四川省丹巴县竹子沟铂镍矿床铜镍铂族元素赋存状态

杨柳坪铂镍铜硫化物矿集区中分布有许多成因相似的铜镍硫化物矿床,本文在野外地质调查和镜下鉴定的基础上,通过电子探针成分测试,对四川省丹巴县竹子沟铜镍铂矿床矿石矿物成分作了详细研究。根据矿物共生组合特征,将成矿过程划分为岩浆熔离成矿期、岩浆热液成矿期和表生风化期;根据成矿作用,矿体可分为贯入型和分异型矿体;通过矿物成分晶体化学式计算,阐述了矿物的赋存状态和成因;最后结合矿床产出的大地构造环境、构造控矿等特点分析,认为丹巴竹子沟铂镍矿床为典型的岩浆熔离型矿床。     

塔里木东北缘早二叠世坡东铜镍硫化物矿床成矿特征与岩石成因

新疆北山坡北基性-超基性岩体位于塔里木板块东北缘,形成于早二叠世,赋存了坡一、坡十超大型铜镍硫化物矿床,以贫矿为主,赋存于橄榄岩相中。近年在坡一矿床东部勘探过程中,新发现了海绵陨铁状富矿,赋存于辉长苏长岩相中,命名为坡东铜镍硫化物矿床,为该区找矿对象提供了新的线索。坡北岩体的地质背景、岩石成因与成矿机制存在较大的争议,本研究在坡东矿床最新勘探钻孔中取得一系列样品,从年代学、岩石地球化学、同位素地球化学角度进行了系统剖析,对比坡一矿床的成岩成矿特征。发现坡东矿床中与成矿相关的辉长苏长岩相的全岩m/f值、εNd(t)值及橄榄石的Fo值明显低于坡一矿床,指示坡东矿床中赋矿岩相的岩浆演化程度相对较高,随着岩浆演化程度增高,地壳混染作用影响增强。岩石学与地球化学研究指示:坡东矿床是岩浆在地壳浅部发生分离结晶和地壳混染,岩浆达到硫化物饱和并发生硫化物熔离后成矿;坡一矿床是岩浆在深部发生橄榄石与铬尖晶石结晶,通过岩浆自身结晶分异导致硫化物饱和成矿。结合前人研究成果,提出坡北岩体的形成可能与～275Ma塔里木地幔柱事件有关,岩体的母岩浆来自亏损型地幔,具有OIB特征,地幔源区遭受了流体的交代作用。     

喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床的岩浆深渊熔离—贯入及其形成力学机理

通过新疆喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床、矿体地质特征和岩浆深渊熔离—贯入特征的研究,提出“动—静—动—静”交替作用的力学机制,指出该铜镍硫化物矿床为岩浆深渊熔离—贯入成因,使小岩体有赋存大矿的可能性。     

红旗岭—茶尖岭矿带铜镍成矿及陆壳条件

红旗岭—茶尖岭矿带铜镍硫化物矿床属于岩浆侵入体成矿,成矿物质铜、镍及硫均源于地幔。矿带铜镍硫化物矿床的成矿与陆壳碰撞后软流圈上涌导致的交代岩石圈地幔部分熔融有关,成矿以深部熔离—贯入方式为主。铜镍硫化物成矿及成大矿的关键因素:(1)辉发河超岩石圈断裂的快速导入;(2)浅部脆韧性裂隙的发育;(3)地幔源区岩浆的持续、充足的补给。对于铜镍硫化物的成矿:向成熟陆壳转化的初始成熟陆壳是必要的;过渡型陆壳及成熟陆壳均不利于铜镍硫化物的成矿。     

岩浆型Ni—Cu—PGE硫化物矿床研究现状及进展

岩浆型Ni—Cu—PGE(platinum group elements,铂族元素)硫化物矿床是重要的铜镍矿床类型,探讨该类型矿床产出环境,成矿作用,矿床成因机制具有重要意义。本文通过对该类型矿床时空分布规律,矿床成矿过程,成矿理论,勘查技术等方面入手,搜集大量资料,综述该类型矿床在成岩成矿年代学、地球化学特征、矿床形态、成矿理论和成矿判别标志等方面的研究现状,结果表明:岩浆型Ni—Cu—PGE硫化物矿床在容矿岩石、成矿作用方式或主要金属组份、成矿构造环境等特点具有不同分类方式,并且硫化物(矿层)的分布都具有重力分异的特点;在时空分布规律方面国外Ni—Cu—PGE硫化物矿床主要形成时间是在中元古代以前,而中国主要形成时间是在中元古代以后;其中早古生代晚期(390~430 Ma)的该类矿床目前仅发现于中国,以夏日哈木超大型矿床为代表;成矿模式存在"岩浆通道成矿"和"小岩体成大矿"之争,二者在成矿位置、岩浆上侵方式、外来地壳硫的加入存在差异;依据全岩m/f与Mg~#比值判定岩体含矿性,结合铂族比值、磁铁矿的(Ni+Cr)/(Si+Mg)比值、磁铁矿Ti含量等可作为该类型矿床勘查评价的重要参考指标。     

