GIS技术在四川省九龙县地质灾害危险性评价中的应用

文章结合九龙县地质灾害调查与区划项目,在对全县地质灾害特征和影响因素调查基础上,探讨了GIS技术在九龙县地质灾害危险性评价中的应用,描述了GIS图形处理和空间分析功能支持下的地质灾害危险性评价思路,并介绍了评价因子选取、栅格单元划分、结果评价等问题。分析结果表明,将GIS技术应用于九龙县地质灾害危险性评价中可以提高评价效率和准确性,评价效果较好。     

四川九龙县地质灾害形成特征及避险搬迁方案

九龙县位于四川省西部,地势北高南低,地貌以山原和高山峡谷为主,复杂的地形地貌和地质构造使九龙县地质环境较为脆弱,地质灾害种类繁多。大部分地质灾害的共同特点是在不同形式的反复消长变化中不断发展,多种致灾因素交互作用是九龙县地质灾害形成与发生的主要原因。对于稳定性较差、易发性高、危害人数比较多、治理难度大、治理费用高等共同的特点的灾点采用分期分批实施搬迁的原则,按照搬迁避险方式、依据搬迁安置选址原则进行搬迁。做好地质灾害防护工作,保护好群众的生命财产安全。     

云南省思茅区地质灾害发育特征及防治对策

云南省思茅区地质灾害主要类型有滑坡、不稳定斜坡和泥石流.通过对区内地质灾害的考察和最新地质灾害信息的分析,阐述了该地区地质灾害的主要类型及特征,归纳了地质灾害分布特征;对区内地质灾害发育的主要影响因素进行了较为系统的分析,初步认识了思茅区地质灾害的成因机制.在此基础上,进一步提出了该地区地质灾害的防治原则和防治对策,力求有效地预防和减少地质灾害的发生.     

浙江省岱山县地质灾害发育特征及其控制因素

为对岱山县未来的地质灾害防治工作提供依据,在近两年地质灾害调查以及防治工作的基础上,总结岱山县海岛丘陵区地质灾害主要类型和分布特征,分析其发育控制因素.研究认为海岛地形坡度、地层岩性、降雨和人类工程活动是该县地质灾害发育与分布的主控因素.     

眉山市地质灾害现状及防治对策

眉山市地质灾害主要类型有滑坡、崩塌和不稳定斜坡。通过对全市地质灾害隐患点的考察和最新地质灾害信息分析,阐述了全市地质灾害隐患点的主要类型及特征,归纳了地质灾害分布特征;对全市地质灾害隐患点发育的主要影响因素进行了较为系统的分析,认识了眉山市地质灾害的成因机制。在此基础上,进一步提出了地质灾害防治原则和防治对策。     

新疆昌吉市地质灾害形成机制及防治对策

昌吉市地质灾害主要分布在南部山区,灾害类型以崩塌、滑坡和地面塌陷灾害为主,地质灾害已成为影响山区经济发展、威胁少数民族生命财产安全的重要因素。本文在实地调查的基础上,对昌吉市地质灾害的主要类型、分布特征、成因机制和诱发因素进行了分析总结,最后,提出了切实可行的防治对策。     

河南卢氏县地质灾害特征及防治措施

河南省卢氏县地质灾害类型主要有不稳定斜坡、滑坡、崩塌和泥石流等。依据2013年卢氏县地质灾害详细调查资料,阐述了该地区地质灾害的主要类型、发育特征以及在时空上的分布特征;对该地区地质灾害发育的主要影响因素进行了较为系统的分析,总结了地质灾害的成因机制;为有效预防灾害发生和减轻灾害损失,提出了地质灾害防治措施。     

广州市地质灾害现状与防治对策

在广州市地质灾害调查与区划工作基础上,通过分析广州市地质灾害时空分布现状,进一步探讨了地质灾害成因类型与地质环境条件之间的密切关系。地质环境条件差异决定了不同地质灾害类型在空间位置上的分布特点。北部低山丘陵区地质灾害点占地质灾害总数的82%。北部花岗岩分布区,由于残坡积土层厚度较大,发生崩塌、滑坡、泥石流占该灾害总数75%。外部诱发因素决定了不同地质灾害类型在时间上发生的频率和密度。其人类经济工程活动和强降雨又是诱发地质灾害的主要因素。其中,自然因素诱发占地质灾害总数的20.5%,人为因素诱发占地质灾害总数79.5%。因此,控制人类工程不合理活动和提高人民群众对地质灾害的预防意识,是减少地质灾害发生和降低或避免地质灾害造成财产损失和人员伤亡的主要措施与对策。     

层次分析法在甘肃省地质灾害易发性评价中的应用

在研究分析甘肃省内地质灾害类型和发育特点基础上,总结出甘肃省的主要致灾类型为滑坡(含崩塌)和泥石流.确立了主要灾害本身的活动规律和影响因素,厘定滑坡分布密度等历史危害性和暴雨分布等10项指标为影响地质灾害发育程度的主要凶素.采用层次分析方法建立了递阶层次结构体系,并构造出判断矩阵和特征向量,应用模糊数学方法进行了地质灾害易发区和防治区划分,取得了良好的应用效果.     

湖南桂东大塘集镇地质灾害分布特征及形成条件

湖南桂东县大塘集镇属亚热带季风湿润气候区,主要分布剥蚀构造中山、低山地貌.本文在概述区内地质环境背景条件的基础上,较详细的阐述了区内地质灾害的主要类型及其基本特征,总结了地质灾害的形成条件.区内滑坡和不稳定斜坡等地质灾害的形成与地形地貌、岩土体工程地质条件、地质构造、水文条件以及人类工程活动等多种因素密切相关.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with