钢筋混凝土结构在近场脉冲型地震作用下的试验分析

选择了集集地震中三条含有大脉冲的脉冲型近场地震记录，并截取其加速度峰值所在的脉冲及相邻两个脉冲部分形成新的记录，将其作为地震输入，对两个完全相同的钢筋混凝土模型进行振动台台模拟试验，对试验结果进行了分析，比较两个模型的宏观破坏、模态、顶层位移，得出近场脉冲型地震动会引起钢筋混凝土结构严重的破坏，截取的主震脉冲时程对结构的影响效应在一定程度上完全可以等同于整幅地震动时程。     

基于位移设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究(Ⅱ):振动台试验

通过模型振动台试验研究了基于位移设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩的抗震性能。以完成的拟静力试验中的桥墩试件为参考原型,利用基于位移抗震设计方法和现行桥梁抗震规范方法设计了4根1:2的钢筋混凝土桥墩试件并进行了模型振动台试验。对小震、中震和大震作用下桥墩试件的破坏形态、加速度和位移反应、位移延性系数和地震总输入能(耗能)等方面进行了比较分析。综合拟静力试验和振动台试验结果,可以认为基于位移设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩能够达到预期的延性抗震要求。     

钢筋混凝土框架砖填充墙结构抗震性能的研究

本文介绍了一个１／３比例框架填充墙结构模型模拟地震振动台试验，研究了结构动力特性与反应特征，提出了钢筋混凝土框架砖填充墙结构层间刚度与抗力的简化估计方法和公式，同时进行了多层框架填充墙结构的弹塑性动力反应分析并结合试验模型将计算结果与试验结果进行比较。     

北京机场新塔台结构模拟地震作用试验研究

本文对首都机场新塔台钢筋混凝土筒-钢框架组合结构缩尺模型进行了模拟地震振动台试验研究,分析了高耸塔台结构的地震反应和破坏特征,并对这种下部为混凝土筒体,上部为钢框架结构的锚固连接及钢榧架结构层间位移控制进行了探讨,为提出这类钢-混凝土组合结构体系抗震计算模型和设计理论提供了试验依据。     

“产业化节能建筑”住宅房屋结构的试验研究

"产业化节能建筑"住宅房屋以钢框架为主体结构,并采用钢筋混凝土轻质叠合楼板和整体预制复合外墙板。为研究这种房屋结构的抗震性能,进行了两层足尺结构模型的模拟地震振动台试验和有限元分析。对无墙板、X向外挂墙板和Y向外挂墙板三种不同结构状态,以及Y向外挂墙板时采用三种不同螺栓拧紧力矩的工况,分别输入三条实际地震动,按8度区调整其峰值加速度,测定模型结构的地震反应。对五种不同状况的模型结构进行有限元时程分析,研究结构的抗震性能以及外挂墙板对框架结构抗震性能的影响。试验和分析结果均表明,该房屋结构总体上具有较好的抗震性能,钢筋混凝土轻质叠合楼板和整体预制复合外墙板能够经受8度大震考验,墙板的不同螺栓拧紧力矩对结构的地震反应影响不大,轻质叠合楼板与梁柱的连接部位需要进一步加强。     

楼板隔震消能结构的振动台试验研究

用同一个单层钢框架结构模型,分别做成传统结构体系和楼板隔震消能结构体系。模型在每一种结构体系下分别做模拟地震振动台试验,先后在x向按7度小震和大震烈度输入E l Centro波、Taft波和天津波,比较单层钢框架模型在两种结构体系下的地震反应。试验结果表明,采用楼板隔震消能结构体系能够显著减小结构的加速度反应和底部剪力反应。     

单层框架建筑模型基础隔震实验研究

对带叠层橡胶隔震基础的钢筋混凝土单层框架模型进行了振动台地震模拟试验,比较了隔震结构与非隔震结构的地震反应,结果表明,用叠层橡胶支座隔震后,框架模型的地震反应比不隔震时大大减小,证明叠层橡胶支座基础隔震技术是一种既有效又很安全的减震措施。     

混凝土框架-钢柱阀厅结构振动台试验研究

本文对混凝土框架-钢柱换流站阀厅结构进行了地震模拟振动台试验.根据原型结构特点及试验室现有条件设计和制作了1/8满配重模型缩尺模型,选定了三种适用于不同场地类别的地震动进行逐级加载,在每级地震动加载前后,均对结构进行了白噪声输入.研究了阀厅结构地震响应(包括加速度放大系数、索的动拉力等)、结构固有频率变化、结构阻尼比和...     

耗能—隔震柔性底层钢管混凝土结构的振动台实验和损伤分析

本文通过一座三层的耗能－隔震柔性底层钢管混凝土结构模型和一座三层普通钢筋混凝土结构模型的振动台实验，着重研究了耗能－隔震柔性底层钢管混凝土结构的抗震性能和减震效果，并与普通的钢筋混凝土结构的实验进行了分析比较，研究了两种结构体系在地震作用下的耗能分布和地震累积损伤情况。     

地震作用下结构-设备耦合体系动力相互作用研究

为了研究结构系统与设备系统的动力相互作用,设计并制作了1个由钢筋混凝土框架结构和钢结构单自由度振子组成的结构-设备耦合体系模型,并进行了振动台试验。试验测试了模型结构在不同地震波峰值加速度下的动力特性、位移反应和动应变。根据试验结果,分析了耦合系统的受力过程和破坏机理。采用ABAQUS进行有限元分析,分析了设备与结构不同质量比参数情况下,耦合模型和堆聚质量模型频率特性以及地震响应的差异。研究表明:在地震作用下会形成非线性结构-弹性设备的耦合体系;结构屈服后设备的动力放大系数小于屈服前的放大系数;耦合体系的计算频率小于堆聚质量体系的计算结果,地震响应大于集中堆聚体系,质量比越大,两者的差异也越大。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases