仙霞西路隧道工程第三方监测(贯通测量)技术要点

介绍了我院在承担上海市虹桥综合交通枢纽仙霞西路隧道工程第三方监测项目中贯通测量的工作内容。通过对各个环节的作业方案、测量手段、数据处理及成果分析的总结,概括了实施过程中的一些技术要点。     

世行贷款公路建设项目实施过程中的测量监理

本文结合陕西省世行贷款公路项目Ⅱ中绛－法－汤子项目的测量监理工作,简要叙述了世行贷款公路项目中测量监理的作用与工作内容。     

苏丹默鲁特盆地石油开发项目数字地形测量技术分析

以苏丹默鲁特盆地石油开发项目的地形测量工程为例,分析国外的石油开发项目地形测量工作涉及的各个方面。文章从测量工程的坐标和投影系统选择、适用作业规范、控制设计和标石埋设、地形图分幅、图面表示、成果质量控制等多方面阐述分析了其特殊性,并总结了一些经验,以期为以后的此类工程提供借鉴意义。     

交通工程规划核实测量与管道检测的关键技术

随着“多测合一”的推行,市政交通工程规划核实测量与排水管道检测成果已成为规划管理、建设、施工、养护及馆藏等单位的必备材料。本文通过工程实践,阐述项目的工作内容、技术流程等,并对成果数据进行精度验证,同时,介绍了项目实施中应注意的问题。     

工程总承包中的施工测量管理工作

总结施工测量管理工作的主要内容、工作方法和控制程序等方面的一些经验和体会。     

如何做好测量监理经验介绍

在工程建设项目的实施阶段,测量监理是做好“三控制、二管理、一协调”的一重要环节。然而,测量监理如何才能做好监理工作是一个工作难点。监理工作不仅是一门专业技术,更重要的是一门管理艺术,测量监理要想做好监理工作就应该掌握一套独特的工作程序和工作方法。本文通过工程监理的工作实践,在工程建设项目施工阶段的测量监理工作谈一些简单经验供大家参考。     

测绘工程项目监理记录综述

项目监理实施过程中需要对监理的内容、过程以及遇到的问题及处理情况进行全面记录,这些监理记录不仅是工作要求,同时也是有序开展监理工作、指导被监理单位进行问题整改的重要依据,是保证工程测量项目达到标准的必要条件。本文结合监理工作实践经验以及日常对监理工作的学习,对监理记录的作用和现状进行了分析,详细阐述了监理日记、监理日志和检查记录等主要监理记录的内容、记录方法和区别,希望能够对开展相关工作的监理人员有所帮助。     

城市轨道交通工程管线测量监理工作方法探讨与研究

本文简要介绍城市轨道交通工程管线测量中监理工作的意义和主要工作内容,并结合实践经验,重点介绍在项目开展的各阶段监理工作的要点,检查的内容与方法,各项成果精度的统计及项目质量的评价。     

测绘监理在第一次地理国情普查项目中的应用

地理国情普查是国家测绘地理信息局在全国范围内开展的一个全新的综合性测绘项目,具有任务周期短、质量要求高、工序流程复杂等特点。根据常州市第一次地理国情普查项目中测绘监理工作实践,探讨了国情普查项目中监理工作内容和工作方法,分析了测绘监理在国情普查项目中的作用。通过分析总结在该项目测绘监理中发现的一些问题及处理方法,形成一些地理国情方面的监理心得,可以作为其他省市开展类似项目的参考和借鉴。     

对加强测量项目质量管理与监测的思考与探索

工程测量质量管理与监测直接影响项目施工质量和可靠性,本文就近几年的工程测量质量管理与监测工作的实践,提出了加强工程测量项目的组织管理、质量管理和具体实施等具体方法,确保了项目建设过程中测量问题能够得到较好的解决。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。