基于智能手机的嵌入式空间数据采集系统研制

随着北斗定位系统、GIS、网络通讯及智能设备等技术的快速发展,基于智能手机的嵌入式移动GIS将具有高精度定位、野外数据采集、实时动态数据传输等功能。结合嵌入式GIS产品Arc GIS for Android、无线通讯技术、GPS技术、移动计算机设备等,研究人员研发了一个基于智能手机的嵌入式空间数据采集系统。该系统具有GPS定位、野外数据采集、坐标转换、数据预处理、数据存储与输出等功能,可为国土、测绘及电力等部门野外空间数据的快速获取提供技术支撑。     

土地常态化移动巡查系统的构建

针对土地常态化巡查过程中存在的信息采集效率低、数据质量低、工作量难以记录等问题,提出了基于移动GIS的土地变更常态化巡查采集系统架构,探讨了巡查工作管理、信息采集策略以及工作监管等关键技术,设计了地图显示、地类叠加分析、数据采集、轨迹点记录、数据云端同步等系统核心功能模块,经青岛市实践后,证实该系统能满足监察部门对于调查工作的基本需求,提高了常态化巡查的工作效率和采集的数据质量,同时,记录了工作人员的工作量。     

公(铁)路线调数据采集的移动GIS系统设计与实现

线调数据采集是公(铁)路设计中外业勘测工作的重要内容之一。文中应用移动GIS、移动数据库等相关技术,以提高公(铁)路线调数据采集的作业效率为目的,综合利用Eclipse开发平台及移动GIS二次开发组件,搭建基于移动端的数据采集系统的结构体系,建立公(铁)路线调数据采集平台,实现公(铁)路线调数据的前期处理、在线及离线模式下的线调数据采集功能,提出利用移动GIS进行公(铁)路线调数据采集的新模式,为摆脱传统的纸质作业模式提供新思路。     

基于iOS的移动规划平台快速搭建

随着GPS技术、无线通信技术的发展,以及i Pad、智能手机等移动终端设备的普及,移动GIS的应用研究受到越来越多的关注。本文针对传统模式下,规划工作人员获取规划信息受时空限制、工作效率低等一系列问题,基于Arc GIS for i OS设计开发移动规划平台,实现了数据浏览、地图定位、统计分析、草绘标注、图文一体查询管理等功能,使规划工作人员摆脱了必须在固定场所、固定设备上进行规划数据浏览、查询的限制,支持随时随地获取规划相关数据,满足会议、现场办公等工作环境需求,提高了工作效率,并实现了软件自动更新和数据点对点的推送发布,提高了应用灵活性。     

基于移动GIS的土地执法动态巡查系统建设

目前土地执法巡查工作存在着作业方式落后、信息化程度低、巡查效率低和巡查人员不易监督的问题。针对这些问题,通过分析土地执法巡查的业务需求和移动GIS技术的特点提出构建基于移动GIS的土地执法动态巡查系统,在此基础上完成系统总体架构设计和功能设计,分析系统实现的移动GIS技术、数据库引擎技术、Web Services技术和基于时间维的GIS管理技术,重点阐述移动GIS技术在系统中的应用,最后完成系统开发。系统的使用改善了执法巡查现状,提高了巡查效率。     

3D GIS支持下的城市地质调查

阐述了3D GIS和城市地质调查的概念和理论,在3D GIS技术支持下开展了天津市城市地质调查工作,建立了真三维地质结构并模拟了地铁2号线开挖模型,清晰、准确和形象地反映了天津市复杂的城市地质构造形态,为城市安全、地下空间开发提供了核心解决方案。     

Windows Mobile平台下绘制GIS海量数据的性能优化技术

运行于Windows Mobile操作系统下的移动GIS,由于其硬件设备的CPU处理速度慢和内存容量小,严重影响其在移动设备上的应用与推广。针对该问题,提出了开发语言的选择、渲染过程的优化控制、数据的内存映射,及各种数据格式的特殊优化处理等措施来提高移动设备上GIS海量数据的渲染性能,并在WindowsMobile平台下通过实际案例的开发研究,实践了这些技术。通过开发实践证明,采用这些技术提高了GIS数据渲染的时间效率和空间效率,方便了用户的操作。     

基于移动GIS的规划数据应用系统研究

随着移动GIS技术的发展,移动办公已逐渐成为行业应用的新趋势,本文面向规划业务的核心需求,结合移动GIS技术,应用ArcServer、 ArcGIS for iOS、WebService等技术框架、设计并开发了基于移动GIS的规划数据系统,实现基于移动端的规划数据浏览查询和分析等功能,对于提高规划业务效率具有积极作用。     

基于移动GIS的城乡规划数据动态维护系统研究

针对传统城乡规划数据动态维护工作存在的工作效率低、调查结果错误率高、调查结果难以实时更新等问题,基于移动GIS、Silverlight、ArcGIS Server、空间数据库等技术,设计开发了城乡规划数据动态维护系统,实现了规划数据浏览、查询分析、在线编辑等功能,为周边要素自动更新提供了解决方法,解决了变化数据难以实时更新的问题,提高了规划现状资料调查工作的效率和调查结果的准确度。     

基于GIS的环境地质调查综合数据库建设体系研究

地质调查业务信息化建设一般是先建立数据库,实现大量数据的高效、统一、规范化集成与管理,在此基础上,再去研究建立一个专业的、开放的平台来发布可供利用的数据,实现信息共享。本文结合环境地质调查的数据特征与信息技术,论述了环境地质调查信息发布平台的体系结构、功能结构、数据支撑体系等。利用Map GIS以及数据库、ASP.NET等技术建立起区域内环境地质调查信息发布平台,实现了环境地质空间信息和属性信息的集中发布、远程浏览查询、信息共享等功能。表明已有的技术体系和数据体系能够比较完美的实现环境地质调查工作,为专业机构和社会信息化服务。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。