Petroleum geology and exploration direction of gas province in deepwater area of North Carnarvon Basin,Australia

North Carnarvon Basin is a gas province with minor oily sweet spots in deepwater area with water depth more than 500 m, which is one of the hot spots of global petroleum exploration for its series of giant hydrocarbon discoveries in recent years. However, the degree of oil and gas exploration in deepwater area is still low, and the conditions for oil and gas accumulation are not clear. Based on the current exploration situation and latest database of fields, applying multidisciplinary analysis of hydrocarbon geology, hydrocarbon accumulation elements and its exploration direction of North Carnarvon Basin in deepwater area are analyzed. The results show that there are three sets of main source rocks in deepwater area of North Carnarvon Basin, which are Triassic marine shale in Locker Formation and delta coal-bearing mudstone with thin carbonaceous mudstone in Mungaroo Formation, Lower –Middle Jurassic paralic carbargilite and coal measure strata in Athol Formation and Murat Formation, Cretaceous delta mudstone in Barrow Group and marine shale in Muderong Formation. Most source rock samples show gas-prone capability. The coarse sandstone of delta facies in Middle–Upper Triassic Mungaroo Formation is the most important reservoir in deepwater area, Lower Cretaceous Barrow Group deep-water gravity flow or underwater fan turbidite sandstone is the secondly main reservoir. Lower Cretaceous marine shale in Muderong Formation is most important regional caprock. Triassic mudstone in Mungaroo Formation is an important interlayer caprock in deepwater area. There are two main reservoir accumulation assemblages in deepwater area, one is Triassic structural-unconformity plane reservoir accumulation assemblage of Locker Formation to Mungaroo Formation, and the other is Lower–Middle Jurassic Athol Formation and Murat Formation–Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic lithology-structural reservoir accumulation assemblage of Barrow Group to Muderong Formation. There are three main control factors of hydrocarbon Accumulation: One is coupling of source and seal control hydrocarbon distribution area, the second is multi-stage large wave dominated deltas dominate accumulation zone, the third is direction of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in hydrocarbon-rich generation depression was controlled by overpressure. The south of Exmouth platform in deepwater area is adjacent to hydrocarbon rich depression zone, reservoir assemblage is characterized by “near source rocks, excellent reservoir facies, high position and excellent caprocks ”, which is the main battlefield of deepwater oil and gas exploration in North Carnarvon Basin at present. There are a lot of fault block traps in the northern structural belt of Exmouth platform, and the favorable sedimentary facies belt at the far end of delta plain in Mungaroo Formation is widely distributed, which is the next favorable exploration zone. The Lower Cretaceous, which is located at the concave edge uplift adjacent to the investigator depression and the Exmouth platform, also has a certain exploration prospect in northwest of deepwater area.     

梨树断陷双龙地区火山发育特征及油气成藏规律

松辽盆地梨树断陷双龙地区白垩系火石岭组发育中心式和裂隙式两种喷发型火山,其在发育规模、油气成藏等方面存在不同。中心式喷发型火山活动剧烈,持续时间长,火山岩分布面积广,厚度大,岩性从基性火山岩逐渐向中性火山岩转变;裂隙式喷发型火山活动弱,持续时间短,火山岩分布面积小,厚度薄,岩性主要为中性火山岩。中心式喷发型火山与湖盆水体相邻,形成火山-湖泊沉积环境,火山岩、砂砾岩、深湖-半深湖泥岩交替沉积,使得中心式喷发型火山发育区的火石岭组具有良好的生、储、盖条件,并形成自生自储型生储盖组合方式;裂隙式喷发型火山远离湖盆水体,火山岩的分布与深湖相泥岩没有直接接触,加之储层物性差,因此裂隙式喷发型火山发育区的火石岭组油气成藏条件差。通过对研究区钻井、试油、地震等资料的综合分析认为,研究区西部中心式喷发型火山发育区是火石岭组有利的勘探区域,其烃源岩为深湖-半深湖泥岩,储集体包括火山碎屑岩、砂砾岩和火山岩,储集空间主要为裂缝和孔隙。     

