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室内定位方法的可行性及准确性成为位置信息服务体系的研究热点,针对移动智能终端普及率的提高,提出了基于内置微惯性传感器的定位理念。通过采用Allan方差分析惯性器件误差参数,并基于频谱分析采用滤波降噪方案提高器件输出信噪比,结合人体运动特征准确判定步态,为零速修正算法的实现提供依据,通过建立局部区域的地磁信息数据库,实现磁匹配零速修正卡尔曼组合误差修正。实验结果验证了基于微惯性技术的室内定位方法的可行性。 相似文献
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利用建筑物中金属结构引起的地磁场扰动可以对室内的行人目标进行定位,而且基于地磁场的定位无需布设任何额外设施,因此可以以低成本实现定位。但仅靠单一的地磁技术无法满足室内定位的精度要求。为了解决磁场数据中单点定位的模糊性问题,本文提出了一种利用粒子滤波算法将PDR与地磁相融合的室内定位方法,并开发了地磁室内导航系统,以智能手机为硬件平台构建磁力计传感器模型,建立匹配轨迹的均方误差准则并实现PDR累积误差实时校正的迭代计算。在68 m×1.8 m的试验区域内,产生的平均定位误差为1.13 m,最大定位误差为2.17 m。本文算法的定位精度比单独PDR算法提升了42%;与单一地磁指纹匹配算法相比,定位精度提高了57%。试验证明,本文提出的融合算法对提高室内定位精度具有显著的作用。 相似文献
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针对室内行人定位中累积误差发散及高程值缺失的问题,提出了一种基于智能手机传感器(磁力计、加速度计、陀螺仪和气压计)的室内行人三维定位算法。该算法在使用行人航位推算获得二维定位信息的基础上,融合多传感器输出解算行人方位角,结合电子罗盘提出加权方位角以提高解算精度;通过传感器输出检测行人行为状态,结合虚拟地标点图层及其匹配算法,将行人的位置匹配到相应的特殊位置,重置行人初始位置以消除累积误差;使用基于气压计的差分气压测高法求解行人的高程值,从而获得行人三维定位信息。在智能手机上进行实验,结果表明,该算法不仅能够提供准确、连续的二维定位信息,还能提高行人对楼层的分辨力,可为室内行人导航、跟踪等基于位置服务提供有效的定位信息。 相似文献
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视觉惯性里程计(VIO)和伪卫星已经广泛应用于室内环境定位中,但在实际应用中,二者各自都有明显的缺陷。视觉里程计依赖于实际场景,在景深变化明显和光照不均匀的环境下会产生粗差,而且误差会不可避免地随着时间累积,但是在相邻帧间能保证相对高精度的位姿测量。由于受到室内多径的影响,伪卫星室内定位的精度和可靠性很难保证。为增加室内定位的可靠性和稳定性,基于抗差LM非线性优化理论,本文主要研究利用视觉惯性里程计的相邻帧间高精度位姿测量和伪卫星融合的室内高精度定位技术。该算法不仅可以抵抗粗差,而且可以减弱不同传感器间权重设置不合理带来的影响。最后使用在室内环境下搭建的高精度动态捕捉设备对组合定位方法进行实验验证。试验结果表明,该方法不依赖回环即可消除视觉惯性里程计的累积误差,有效提高室内定位精度及可靠性。利用改进的LM算法融合后场景1和场景2,相对于VIO单独定位精度分别提高了59.0%和77.5%。 相似文献
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WiFi-PDR室内组合定位的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对当前室内定位的应用需求和亟待解决的关键问题,结合城市室内环境下广泛存在的WiFi无线信号以及智能手机传感器信息,提出了一种WiFi无线信号联合行人航迹推算(PDR)的室内定位方法。该方法采用无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)算法对WiFi和PDR定位信息进行融合处理,有效克服了WiFi单点定位精度低和PDR存在累计误差的问题。针对融合算法中WiFi指纹匹配计算量大的问题,用k-means聚类算法对WiFi指纹库进行聚类处理,降低了指纹匹配算法的计算量,提高了算法的实时性。通过在华为P6-U06智能手机平台上实际测试,在时间效率上经过聚类处理后系统定位耗时有很大程度的改善,平均降幅为51%,其中最大降幅达到64%,最小的也达到了36%;在定位精度上,当室内人员为行走状态时WiFi定位平均误差为7.76m,PDR定位平均误差为4.57m,UKF滤波融合后平均定位误差下降到1.24m。 相似文献
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行人航迹推算(PDR)是室内定位领域中应用最广泛,最廉价有效的一种定位方法,但其误差会随时间而累积。为了有效减少航迹推算的累计误差,基于航迹推算原理建立了粒子滤波模型,辅以室内地图约束粒子传播方向;同时提出虚拟路标匹配算法克服传统定位方法中由于航向角变化误差模型不准确导致定位失败的缺点。结果表明,该算法可以有效的提高航迹推算的稳健性。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析,导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础,同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
介绍“4D”(即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图)系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献