岩浆铜-镍-铂族元素硫化矿床“深部熔离-贯入”成矿作用与模式——加拿大伏伊希湾和中国金川矿床地质特征对比

通过对金川铜镍矿床地质、矿化特征与加拿大伏伊希湾（Voisey’s Bay）铜-镍-铂族元素硫化物矿床进行系统对比分析,总结出这2个世界级铜镍硫化物矿床形成演化方面的相似性、可比性及其共同特点,即深部岩浆房含矿岩浆沿通道脉动式上侵,到上部表现为“小岩体,成大矿”。成矿作用过程和模式表现为：①含矿岩浆的有序侵位显示岩浆在深部岩浆房停歇过程中曾发生熔离分异,形成岩浆、含矿岩浆、富矿岩浆和矿浆分层结构;②成矿作用是在富有动力的岩浆环境下岩浆不连续（脉动式）上侵过程中发生的,岩浆熔融体富含挥发组分,上侵活动剧烈,围岩角砾化;③含矿岩浆沿相同的通道或越位上侵,在先期侵入岩体下侧或上方不同空间成矿;④岩浆运移过程中与围岩发生相互作用、组分交换和成矿物质的富集。深入阐明了含矿岩浆不连续（脉动式）上侵、后续岩浆补给和混合是镁铁—超镁铁岩体中硫化物被聚集在岩浆流动的通道内形成超大型铜镍硫化物型铂族元素矿床的重要机制。     

岩浆铜-镍-铂族金属硫化矿床“深部熔离-贯入”成矿作用与模式--加拿 大伏伊希湾和中国金川矿床地质特征对比

通过对金川铜镍矿床地质、矿化特征与加拿大伏伊希湾（Voisey′s Bay）铜- 镍-铂族金属硫化物矿床进行系统对比分析,总结出这2个世界级铜镍硫化物矿床 形成演化方面的相似性、可比性及其共同特点,即深部岩浆房含矿岩浆沿通道脉 动式上侵,到上部表现为“小岩体,成大矿”。成矿作用过程和模式表现为：①含矿 岩浆的有序侵位显示岩浆在深部岩浆房停歇过程中曾发生熔离分异,形成岩浆、 含矿岩浆、富矿岩浆和矿浆分层结构;②成矿作用是在富有动力的岩浆环境下岩 浆不连续（脉动式）上侵过程中发生的,岩浆熔融体富含挥发组分,上侵活动剧烈, 围岩角砾化;③含矿岩浆沿相同的通道或越位上侵,在先期侵入岩体下侧或上方 不同空间成矿;④岩浆运移过程中与围岩发生相互作用、组分交换和成矿物质的 富集。深入阐明了含矿岩浆不连续（脉动式）上侵、后续岩浆补给和混合是镁铁 —超镁铁岩体中硫化物被聚集在岩浆流动的通道内形成超大型铜镍硫化物型铂 族元素矿床的重要机制。     

中国西北地区岩浆铜镍矿床地质特点与找矿潜力

西北地区是中国岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床最为发育的地区,主要有3个重要成矿期,其地质特点、成矿条件、形成标志等存在明显不同.笔者梳理了 目前诸多学者对岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的研究工作,并结合野外实际,发现大陆裂谷是形成巨型-超大型岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的构造背景条件,铁质系列的镁铁-超镁铁质岩体才可能形成有经济价值的岩浆铜镍硫化物矿体...     

东昆仑夏日哈木镍成矿赋矿机理认识与找矿方向指示

东昆仑造山带夏日哈木超大型岩浆镍钴硫化物矿体全部赋存于Ⅰ号镁铁超镁铁质岩体内,118万t镍,23.8万t铜,4.3万t钴,是迄今为止全球造山带背景发现的规模最大的岩浆镍钴矿床。与传统的大火成岩省、大陆边缘裂谷等成矿构造背景认识明显不同,对其含矿性特点与成矿赋矿机理认识有助于揭示造山带背景岩浆镍钴硫化物矿床形成机制和成矿模式,指示进一步找矿方向和岩体含矿性评价,拓展东昆仑造山带镍钴硫化物矿床的找矿空间,实现找矿新突破。笔者通过对夏日哈木岩浆镍钴硫化物矿床的岩(矿)体地质特点、矿物学及地球化学的研究,并结合前人的区域构造背景研究成果及野外实际,发现地壳S的混染加入是导致夏日哈木镁铁超镁铁质岩浆硫化物熔离的关键因素,斜方辉石含量高的岩相更有利于赋存富矿体。提出夏日哈木超大型岩浆镍钴硫化物矿床是伴随古特提斯洋演化开始大陆裂解、镁铁超镁铁质岩浆多次脉冲叠加硫化物熔离成矿结果的认识,大断裂为地幔岩浆上侵提供了有利条件。东昆仑造山带沿昆北、昆中断裂带于夏日哈木镍钴硫化物矿床北西、南东方位发育的岩体、铁质系列的镁铁超镁铁质岩相是该区域进一步找矿的重要方向。     

《岩浆硫化物矿床》译文集正式出版

<正>《岩浆硫化物矿床的地质、地球化学和勘查》一书的作者A.J.Naldret是加拿大多伦多大学的终身教授,加拿大皇家科学院院士,一生致力于岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的研究。这本书对全世界重要的岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床和铂族金属矿床进行了阐释,并对该类矿床的研究进展进行了全面讨论,是一本非常重要的参考书,欢迎广大科技工作者参考。该书主要从岩浆铜镍铂族金属矿床成矿的视角,对该类矿床的成矿特征和成矿机制进行了卓有成效的     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of