南岭与中生代花岗岩类有关的成矿作用及其大地构造背景

由于受到来自印支半岛的挤压,在华南内部发生了以碰撞-挤压-推覆-隆升为主的印支造山运动。南岭地区印支期花岗岩（240～205Ma）主要形成于碰撞及“后碰撞”（post-collision）的动力学环境,但没有造成大规模的金属成矿作用。南岭地区从燕山期进入后造山（post-orogeny）地球动力学环境。从花岗岩类的成矿学特征及其大陆动力学背景出发,尝试把燕山期划分为早、中,晚三期。南岭地区燕山早期（185～170Ma）出现了玄武质岩浆活动、双峰式岩浆活动、A型花岗岩及板内高钾钙碱性岩浆活动,反映了岩石圈的局部“伸展一裂解”和地幔物质的上涌,伴随Pb,Zn,Cu,Au成矿作用。燕山中期南岭地区岩石圈全面拉张一减薄,地幔上涌一玄武质岩浆底侵引发大规模的地壳熔融,导致大范围陆壳重熔型花岗岩的生成。该期的第一阶段（170～150Ma）以大规模花岗岩类侵位为主,第二阶段（150～140Ma）花岗岩类活动很少,却发生了W,Sn及其他稀有金属的大规模成矿作用。燕山晚期虽然是华南地区岩石圈全面发生裂解的时期,但由于受太平洋构造体系的影响,在南岭东端至东南沿海广大地区,燕山晚期（140～65Ma）出现了先挤压、后拉张的动力学背景,在100Ma前形成的钙碱性和橄榄安粗两个系列的岩浆活动,伴随Au,Ag,Pb—Zn,Cu,（Mo,Sn）等成矿作用。而在南岭地区,该时期花岗质火山-侵入杂岩及基性岩脉等广泛发育,有关的成矿作用以火山岩型U矿、斑岩型Sn矿,以及印支期花岗岩中的铀活化成矿作用为特征。     

Zircon U‐Pb Dating on Granitoids from the Northern South China Sea and its Geotectonic Relevance

Zircon U-Pb ages of 163.8–100.4 Ma and 146.6–134.5?Ma are obtained for the granitoids from the Pearl River mouth basin, and from southern Guangdong Province, respectively. These new dating data accord well with the crystallization ages of Yanshanian granitoids broadly in the Nanling. The active continental margin of South China, as revealed by a combination of zircon U-Pb data, underwent a key granitoid-dominated magmatism in 165–100?Ma. Its evolution varied temporally, and spatially, registering under control of the paleo-Pacific slab subduction. The granitoids that occurred in 165–150?Ma broadly from the South China Sea to the Nanling are preferably related to two settings from volcanic-arc to back-arc extension, respectively. The activities of Cretaceous granitoids migrated from the southeastern Guangdong (148–130?Ma) to the Pearl River Mouth basin (127–112?Ma), corresponding to the model of a retreating subduction. The subduction-related granitoid magmatism in South China continued until 108–97?Ma. A tectonic transformation from slab-subduction to extension should occur at ~100?Ma.     

华南东部中生代岩浆作用的动力学背景及其与铀成矿关系

中国东南大陆在中生代岩浆作用十分强烈 ,形成了大批稀有和有色金属矿床。发生在早中生代 (T)的印支运动和晚中生代 (J K)的燕山运动是发动该区岩浆作用和成矿作用的动力条件。印支运动在区域挤压框架下导致华南大陆发生板内伸展作用 ,形成印支期花岗岩。燕山运动是相对于印支运动的后造山地质事件 ,以岩石圈发生强烈裂解为特征 ,诱发了大规模岩浆活动 ,并形成了丰富的矿产资源。受燕山期构造 岩浆热事件叠加的印支期花岗岩与铀成矿关系密切 ,可能是铀源体。因此 ,在华南的铀矿找矿工作应加强对印支期花岗岩分布格局和成矿因素的研究     

