高灵敏度GPS捕获技术的分析与仿真

高灵敏度GPS定位技术是当今导航领域的一个研究热点，而高灵敏度GPS捕获技术是其中最重要的部分。常用的两种高灵敏度GPS信号捕获方法是相干积分和非相干积分。根据两种方法中的数学表达、概率密度函数得到了两种方法的处理增益及其变化趋势，从而为分析接收机信号检测和评估接收机工作效果提供了重要的依据；仿真实验得到了两种方法的实际效果，验证了理论分析。     

GPS中频信号快速捕获技术分析

为解决GPS中频信号快速捕获问题,在介绍GPS码相位和载频信号捕获原理的基础上,重点阐述了基于FFT的并行GPS中频信号快速捕获方法,同时在非相干累加、接收信噪比、先验信息等方面分析了提高中频信号快速捕获的可能性,最后利用一组GPS实测数据对上述分析进行了的仿真计算。仿真结果表明基于FFT技术的中频信号快速捕获方法具有抗干扰、捕获速度快和检测低信噪比信号的能力,可以满足GPS软件接收机定位的要求。     

CORDIC算法实现GPS信号捕获研究

在GPS接收机中,对GPS信号的捕获是最为关键的第一步。对GPS信号中伪码的初始相位和信号载频的估计是捕获的两个基本任务。在某些特定的环境下,比如室内、城市街道、树林,对信号的捕获变得困难。针对这个困难可以通过提高估计精度以减少估计误差带来的相关损失。但是信号累积和估计精度的提高都需要极大地增加运算量。本文提出了将CORDIC算法引入到GPS接收机,在保证大运算量的情况下,实现快速的计算时间。介绍了GPS信号捕获的基本原理,讨论了使用CORDIC算法的必要性以及实现方法。最后通过仿真验证了CORDIC算法能够有效提高GPS接收机的捕获速度。     

一种基于FFT的GPS中频信号捕获方法

本文针对GPS导航接收机对定位信号快速捕获的要求,给出了基于FFT并行运算的GPS中频信号快速捕获方法,同时在非相干累加、接收信噪比、先验信息、弱信号等方面分析了提高中频信号快速捕获的关键技术。数据实验表明：基于FFT的快速捕获方法具有抗干扰、捕获速度快和可捕获低信噪信号的能力,满足GPS接收机快速定位的要求。     

一种改进的GPS微弱信号捕获方法

介绍了GPSL1载波中C/A码的捕获算法,以快速傅立叶变换为基础,采用相关积分和非相关积分对较长的信号进行处理,实现对GPS微弱信号的捕获.为验证这一算法,利用一组在室内采集的GPS L1C/A码IF数据,采用一般的信号捕获方法和改进的信号捕获方法分别进行了处理.结果显示,采用改进的方法捕获到了较微弱的GPS信号,提高了接收机的灵敏度.     

弱GPS信号捕获算法的仿真实验研究

针对低信噪比环境下导航的需要,文章对低信噪比环境下弱GPS信号捕获算法进行了分析,重点对相关累加、非相关累加以及多重数据位循环相关累加捕获算法的信号处理流程和算法捕获性能进行讨论。通过特定的硬件装置获得真实的GPS信号,利用Matlab对上述3种常用的弱GPS信号捕获算法进行计算机仿真研究。根据理论分析和仿真结果可以看出,多重数据位循环相关捕获算法更适合检测低信噪比环境下的GPS信号。     

基于GPS单频软件接收机的捕获与跟踪算法实现

在分析基于软件无线电全球定位系统（GPS）接收机结构的基础上,研究了GPS单频软件接收机的捕获和跟踪算法,并基于MATLAB平台在PC上仿真了GPS单频软件接收机样机。信号捕获采用基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的并行码相位搜捕算法;信号跟踪联合使用超前滞后非相干延迟锁定环和科斯塔斯环的跟踪环结构。采用实测数据对信号捕获、跟踪算法进行了分析和验证。结果表明：仿真的GPS单频软件接收机具备基本的基带信号处理功能。     

防水手持式GPS接收机

泰雷兹导航定位公司设计的MobileMapper CE手持式GPS接收机，是一种可用于GIS的GPS接收机。它可供公共安全、民航与联邦航空公司、公用事业单位、环境监测和自然资源调查的外业人员使用。该接收机可实时地提供亚米级的GPS定位。它嵌入支持各种字段软件和蓝牙无线技术，它还可置换SD存储卡和电池。这种手持式GPS接收机可在难以捕获GPS信号的环境中工作。它具有防水性能。     

GPS现代化和GPS信号重构技术的进展

介绍了GPS现代化计划和GPS信号重构技术的进展。GPS信号重构的目的是确保在某些特定区域的美军能够正常使用GPS而不受影响,而在同一区域与美军对立的一方既不能使用民用GPS信号,也不能使用GPS的军码,至于在该特定区域以外的民间GPS用户,则依然能够正常使用GPS;此外还重点介绍了由美国大地测量局(NGS)主持运行的GPS陆基增强系统(CORS)。     

BDS/GPS单频软件接收机算法研究与实现

随着卫星导航定位技术及接收机的发展,软件接收机已成为当前研究的热点之一。根据北斗卫星导航定位系统（BDS）的接口控制文档（ICD）,分析了BDS B1I信号,提出了一种基于并行码相位和并行频率捕获的算法,实现了对BDS-B1I/GPS信号的捕获跟踪、导航电文解码。利用HG-SOFTGPS02采集器采集的数据进行BDS/GPS定位,验证了该算法的可行性与合理性。     