准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区清水河组成藏特征及模式

准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区位于中央坳陷莫索湾凸起上,紧邻盆地的主要生排烃凹陷,成藏条件优越。白垩系清水河组具有良好油气显示,盆参2井试油荻油流,该区为清水河组高效油藏勘探新领域。运用地质、工程、地震一体化研究技术,对莫索湾地区清水河组油藏类型、主控因素、成藏特征以及成藏模式进行了分析。莫索湾地区构造位置有利,深层油源断裂和浅层运移断裂发育且匹配良好,油藏类型为"泥包砂"型高效岩性油藏;同时,广泛发育水进型滨浅湖退积滩坝砂体,储层质量优良,物性随埋深增加变好。油气藏符合烃源灶+断裂泵+岩性体的"三位一体"成藏总模式,烃源灶是起点和油源,断裂泵是动力和通道,岩性体是载体和圈闭,三者共同控制了清水河组油气的生成、运移、聚集和成藏以及油气藏的类型和分布。     

羌塘盆地现代泥火山的发现及其油气地质意义

在羌塘盆地唢呐湖地区发现现代泥火山,通过采集泥浆样、水样等样品,开展水化学离子、水溶烃类气体、碳氢氧稳定同位素等测试分析,对现代泥火山的油气地质意义进行了探讨。水化学类型和氢氧同位素表明,该地区地下可能存在油气藏;水溶烃类气体测试结果表明,气体成分为C1~C5,以甲烷为主,与常规气藏的气体成分一致;碳同位素判别结果表明,其为热解成因的油成气。结合泥火山的地质背景,表明泥火山为油气藏破坏渗漏的产物,在保存良好的未泄露地区,油气勘探具有良好前景。     

论优质源储耦合关系的控藏作用:对比松南致密油与松北致密气成藏条件

为了更清晰地理解优质烃源岩和优质储层的耦合关系在致密油气成藏过程中的控制作用,本文应用地化测试、恒速压汞、常规压汞、含烃流体包裹体等多种资料,对比了松辽盆地南部致密油和松辽盆地北部致密气的成藏条件。研究表明：1）优质源岩生、排烃中心基本吻合超压高值区,超压到达的边界就是致密油气富集边界。2）孔喉结构约束下的松南泉四段优质储层渗透率下限为0.10×10^-3 μm²,松北沙河子组优质储层的渗透率下限为0.05×10^-3 μm²。3）时间上,形成致密油气藏的前提条件是源储之间应具备"先致密后成藏"的匹配关系,这是决定其成藏机理的根本;空间上,2个研究区的"甜点区"均发育在近源、强压、高渗的优质源储叠合部位,其展布特征受控于优质源储的空间耦合关系。     

临兴地区致密砂岩气藏形成机理与成藏模式

本文以鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区上古生界致密砂岩气成藏机理与成藏模式为研究目标,通过测井资料解释、流体包裹体测定和古流体压力恢复等方法,总结了气藏类型与分布特征,分析了其成藏期次、运移动力和输导体系,阐明了形成机理与成藏模式。研究表明,临兴地区上古生界主要含气层位为太原组、山西组和下石盒子组,气藏分布受生储盖组合、构造部位和储层物性控制。临兴地区上古生界主要有2期成藏,中侏罗世为第1期,天然气以CO2为主、含少量气态烃,储层中流体剩余压力较低,裂缝多未切穿石英颗粒,天然气运移速率较低,汇聚成藏规模小;早白垩世为第2期成藏,天然气以甲烷为主、含少量重烃和液态烃,储层中剩余压力较高,裂缝普遍发育并切穿石英颗粒,与断层结合形成了三维网状输导空间网络,流体运移速率大,运移距离长,汇聚面积大,形成了一系列大型气藏,是临兴地区上古生界最主要的成藏期。靠近紫金山岩体的地层,在晚侏罗世到早白垩世期间遭受高压流体的侵入,形成一个以岩体为中心向外逐渐减弱的成藏作用带。临兴地区致密砂岩天然气成藏模式可总结为:“两期成藏、晚期为主;早期非烃,晚期甲烷;超压为主、浮力次之;孔缝为主、断裂为辅;岩性占优、构造偏少”。     