南岭东段早侏罗世沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义——以东坑盆地为例

印支造山运动是华南早中生代最重要的构造-岩浆事件,它在很大程度上影响了华南现今的地形和地貌特点。本文研究了南岭东段赣南早侏罗世东坑火山岩盆地沉积岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年代,获得最显著的年龄峰值为196Ma、238Ma、364Ma和427Ma,表明该沉积岩并不是外来的震旦纪-寒武纪变质岩,而是早侏罗世裂谷火山盆地的沉积物。缺乏260～290Ma的锆石年龄,很可能反映物质为近源来源。通过与闽西南晚三叠世和华南内陆中-晚二叠世沉积砂岩中碎屑锆石年龄谱对比,反映华南印支早期(290～260Ma)岩浆活动主体在东南沿海地区,晚期(240～200Ma)主体发育在内陆地区。大量印支期侵入岩锆石的出现也很可能表明华南内陆印支造山带在～190Ma已经经历了相当程度的垮塌。     

华南燕山早期晚阶段两类花岗质岩体与成矿作用：以赣南—闽西南地区为例

华南燕山早期晚阶段花岗岩(170~150 Ma)分布广泛,且与成矿关系密切。该时期的花岗岩具有两种不同的分布格局:在南岭东段地区以东西向分布,在武夷山地区呈北东向分布,这些花岗质岩石具有不同的地球化学特征。赣南地区出露的小岩株与钨锡成矿关系密切,具有钨锡找矿潜力,在地球化学特征上明显不同于同时代出露的大岩基。东西向展布的小岩株与同时代的大岩基可能是由时代相当于元古宙中等成熟度的陆壳富泥砂质变质沉积岩部分熔融形成,小岩株在岩浆演化过程中经历了流体相参与的高程度的分异作用,是岩浆演化到晚期阶段的产物;而北东向分布的岩体可能是由中元古代泥质变质沉积岩部分熔融所形成。该时期南岭及邻区大陆岩石圈以伸展背景为主,而整体上中国东南部大部分地区已处于东亚活动大陆边缘构造体制作用下,古太平洋板块朝东亚陆缘的北西向碰撞挤压作用已经显现。     

湘南王仙岭花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学、锆石Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

湘南王仙岭岩体由主体电气石黑云母花岗岩和侵入其内部的黑云母二长花岗岩组成,LA-MC-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年显示电气石黑云母花岗岩形成于印支期(235.0±1.3Ma),黑云母二长花岗岩形成于燕山期(155.9±1.0Ma),表明该岩体是两期岩浆活动的产物。这两期岩石均为高钾钙碱性系列,A/CNK值为1.07～1.66,属过铝-强过铝质花岗岩类。稀土元素显示LREE富集,HREE亏损,Eu负异常明显(0.01～0.38)的特征。早期电气石黑云母花岗岩和晚期黑云母二长花岗岩的εHf(t)值分别为-7.92～+4.61和-10.66～-5.35;两阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)分别为1758～967Ma和1875～1538Ma。两期花岗岩均来自于古中元古代地壳物质重熔,其中早期电气石黑云母花岗岩在侵位上升过程中捕获了部分幔源老锆石,成岩过程中有少量地幔物质参与,且其源区具有高εHf(t)值的特点。综合前人研究成果,本文认为华南中生代印支期和燕山期均有钨锡矿化作用,印支期花岗质岩浆形成于碰撞挤压作用间隙伸展环境,而燕山期花岗质岩浆可能形成于大陆边缘弧后伸展环境。     

Diagenetic and Mineralization Age of the Hehuaping Tin-polymetallic Orefield, Hunan Province

The Hehuaping tin deposit is a large deposit found in recent years during geological surveys. The discovered tin deposit includes not only rock-alteration type deposits in fault zones, but also deposits developed in interstratified rupture zones between Devonian carbonate rocks (Qiziqiao Formation) and sandstone (Tiaomajian Formation). The finding of tin deposits of the latter type has greatly enriched tin-mineralization types in the famous Nanling polymetallic metallogenetic region and may provide us with a new potential orientation for prospecting of tin deposits in the region. It is commonly believed that the forming of the tin deposits in the Nanling region should be related to the Yanshanian instead of Indosinian granitic magmatism. Systematical zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating in this paper shows that tin mineralizations have endured at least two stages. The early stage should be related to the intrusion of the main body of the Wangxianling granite, which was emplaced during the Indosinian period with a diagenetic and mineralized age of 224.0±1.9 Ma (MSWD=0.54), and the late stage should be related to the intrusion of Yanshanian granitic porphyry that took place after 142±3 Ma (MSWD=0.5).     