Tracking performance of a HSGPS receiver under avalanche deposited snow

The tracking performance of High Sensitivity Global Positioning System (HSGPS) receivers under avalanche deposited snow was investigated. Two field trials were held during April 2006 in the Canadian Rocky Mountains to study the factors affecting GPS signals and positioning performance for avalanche rescue. The PLAN Group at the University of Calgary has developed the miniature Global Navigation Asset Tracker (GNAT™) which integrates the SiRFstar III HSGPS receivers with a microcontroller, onboard flash storage and a 2.4 GHz Zigbee radio modem. The test systems were placed down a 6 cm hole bored in avalanche deposited snow for 2.5 h with data collected at 1 Hz. Post-mission analysis showed average GPS signal attenuation of approximately 11 to 13 dB within the first 1.5 m of avalanche debris. Sufficient GPS signals for positioning were received by GPS receivers buried in 2.7 m of avalanche deposited snow. Methods of improving the GPS position beneath the avalanche debris were investigated, resulting in horizontal position RMS values of 7.4 and 2.8 m at depths of 2.0 and 2.68 m respectively.     

Position and velocity reliability testing in degraded GPS signal environments

Reliability testing, namely receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM), consists of statistical testing of least-squares residuals of observations, e.g., on an epoch-by-epoch basis aiming towards reliable navigation fault detection and exclusion (FDE). In this paper, classic RAIM and FDE methods are extended with testing of range-rate residuals to find inconsistent velocity solutions in order to contribute to the reliability of the system with special focus on degraded signal environments. Reliability enhancement efforts discussed include a Backward-FDE scheme based on statistical outlier detection and an iteratively reweighted robust estimation technique, a modified Danish method. In addition, measurement weighting assigned to code and Doppler observations is assessed in the paper in order to allow fitting a priori variance models to the estimation processes. The schemes discussed are also suitable in terms of computational convenience for a combined GPS/Galileo system. The objective of this paper is to assess position and velocity reliability testing and enhancement in urban and indoor conditions and to analyze the navigation accuracy conditions with high sensitivity GPS (HSGPS) tests. The results show the necessity of weighted estimation and FDE for reliability enhancement in degraded signal-environment navigation.     

A test-bed implementation of an acquisition system for indoor positioning

Indoor GNSS signals are typically received with poor signal-to-noise ratio, which impairs the acquisition stage of common global positioning system (GPS) receivers. Extending the coherent integration time increases the acquisition sensitivity, but the data-bit-rate limits the maximum achievable performance. Non-coherent processing also improves the detection performance, but indoor signals require a large amount of accumulations resulting in significant squaring loss. Moreover, both strategies have high computational complexity which fixes demanding requirements for stand alone mass-market terminals operating in real time. A sensitivity–complexity trade-off is therefore mandatory. Assisted-GPS, which is included in 3GPP specifications, reduces the overall acquisition complexity and enhances sensitivity. In this paper we describe a low-complexity-assisted data-wipe-off technique that enables the high-sensitivity acquisition of GPS signals. The method is based on the acquisition of the strongest signal in order to obtain information that eases the acquisition of the weaker ones. The analysis also addresses sources of sensitivity loss, such as Doppler effects and local oscillator inaccuracies. A test campaign with real signals and integration times up to 2 s validates the method, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed technique in indoor environments.     

基于变换域方法抑制线性调频干扰的GPS接收机设计

GPS接收机的信号通常很微弱,很容易受到有意或无意的干扰。对于线性调频干扰,在GPS接收机中很难用单一的时域或频域方法消除,因为线性调频干扰不同于一般的宽带或窄带干扰。另外线性调频干扰在变换域有不同于GPS C/A码的显著特征,基于此特点设计了一种在变换域抑制线性调频干扰的GPS接收机。分析了线性调频干扰在变换域的特征,仿真结果验证了这种设计方法的可行性。     

浅析公路GPS控制网的建立与精度分析

随着GPS定位技术的不断发展,GPS定位技术已被广泛用于各种工程控制网的建立.本文针对具体项目探讨了小区域内GPS控制网的建立、外业数据的采集和内业数据的处理,并对控制网质量进行了精度分析.     

Use of comb filters in GPS L1 receivers

Comb filters can be designed by replacing single delays in digital filters by multiple delays. These filters are “periodic” in the sense that their frequency response repeats itself at fixed intervals. They are thus well suited to a signal such as GPS L1 which has a spectrum made up of lines separated by the code repetition frequency of 1 kHz. In this paper we examine how periodic filters can be used in a conventional GPS L1 receiver. We find that comb filters assist with acquisition of weak signals, and can improve code-tracking performance.     

弱GPS/GLONASS信号捕获算法研究

本文给出了GPS/GLONASS双模接收机的总体设计方案,重点对弱信号环境下的接收机信号捕获进行了讨论,采用并行码相位搜索方法和改进的循环相关算法分别对GLONASS信号和GPS信号进行捕获;并利用真实数据对双模接收机性能进行了仿真研究,重点对接收机捕获弱信号的能力,以及在不同信噪比和不同累加数据长度下的捕获概率进行了讨论,结果表明该双模接收机在不需要较长数据长度的情况下能够捕获低信噪比环境下的卫星导航信号,提高了接收机的灵敏度。     

GPS信号的差分相关捕获算法研究

随着人们活动范围的日益扩大和周边环境的日益复杂，低信噪比环境下捕获卫星导航信号逐渐成为国内外研究的重点。本文分析两种常用的改善检测统计量信噪比的方法：相干累加和非相干累加，指出它们各自存在的问题。引出差分相关捕获算法，详细介绍差分相关捕获算法，分析了其数学模型。从理论上研究差分相关捕获算法的性能，并借助MATLAB仿真，分析各个参数对算法性能的影响，同时与相干／非相干累加算法进行比较。