琼东南盆地宝岛凹陷北斜坡油气运聚模式探讨

基于琼东南盆地宝岛北斜坡近几年的勘探资料和前人研究成果,通过对该区已钻遇主要目的储层的定量颗粒荧光等
实验分析,结合油气地化特征、断层活动规律等,探讨研究区油气分布特征和运聚模式。结果表明：宝岛北斜坡主要目的
层三亚组储层属于中孔低渗储层,泥质含量高,储层非均质性较强;该储层普遍含气,油气藏形成时间晚,储层颗粒表面
吸附烃类普遍较高,颗粒内烃类含量非常低;而靠近凹陷的深层陵水组油气藏形成时间早,但后期遭受破坏,储层颗粒表
面吸附烃类普遍较低,颗粒内烃类含量较高;宝岛凹陷生成油气向北运移能力有限,主要向靠近凹陷的宝岛B区供烃,对
松涛凸起以北的宝岛A区油气贡献小;宝岛A区油气主要为其下覆渐新统海相烃源岩所生油气,通过广泛发育的断层垂向
运移而形成的,成藏时间晚,油气性质与其他地区差异明显。     

Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical,mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data

Changbaishan, an intraplate volcano, is characterized by an approximately 6 km wide summit caldera and last erupted in 1903. Changbaishan experienced a period of unrest between 2002 and 2006. The activity developed in three main stages, including shield volcano(basalts), cone-construction(trachyandesites to trachytes with minor basalts), and caldera-forming stages(trachytes to comendites). This last stage is associated with one of the more energetic eruptions of the last millennium on Earth, the 946 CE, VEI 7 Millennium Eruption(ME),which emitted over 100 km3 of pyroclastics. Compared to other active calderas, the plumbing system of Changbaishan and its evolution mechanisms remain poorly constrained. Here, we merge new whole-rock,glass, mineral, isotopic, and geobarometry data with geophysical data and present a model of the plumbing system. The results show that the volcano is characterized by at least three main magma reservoirs at different depths: a basaltic reservoir at the Moho/lower crust depth, an intermediate reservoir at 10–15 km depth, and a shallower reservoir at 0.5–3 km depth. The shallower reservoir was involved in the ME eruption, which was triggered by a fresh trachytic melt entering a shallower reservoir where a comenditic magma was stored. The trachytes and comendites originate from fractional crystallization processes and minor assimilation of upper crust material, while the less evolved melts assimilate lower crust material. Syn-eruptive magma mingling occurred during the ME eruption phase. The magma reservoirs of the caldera-forming stage partly reactivate those of the cone-construction stage. The depth of the magma storage zones is controlled by the layering of the crust.The plumbing system of Changbaishan is vertically extensive, with crystal mush reservoirs renewed by the replenishment of new trachytic to trachyandesitic magma from depth. Unlike other volcanoes, evidence of a basaltic recharge is lacking. The interpretation of the signals preceding possible future eruptions should consider the multi-level nature of the Changbaishan plumbing system. A new arrival of magma may destabilize a part of or the entire system, thus triggering eruptions of different sizes and styles. The reference model proposed here for Changbaishan represents a prerequisite to properly understand periods of unrest to potentially anticipate future volcanic eruptions and to identify the mechanisms controlling the evolution of the crust below volcanoes.     