Phanerozoic magmatic evolution and metallogenesis in the Eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces,China

ABSTRACT

The eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces in China are located at the junction between the Paleo-Asian Ocean and Circum-Pacific metallogenic domains, and have been affected by the temporal transition between these domains and their superposition, resulting in intensive and complicated mineralization events. This paper provides a progress in exploration for, and geological research into, endogenic metal deposits and related magmatite in the eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. Four richly mineralized areas are recognized: (1) the Lesser Xing’an–Zhuangguangcai Range metallogenic belt; (2) the Jiamusi–Khanka metallogenic belt; (3) the Yanbian metallogenic belt; and (4) the Wandashan metallogenic belt. Four temporal peaks in magmatism and metallogenesis are identified: (1) Hercynian orogenic Au deposits (260–250 Ma) show a close relationship with magmatism related to a transitional syn- to post-collisional tectonic setting; (2) Indosinian orthomagmatic ore deposits (230–210 Ma) show a close relationship to mafic–ultramafic magmatism in a post-collision extensional setting; (3) porphyry Mo deposits and skarn deposits of the Late Triassic to the Early Jurassic (200–170 Ma) formed in a continental arc setting, triggered by slab subduction; and (4) late Yanshanian large-scale mineralization was caused by tectonic extension at 133–106 Ma. Yanshanian felsic magmatism shows clear metallogenetic specialization; i.e. each rock type hosts a different type of deposit.     

Chronology of the Tungsten Deposits in Southern Jiangxi Province,and Episodes and Zonation of the Regional W‐Sn Mineralization – Evidence from High‐precision Zircon U‐Pb,Molybdenite Re‐Os and Muscovite Ar‐Ar Ages

Previous studies have obtained some petrogenetic and metallogenic chronological data with SHRIMP (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe) zircon U-Pb, zircon LA-ICPMS (laser-ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy) U-Pb, molybdenite Re-Os isochron and muscovite Ar-Ar methods in southern Jiangxi Province and its adjacent areas. Based on these, the purpose of this paper is to study the petrogenetic and metallogenic ages and their time gap for different genetic types of W-Sn deposits, and thus to research their numerous episodes, zonal arrangement and their geodynamic background. The result shows that the large-scale W-Sn mineralization in southern Jiangxi Province occurred in the middle to late Jurassic (170–150 Ma), the skarn W-Sn-polymetallic deposits formed much earlier (170–161 Ma), and all of the wolframite – quartz vein type, greisen type, altered granite type and fractured zone type tungsten deposits formed in the late Jurassic (160–150 Ma). In one ore field or ore district, greisen type tungsten deposits formed earlier than quartz vein type ones hosted in the endo- or exo-contact zone; and quartz vein type hosted in the endocontact zone formed earlier than that of exocontact zone. There is no significant time difference between tungsten-tin mineralization and its intimately associated parent granite emplacement (1–6 Ma). They all formed in the same rock-forming and ore-forming system and under the same geodynamic setting. Regionally, rock-forming and ore-forming processes of the W-Sn deposits in the Nanling region (include southern Jiangxi Province, southern Hunan Province, northern Guangdong Province and eastern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) exhibit numerous episodes. The mineralization in the Nanling region mainly occurred at (240–210) Ma, (170–150) Ma and (130–90) Ma. The tungsten-tin deposits in this region are centered by the largest scale in southern Jiangxi Province and southern Hunan Province, and become small in the east, west, south and north directions. This displays a zonal arrangement and temporal and spatial distribution regularity. Integrated with the latest research results, it is concluded that the W-Sn mineralization in southern Jiangxi Province and its adjacent areas corresponds to the second large-scale mineralization in South China. The Indosinian W-Sn mineralization formed under the extensional tectonic regime between collisional compressional stages, while the Yanshanian large-scale petrogenetic and metallogenic processes occurred in the Jurassic intraplate extensional geodynamic setting of lithosphere extension.     

