学价值。     

泥河湾盆地第四系有孔虫化石群锶同位素及其古环境意义

泥河湾组含有孔虫化石层位的沉积环境问题存在很大争议。本文从生物壳体的锶同位素地球化学特征对其中的有孔虫进行了进一步研究。样品采自泥河湾小渡口剖面27,28层的有孔虫化石(NonionshansiensisWang)和与其共生的介形虫和腹足类。同时,对该剖面22层介形虫以及流经该剖面的桑干河和支流壶流河河水的87Sr／86Sr值也进行了测定。结果表明,有孔虫壳体87Sr／86Sr值为0.71190～0．712018,介形虫壳体为0．710612～0．711481,腹足类碎片为0．710299～0．712057,壶流河为0．709960,合流前桑干河为0．711721,合流后桑干河为0．71150     

山东聊城地区中新世生物地层学研究

通过对山东聊城许营地区Ⅱ20、Ⅶ14钻孔石炭-二叠系与第四系(平原组)之间新近纪地层中孢粉化石和介形虫化石研究，建立了一个Magnastriatites-Ulmipollenites-Liquidambar pollenites孢粉组合和一个Limnoc ythere gudaoensis-Cyprinotus(Heterocy pris)formalis-Candona planus介形虫组合。上述孢粉组合和介形虫组合经与山东北部、渤海海域、江苏北部、陕西渭河盆地、松辽盆地、东海陆架盆地龙井构造带等地新近纪地层对比，其地质时代应归属于新近纪中中新世。     

泛巽他盆山体系北部湾古泥沼旋回与古生态效应

南海西北部北部湾在地质环境方面与狭义巽他陆架相似而成为一体构成泛巽他,同属青藏高原及其挤出阶梯地貌盆山体系。然而,关于其指示环境变化和碳循环的古泥沼分布及其气候-构造驱动机制、作用与联系等缺乏关注,其研究滞后于上述热点巽他陆架相关进展。为加强对这些内容的认识,本文的研究在北部湾北部华南陆缘沉降带进行了80.05 m进尺第四系全岩心钻取,立足于沉积物微体古生物、粒度、碎屑矿物组分、微量元素含量等基础沉积环境指标的实验测试、鉴定以及测年数据,并结合前人相关资料和结果进行综合分析。结果表明,岩心底部年龄为中更新世后期171.0 ka,孢粉化石呈热带和亚热带植被面貌,主要有栲属、栎属等以及鳞盖蕨属、水龙骨科等,其含量变化显示出3个主要气候变化阶段,与倒数第二冰盛期、末次间冰期、末次冰期以及冰消期等相联系,从56.0 ka始见有半咸水种硅藻化石条纹小环藻、柱状小环藻等,有孔虫化石出现于中全新世6.0 ka接受海进。总体上以砂为主,但局部粉砂和黏土(泥)含量较高,最高依次可达65.78%、59.71%,元素含量为2.6×10^-6～347×10^-6,碎屑矿...     

参考文献

石化部石油勘探开发规划研究院、中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,1978,渤海沿岸地区新生代有孔虫.科学出版社。何炎、胡兰英、王克良,1965,江苏东部第四纪有孔虫。中国科学院地质古生物研究所集刊,第四号,pp.51—162.汪品先、闵秋宝、卞云华,1980,南黄海西北部底质中有孔虫、介形虫分布规律及其地质意义。海洋微体古生物论文集,海洋出版社.郑守仪、郑执中等,1978,山东省打渔张灌区第四纪有孔虫及其沉积环境的初步探讨.海洋科学集刊13集.郝诒纯、曾学鲁,1979,新疆喀什地区第三纪有孔虫组合及沉积环境的初步分析.中国微体古生物学会第一次学术会论文选集,6—14页.     

中全新世福建沿海地区海平面波动：基于NDQK5岩芯介形类化石记录

福建沿海地区第四系较为发育,是研究晚更新世以来相对海平面变化的理想区域。本文以福建宁德NDQK5岩芯中产出的高分辨率介形类化石为研究对象,结合加速器质谱法(accelerator mass spectrometry, AMS)14C和光释光测年技术建立岩芯年代框架,重建了中全新世期间福建沿海地区的相对海平面变化。结果显示,NDQK5岩芯中的介形类化石记录主要分布于4~17. 1 m段,对应年代约为8. 2~6. 9 ka BP。岩芯内共计识别出海相介形类23属26种,根据优势种以及特征种的相对丰度变化特征可将岩芯内的介形类动物群划分为3个组合：① 介形类组合A以Bicornucythere bisanensis和Sinocytheridea impressa为主,代表潮下带环境;② 介形类组合B以Sinocytheridea impressa和Neomonoceratina delicata为优势种,指示近岸内陆架的沉积环境;③ 介形类组合C以Sinocytheridea impressa和Loxoconcha ocellifera为主,代表潮间带的沉积环境。基于介形类组合的分布特征,本文推断福建沿海地区海平面约在8. 2~7. 4 ka BP期间持续上升,并在约7. 9~7. 4 ka BP区间达到最高;7. 4~7. 0 ka BP期间海平面下降,随后再次上升。因此,介形类化石记录指示福建沿海地区在全新世高海平面背景下依然存在相对海平面的次一级波动。同时,结合已有福建沿海地区海平面变化驱动机制的研究结果,本研究推断8. 2~7 ka BP期间福建沿海地区的海平面变化可能主要受控于冰盖融水;7 ka BP后该地区的海平面波动可能受控于“冰川- 水均衡调整”作用。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with     

PALEOZOOLOGY

正20141609 Chen Guiying(College of Earth Sciences,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China);Han Nairen New Materials of Stylophora from the Upper Cambrian of the Jingxi Area,Guangxi,South China(Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,ISSN0001-6616,CN32-1188Q,52(3),2013,p.288-293,2 illus.,12 refs.)Key words:Stylophora,Guangxi     

GEOPHYSICS

正20140634 Cao Lingmin(Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China);Xu Yi Finite Difference Tomography of the Crustal Velocity Structure in Tengchong,Yunnan Province(Chinese Journal of Geophysics,ISSN0001-5733,CN11-2074/P,56(4),2013,p.1159-1167,6illus.,35refs.,with English abstract)