柴达木盆地西部油气藏的破坏类型与机理

油气藏破坏是一种普遍的自然现象,地质历史时期任何类型的油气聚集都是短暂的动态变化史体,均随着时间的推移,在某些地质因素的影响下遭到破坏。根据构造演化史和成藏史研究,柴达木盆地西部上新世-第四纪是原生油气藏的破坏和次生油气藏的形成时期。野外地质考察发现油气藏破坏的地面显示类型多样,主要有：油砂、固体沥青和石蜡以及泥火山或油墩子。对油气藏的破坏因素分析表明：柴西油气藏破坏类型主要有断裂活动破坏、油藏抬升剥蚀破坏和异常高压作用破坏3种类型,而且油气藏破坏往往是断裂活动和汕藏抬升综合作用的结果。该研究对当地的油气勘探具有一定的参考和指导意义。     

基于恒速压汞技术研究页岩气储层孔隙结构:以湘西北地区五峰组页岩为例

页岩气储层孔隙结构是页岩气富集成藏、储层评价和优选有利区的关键参数,区分孔隙和喉道是表征页岩气储层孔隙结构的关键。本文选择4块具有不同渗透率的湘西北地区奥陶系五峰组页岩为研究对象,基于恒速压汞实验讨论孔隙和喉道的大小、分布特征及其相互关系以及与渗透率的联系。结果表明:具有不同渗透率的页岩样品表现为较为相近的孔径分布特征但差异较大的喉道分布特征。页岩样品渗透率的大小与孔隙半径没有明显相关关系;喉道大小及其分布特征是控制低渗储层孔隙结构的关键要素之一。渗透率较低页岩样品的喉道以喉道半径小且集中分布为特征,而渗透率较大页岩样品的喉道以喉道半径大呈分散分布但主要以大喉道为特征。喉道特征是研究页岩气储层储集空间和吸附能力的重要部分,在以后对页岩气的勘探开发中应特别注意及重视。     

中国东南海域中生界油气地质条件与勘探前景

中国东南海域中生代地处欧亚板块东南缘, 夹持于欧亚板块、太平洋板块与印度澳大利亚板块之间。以往对于该区域的油气勘探多集中于新生代。笔者在前人研究的基础之上, 结合新近获得的地震资料, 开展了中国东南海域及周缘油气地质条件研究。结果表明:中国东南海域中生界分布广, 东海南部、台湾岛以及台西南盆地发育中生界深海相硅质岩, 可能与冲绳缝合带和菲律宾巴拉望缝合带形成有关;南海北部及周缘陆区发育上三叠统下侏罗统海相和海陆交互相碎屑岩及上侏罗统白垩系陆相碎屑岩, 可能与印支期缝合带的形成有关。从海域钻井及周缘陆区沉积层序资料推断, 中国东南海域有两套发育良好的烃源岩, 具有较强的生烃潜力:上三叠统下侏罗统海相泥页岩, 有机碳质量分数为0.28%~14.96%, 干酪根类型主要以Ⅱ₂型和Ⅲ型为主;下白垩统海相泥页岩, 有机碳质量分数为0.60%~2.00%, 干酪根类型以偏Ⅱ₂Ⅲ型为主。该海域发育两套生储盖组合:一套以上三叠统下侏罗统泥页岩为烃源岩, 中、上侏罗统砂岩为储层, 下白垩统泥页岩为盖层;另一套以下白垩统泥页岩为烃源岩, 白垩系砂岩为储层, 上白垩统泥页岩为盖层。它们相互可以形成"古生新储"、"自生自储"油气藏组合。因此, 中国东南海域中生界是值得关注的油气勘探新领域。     

准噶尔盆地南缘中段下组合储层特征及控制因素分析

准噶尔盆地南缘中段下部成藏组合主要包括侏罗系和下白垩统.通过对研究区已有的探井取心及野外露头资料的研究,对下白垩统清水河组、上侏罗统喀拉扎组和齐古组3套储层的沉积特征及其控制因素进行了分析研究,认为研究区储层具有较低成分成熟度、低-中等及中等-较好的结构成熟度,压实作用和胶结作用是原生孔隙损失的主要因素.     