南沙微地块花岗质岩石LA ICP MS锆石U Pb定年及其地质意义

南沙微地块一直被作为华南大陆的一部分,但缺乏基底岩石学证据的支持。本文首次报道了南沙微地块花岗质岩石岩浆锆石年龄。测年方法为激光剥蚀等离子体质谱（LAICPMS）测年技术。在站位S0818获得2个斜长花岗岩样品年龄: 分别为159.1±1.6 Ma和157.8±1.0 Ma,在站位S0832获得两个二长花岗岩样品年龄: 分别为153.6±0.3 Ma和127.2±0.2 Ma, 表明它们为燕山期晚侏罗世—早白垩世岩浆事件的产物。其中153～159 Ma年龄值可与南岭燕山期花岗岩年龄比较,而127 Ma年龄值可与浙闽沿海燕山期花岗岩年龄对比。一个样品中存在一个年龄为656.7 Ma的残余锆石核,结合中西沙发现的前寒武纪基底岩石资料,表明南海内散落的微地块可能广泛存在前寒武纪结晶基底,本区中生代花岗岩为古老陆壳重熔形成的。这一新的资料,对研究燕山期岩浆作用在中国南部的影响范围、南海微陆块前寒武纪地质及微陆块的裂离动力学都具有重要意义。     

湖南锡田矿田花岗岩时空分布与钨锡成矿关系:来自锆石U-Pb年代学与岩石地球化学的约束

锡田钨锡多金属矿田位于南岭成矿带中段,发育多期次岩浆活动与钨锡成矿. 为了厘清花岗岩与钨锡成矿的时空关系,采用野外调查、显微鉴定、锆石U-Pb同位素定年与岩石地球化学的方法对矿田内多期次花岗岩岩体（脉）的空间分布、岩石类型、成岩时代、地球化学组成等进行了研究. 结果表明,锡田矿田发生了三期岩浆事件,分别为加里东期（435~441 Ma）、印支期（220~230 Ma）、燕山期（141~160 Ma）;三期花岗岩普遍富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、U、Th等,亏损Ti、P、Sr、Ba等微量元素,具明显的负Eu异常,其中加里东期花岗岩与印支期花岗岩为S型花岗岩,而燕山期花岗岩为A型花岗岩;不同时期花岗岩中的成矿元素从加里东期→印支期→燕山期逐渐升高,特别是W、Sn元素在燕山期白云母与二云母花岗岩中最为富集,这与华南地区燕山期钨锡大爆发的时间是一致的;印支期岩体接触带发育少量矽卡岩型Fe-Cu-W多金属矿床,燕山期岩体接触带也发育矽卡岩型W-Sn多金属矿床,并在附近陡倾的张裂隙中发育多个中大型石英脉型W-Sn矿床,而加里东期岩体附近尚未发现钨锡矿化. 因此,锡田矿田的多期次花岗岩与钨锡多金属成矿是时空耦合的,且成矿以燕山期矽卡岩型与石英脉型钨锡矿为主.      

浙江建德岭后铜矿磁黄铁矿Re Os年代学 特征及成矿意义

浙江建德岭后铜矿床位于扬子板块与华夏板块之间的钦杭结合带的北东段,矿化主要发育于中石炭统黄龙组下段灰质白云岩中及花岗闪长斑岩侵入体与其接触带上。挑选块状铜矿体中的磁黄铁矿进行Re Os同位素年代学研究,获得等时线年龄为121±12Ma和122.5±8.7Ma。结合前人的研究成果及本次的年代学研究,认为岭后铜矿是在古生代海底喷流成矿作用的基础上受到中生代岩浆作用的改造、富集而形成的,是海底热水沉积—热液叠加改造型矿床。中生代的热液叠加成矿作用受到华南地区岩石圈伸展、减薄作用的影响,是中国东部燕山期第三次大规模成矿作用的结果。本次研究也为在浙江西部地区寻找与中生代岩浆活动有关的成矿作用提供了证据。     

Ar–Ar Ages of Hydrothermal Muscovite and Igneous Biotite at the Guposhan–Huashan District,Northeast Guangxi,South China: Implications for Mesozoic W–Sn Mineralization

The Guposhan–Huashan district is an important W–Sn–Sb–Zn–(Cu) metallogenic area in South China. It is located in the middle‐west segment of the Nanling Range. Granitoids in the Guposhan–Huashan district possess certain properties of A‐type or I‐type granites. The W–Sn–Sb–Zn mineralization in the district is closely associated with magma emplacement. Two igneous biotite and seven hydrothermal muscovite samples from skarn, veins and greisenization ores were analyzed by Ar–Ar methods. Two igneous biotite samples from fine‐grained quartz monzodiorite and fine‐grained biotite granite show plateau ages of 168.7 ± 1.9 Ma and 165.0 ± 1.1 Ma, respectively. Seven hydrothermal muscovite samples from ores yield plateau ages as two groups: 165 Ma to 160 Ma and 104 Ma to 100 Ma. These data suggest that the emplacement of fine‐grained granitoids in this district is coeval with the main phase magma emplacement, different from previous studies. The W–Sn–Sb–Zn mineralization took place in two stages, i.e. the Middle–Late Jurassic and early Cretaceous. W–Sn mineralization in the Guposhan–Huashan district is closely related to the magmatism, which was strongly influenced by underplating of asthenospheric mantle along trans‐lithospheric deep faults and related fractures.     

