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随着地理信息系统(Geograph ic Information System,简称G IS)的飞速发展和数字地球的提出,空间数据在诸如航空、遥感、测绘、交通、水电等不同领域展现出日益强大的生命力。空间数据采集的手段有很多,纸制图的数字化是G IS中空间数据采集的主要手段之一。结合广州市白云区和海珠区自来水管网矢量化生产实践,介绍了用ArcG IS完成自来水管线图扫描矢量化的整个过程,包括图象处理、配准、数字化、检查、图形接边等各个工序的实现方法,其中着重介绍了符号库的制作和地图接边及检查等技术问题。实践表明,该方法是一种简便、实用的扫描矢量化方法。 相似文献
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论述了在地质图空间数据库建库过程中,通过项目组织实施,实行项目负责制,成立质量监督、检查组,建立完善的质量监控体系,以及在各阶段所采取的各种质量监控措施,即三级质量检查及各种质量检查方法。从数据源的质量检查,图形数字化、属性卡片填写,到成果图的各图层数据各阶段的质量检查严格把关,保证了地质图空间数据库的数据质量。 相似文献
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石松连 《物探化探计算技术》1995,17(3):74-79,91
地理信息系统(GIS)功能石松连(中国地质勘查技术院)地理信息系统能干些什么?它有哪些功能?这是本讲所要介绍的问题。一、数据采集与编辑功能地理信息系统的核心是要建立一个地理数据库。在建库的过程中,第一步将实体图形数据和描述它的属性数据输入到数据库中。... 相似文献
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文章介绍了微机绘制地理图及工作程度图系统,它包括地图要素的数字化,数据转换,图形的形成和图形输出四个部分,图形形成快速,准确、修改方便,输出接口众多。 相似文献
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MAPGIS在地质制图中的应用 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
MAPGIS是我国自主研究开发的大型基础地理信息系统软件平台,具有机助制图、图形编辑和图形处理等多种功能,是我国地质行业数字化制图的首选工具.本文结合工作实例,介绍了MAPGIS在点参数编辑、线参数编辑等方面的数字制图方法和技巧. 相似文献
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强调过程控制是ISO9000族标准的精华。深入领会ISO9000标准,通过转化分配用好ISO9000模式中每个要素的规定,是改进我公司土工试验生产过程管理,提高土工试验质量的保证。 相似文献
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本文详细地介绍了利用专业数码相机摄影数字化输入裱版清绘原图数据的方法,是目前地理信息系统数字化建设中地图制图资料数据收集、转换的一种新方式,具有较强的实用性。 相似文献
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Landslide zonation studies emphasize on preparation of landslide hazard zonation maps considering major instability factors contributing to occurrence of landslides. This paper deals with geographic information system-based landslide hazard zonation in mid Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh from Mandi to Kullu by considering nine relevant instability factors to develop the hazard zonation map. Analytical hierarchy process was applied to assign relative weightages over all ranges of instability factors of the slopes in study area. To generate landslide hazard zonation map, layers in geographic information system were created corresponding to each instability factor. An inventory of existing major landslides in the study area was prepared and combined with the landslide hazard zonation map for validation purpose. The validation of the model was made using area under curve technique and reveals good agreement between the produced hazard map and previous landslide inventory with prediction accuracy of 79.08%. The landslide hazard zonation map was classified by natural break classifier into very low hazard, low hazard, moderate hazard, high hazard and very high landslide hazard classes in geographic information system depending upon the frequency of occurrence of landslides in each class. The resultant hazard zonation map shows that 14.30% of the area lies in very high hazard zone followed by 15.97% in high hazard zone. The proposed model provides the best-fit classification using hierarchical approach for the causative factors of landslides having complex structure. The developed hazard zonation map is useful for landslide preparedness, land-use planning, and social-economic and sustainable development of the region. 相似文献
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MAPGIS大比例尺数字测图系统的设计 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着城市信息化建设特别是GIS应用的发展,对大比例尺数字图的需求日益增加。以往的测图软件往往着重于制图的需要,很少考虑GIS应用的需求。在MAPGIS平台的基础上,根据系统性、兼容性、扩展性和开发性等原则,详细探讨了大比例尺数字测图系统的整体结构、数据组织、工作流程,设计了一个完整的数字测图系统。该系统具有野外数据采集、输入、处理、联接成图、编辑与修改及绘图等淡啤酒,在输入地物图形的同时,可以输入图形属性信息,输出符合国家标准图式的图形,并自动生成和维护拓扑关系。输出成果数据可以直接进入GIS系统,进行分析处理。 相似文献
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Prediction of ground subsidence in Samcheok City,Korea using artificial neural networks and GIS 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This study shows the construction of a hazard map for presumptive ground subsidence around abandoned underground coal mines
(AUCMs) at Samcheok City in Korea using an artificial neural network, with a geographic information system (GIS). To evaluate
the factors governing ground subsidence, an image database was constructed from a topographical map, geological map, mining
tunnel map, global positioning system (GPS) data, land use map, digital elevation model (DEM) data, and borehole data. An
attribute database was also constructed by employing field investigations and reinforcement working reports for the existing
ground subsidence areas at the study site. Seven major factors controlling ground subsidence were determined from the probability
analysis of the existing ground subsidence area. Depth of drift from the mining tunnel map, DEM and slope gradient obtained
from the topographical map, groundwater level and permeability from borehole data, geology and land use. These factors were
employed by with artificial neural networks to analyze ground subsidence hazard. Each factor’s weight was determined by the
back-propagation training method. Then the ground subsidence hazard indices were calculated using the trained back-propagation
weights, and the ground subsidence hazard map was created by GIS. Ground subsidence locations were used to verify results
of the ground subsidence hazard map and the verification results showed 96.06% accuracy. The verification results exhibited
sufficient agreement between the presumptive hazard map and the existing data on ground subsidence area.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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利用GIS技术开展安徽省水环境功能区划 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据国家环保总局的要求,笔者以国家测绘局编制的1:25万覆盖安徽全境的数字地图作为空间数据,以水环境功能区划登记表作为属性数据,开发了安徽省水环境功能区划的GIS.介绍了用工作站版Arc/Info7.1和ArcView3.2软件来实现安徽水环境功能区划工作过程. 相似文献
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本文是1:20万数字重力图及面色图的编制工作总结,文中主要介绍了在制作1:20万区域重力图和地理底图时,采用GIS系统,由计算机数字制图的具体方法和步骤。总结这一新技术新方法的运用,探索出一条可供借鉴的优化的制图捷径。 相似文献
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介绍从大比例尺地形图数码航测数字化成图存在的难点出发,综合生产实际,探讨全数字摄影测量内业作业过程各个环节的数学几何关系和误差影响,根据成图工艺流程和作业方法,研究对大此例尺数码摄影航测成图的地理精度和数学精度的质量控制,并对实践经验作了总结. 相似文献