Generation and hydrocarbon entrapment within Gondwanan sediments of the Mandapeta area, Krishna-Godavari Basin, India

The discovery of hydrocarbons (mainly gas) in commercial quantities from Gondwanan sediments in the Mandapeta field of Krishna-Godavari Basin, India, provided impetus for intensified exploration in Mandapeta and the adjoining Kommugudem, Draksharama and Endamuru fields. Both oil and gas have been found in the reservoirs of Mandapeta (Triassic) and Golapalli (Early Cretaceous) formations. Mature, localised, basal shales (1.0–1.1% Ro) in the Mandapeta formation have sourced the oils from the Mandapeta Sandstone reservoir (Triassic). The oils being produced from Golapalli Sandstone reservoir (Early Cretaceous) are relatively less mature and have been sourced by the underlying shales in the Mandapeta Formation at a maturity level of 0.80–0.85% Ro. The source and maturity data preclude liquid hydrocarbon sourcing from the Kommugudem (Permian) sequence. Permian coals and shales of the Kommugudem Formation are the major source rocks for gaseous hydrocarbons in this area. The hydrocarbon generation started in Early Cretaceous in the Kommugudem Formation, but the intermittent tectonic activity (with associated structural developments) has resulted in reorientation and redistribution of the then existing trap configurations. The present day maturity level of the Permian sediments in the Mandapeta field is 1.2% Ro or greater, capable of generating gas dominantly. The Raghavapuram shale in the Mandapeta area is adequately mature and has good hydrocarbon potential for oil generation. The probability of finding hydrocarbon reserves in the sands of Raghavapuram shales and other suitable traps is high. Modern seismic information together with geologic models can give new exploration leads.     

川西坳陷什邡地区蓬莱镇组天然气藏特征及成藏过程分析

川西坳陷什邡地区蓬莱镇组气藏属于浅层常规—致密砂岩次生气藏,其形成机制不同于下伏须家河组储层的致密砂岩气。研究区内主要发育岩性圈闭,天然气来自于下伏须家河组煤系烃源岩及部分受到调整和改造的须家河组原生气藏,经长距离运移后在蓬莱镇组圈闭中聚集成藏。气层集中在蓬莱镇组中上部,天然气干燥系数大,以煤型气为主。流体包裹体分析表明,研究区内蓬莱镇组共经历3期热流体活动,前两期分别为液态烃充注及气液混合烃充注,但并未形成规模油藏;第3期为大规模天然气充注,对应成藏时间为晚白垩世晚期至古近纪早期(78~34Ma)。在此基础上,结合地质构造演化、烃源岩生排烃期、储层致密化窗口及生储盖组合特征,确定了蓬莱镇组天然气藏的形成过程及成藏特征:蓬莱镇组下部储层在晚白垩世中期达到致密化,已不利于天然气聚集成藏;喜山运动时期,下伏须家河组气藏受到调整和改造,早期发育的深大断裂得以扩展,大量深部气源沿断层向上运移至蓬莱镇组中上部,形成了浅层次生气藏。     

Reservoir characterization of basal sand zone of lower Goru Formation by petrophysical studies of geophysical logs

The lower Indus basin is one of the largest hydrocarbon producing sedimentary basins in Pakistan. It is characterized by the presence of many hydrocarbon-bearing fields including clastic and carbonates proven reservoirs from the Cretaceous to the Eocene age. This study has been carried out in the Sanghar oil field to evaluate the hydrocarbon prospects of basal sand zone of lower Goru Formation of Cretaceous by using complete suite of geophysical logs of different wells. The analytical formation evaluation by using petrophysical studies and neutron-density crossplots unveils that litho-facies mainly comprising of sandstone. The hydrocarbons potentialities of the formation zone have been characterized through various isoparameteric maps such as gross reservoir and net pay thickness, net-to-gross ratio, total and effective porosity, shaliness, and water and hydrocarbons saturation. The evaluated petrophysical studies show that the reservoir has net pay zone of thickness range 5 to 10 m, net-togross ratio range of 0.17 to 0.75, effective porosity range of 07 to 12 %, shaliness range of 27 to 40 % and hydrocarbon saturation range of 12 to 31 %. However, in the net pay zone hydrocarbon saturation reaches up to 95%. The isoparametric charts of petrophysically derived parameters reveal the aerial distribution of hydrocarbons accumulation in basal sand unit of the lower Goru Formation which may be helpful for further exploration.     

砂砾岩体不同岩相油气充注期储集性能差异及成藏意义--以玛湖凹陷西斜坡区百口泉组油藏为例

玛湖凹陷西斜坡区三叠系百口泉组岩性油藏生、储、盖、运等成藏条件配置优越,有效的侧向及上倾方向圈闭封挡条件为制约油气成藏的关键。在明确泥质含量为影响本区砂砾岩储层储集性能关键因素基础上,以泥质含量为主分类参数,将砂砾岩储层划分为贫泥砂砾岩(泥质含量<5%)、含泥砂砾岩(泥质含量5%~8%)和富泥砂砾岩(泥质含量>8%)三种岩相。早侏罗世的早期油气充注期,上述三种岩相储层均可作为有效储层;早白垩世的主要油气充注期,富泥砂砾岩相储层的储集性能明显变差,成为研究区主要的致密封挡带,而贫泥砂砾岩和含泥砂砾岩仍可作用作为有效储层,且前者的储集性能优于后者。扇三角洲前缘亚相(牵引流)沉积主要对应于贫泥砂砾岩岩相,在油气充注期为有效储层,构成玛湖凹陷西斜坡区百口泉组大面积岩性油藏的主体储集层;扇三角洲平原亚相(牵引流)、砂质碎屑流(重力流)沉积主要对应于富泥砂砾岩岩相,在油气充注期储集性能均较差,主要构成研究区大面积岩性油藏的底部及侧向的致密封挡带,上述两致密封挡带与扇三角洲前缘亚相(牵引流)有效储层配置,共同形成玛湖凹陷西斜坡区百口泉组大型岩性油藏。     

油气超长运移距离

塔里木盆地塔北地区广泛分布着来自于库车坳陷的陆相油气,其运移距离超过100km,是一个比较典型的油气超长距离运移实例。本文在结合油气勘探基础资料的基础上,通过对出油井的详细地球化学研究,综合油气运移条件的分析,探讨了油气超长运移的地质条件与动力机制。研究认为,在哈拉哈塘和英买力南部地区白垩系砂岩储层中发现的油气来源于北部库车坳陷的三叠系湖相烃源岩,成藏时间在5~3Ma;油气主要通过断裂沟通不整合面以及白垩系巴西改组的砂体进行长距离侧向运移,运移的直线距离达到110~130km。研究发现,库车坳陷三叠系优质烃源岩短期内快速熟化并高效排烃,为油气长距离运移提供了充沛的油源和驱动力条件;白垩系巴西改组油层在致密顶底板岩层的封堵约束作用下,油气沿着宽缓斜坡上大面积分布的连通砂体呈面状发生长距离运移,沿途缺少大型圈闭拦截和聚油,油气损失相对较少,所以油气在通畅的运移道路上持续向南推进,这是该区油气发生超长运移的主要动力机制。超长的运移距离,与该区低幅度宽缓的斜坡构造背景和良好的输导通道密切相关,因此,在已发现白垩系出油井点以南更远地区还将不断会有陆相油的新发现;在油气运移经过的地区,白垩系内只要存在圈闭,均可形成油藏,因此,低幅度构造圈闭与岩性地层圈闭所形成的中小型油气田群将作为今后勘探的主要目标。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112000849

New methods are presented for processing and interpretation of shallow marine differential magnetic data,including constructing maps of offshore total magnetic anomalies with an extremely high resolution of up to 1-2 nT,mapping weak anomalies of 5-10 nT caused by mineralization effects at the contacts of hydrocarbons with host rocks,estimating depths to upper and lower boundaries of anomalous magnetic sources,and estimating thickness of magnetic layers and boundaries of tectonic blocks. Horizontal dimensions of tectonic blocks in the so-called "seismic gap" region in the central Kuril Arc vary from 10 to 100 km,with typical dimensions of 25-30 km.The area of the "seismic gap" is a zone of intense tectonic activity and recent volcanism.Deep sources causing magnetic anomalies in the area are similar to the "magnetic belt" near Hokkaido. In the southern and central parts of Barents Sea,tectonic blocks with widths of 30-100 km,and upper and lower boundaries of magnetic layers ranging from depths of 10 to 5 km and 18 to 30 km are calculated.Models of the magnetic layer underlying the Mezen Basin in an inland part of the White Sea-Barents Sea paleorift indicate depths to the lower boundary of the layer of 12-30 km.Weak local magnetic anomalies of 2-5 nT in the northern and central Caspian Sea were identified using the new methods,and drilling confirms that the anomalies are related to concentrations of hydrocarbon.Two layers causing magnetic anomalies are identified in the northern Caspian Sea from magnetic anomaly spectra.The upper layer lies immediately beneath the sea bottom and the lower layer occurs at depths between 30-40 m and 150-200 m.     

准噶尔永进地区深部储层的保存与发育机理

随着油气勘探向深部发展,在深部寻找优质储层是一个亟待深入研究的问题。永进地区位于准噶尔腹部中石化中部3区块,勘探目的层埋藏深,大于5000m,储层多为低孔-特低孔低渗-特低渗储层,因此,在该地区深部寻找相对优质储层具有重要的理论意义和勘探意义。该地区发育区域性不整合,即J/K不整合。在不整合形成期间,大气淡水具有高的流速和相对开放的流体环境,可以溶蚀易溶矿物并将溶蚀产物带离出溶蚀区;颗粒包壳可以抑制石英加大和碳酸盐矿物沉淀,保存原生孔隙和形成的次生孔隙;永进地区油气充注早,早期的油气充注改善了流体成岩环境,抑制胶结作用,同时,其携带的有机酸溶蚀易溶矿物,产生次生孔隙,油气早期充注从两个方面改善储层。     

基于成藏过程重建研究渤中凹陷西北缘陡坡带油气差异聚集机理

渤海湾盆地渤中凹陷西北缘陡坡带油气分布“西贫东富”,成藏条件复杂。利用储层定量荧光技术、傅立叶红外光谱技术、原油地球化学参数、流体包裹体岩相学,结合埋藏史、热史及构造演化,从古流体和现代流体特征角度进行系统定时定量化成藏过程恢复,研究差异成藏原因。研究表明,陡坡带经历了两期油气充注过程,第一期开始于明化镇组沉积早期(距今7 Ma),来自东南部沙河街组烃源岩的低熟油经历短距离运移在东区古近系成藏,该期原油充注量较少。第二期发生在明化镇组沉积中期(距今5.3 Ma),较高成熟度的烃类由东向西,由深向浅运移,在东、西区古近系形成大规模古油藏。明化镇组沉积晚期(距今3.7 Ma),边界断层活动性增强,西区断层活动速率强于东区,断层作用由封闭作用转为输导作用,西区古近系古油藏大规模破坏,东区东三段古油藏油水界面向上迁移,油气向浅层聚集成藏。第四纪沉积期(距今2.2 Ma),断层活动性减弱,逐步形成现今油藏。距离供烃源岩的远近、经历成藏期次的不同以及控藏断裂活动的强弱差异共同导致了渤中凹陷西北缘陡坡带油气差异分布的格局。