南岭地区油山岩体和坪田岩体形成年龄及其地质意义

南岭地区的油山岩体和坪田岩体位于诸广山复式岩体东侧,以前的研究认为它们都属于燕山期花岗岩。对油山岩体和坪田岩体进行的LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 年代学研究结果表明,油山岩体的成岩年龄为（213.4±3.0） Ma,坪田岩体（西北部）的成岩年龄为（238.8±2.2） Ma,因此油山岩体应属于印支期岩体,而坪田岩体可能是一个印支-燕山早期复式岩体,而非前人所划定的燕山期岩体。此外,两个岩体内含有太古代和541 Ma~1 642 Ma 的继承锆石,暗示物源区曾存在太古代和元古代地壳,经历过多期次的岩浆作用。部分油山岩体锆石在CL图像上表现出具有暗色边部的特征,这些暗色边可能与后期热液作用影响有关,其时代为燕山期,表明油山岩体在燕山期受到了流体作用的影响,坪田岩体锆石也存在较窄的暗色边,也是受后期热液作用影响所造成。     

南岭稀土花岗岩、钨锡花岗岩及其成矿作用的对比

南岭地区的钨锡和稀土矿床都与花岗岩类有直接成因联系,但二者的成矿作用有许多不同之处.钨锡是典型的热液成矿,而稀土则主要形成于风化作用.随着花岗岩类的分异演化,岩石中的W、Sn等元素含量逐渐增加,因此钨锡等矿床主要与高度分异演化的晚阶段小岩体有关;但是稀土的表现与钨锡不同,由于花岗岩类的分异演化导致稀土栽体黑云母及许多副矿物的减少,因此稀土元素含量在晚阶段岩体中反而降低.赣南的五里亭-大吉山岩体、桂东北的花山-姑婆山岩体等提供了很好的范例.因此,南岭地区与风化壳型稀土矿床有关的岩石主要有:印支期准铝质花岗岩,燕山期A型花岗岩,燕山中-晚期黑云母二长花岗岩等.     

湖南锡田钨锡多金属矿床成矿地质特征及成矿模式

通过对锡田钨锡多金属矿床地质特征的研究,认为锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿体的形态、产状及空间展布严格受岩体接触带及断裂构造控制;矿床类型主要为矽卡岩型,其次为破碎带蚀变岩型、云英岩型等;钨锡多金属成矿作用与岩浆活动密切相关:印支期花岗岩浆侵位形成矽卡岩型钨锡矿(化)体;燕山期花岗岩浆侵位导致早期矿化矽卡岩发生叠加矿化,同时在构造破碎带中形成云英岩型锡矿或破碎带蚀变岩型钨锡多金属矿体,是形成规模巨大的钨锡多金属工业矿床的必要条件.此外,提出了锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿的成矿模式.     

Magmatic‐Hydrothermal Mineralization Sequence in Xinlu Ore Field,Guangxi, South China: Constraints from Zircon U‐Pb,Molybdenite Re‐Os,and Muscovite Ar‐Ar Dating

The Xinlu Sn‐polymetallic ore field is located in the western Nanling Polymetallic Belt in northeastern Guangxi, South China, where a number of typical skarn‐, hydrothermal vein‐type tin deposits have developed. There are two types of Sn deposits: skarn‐type and sulfide‐quartz vein‐type. The tin mineralizations mainly occur on the south side of the Guposhan granitic complex pluton and within its outer contact zone. To constrain the Sn mineralization age and further understand its genetic links to the Guposhan granitic complex, a series of geochronological works has been conducted at the Liuheao deposit of the ore field using high‐precision zircon SHRIMP U‐Pb, molybdenite Re‐Os, and muscovite Ar‐Ar dating methods. The results show that the biotite‐monzogranite, which is part of the Xinlu intrusive unit of the Guposhan complex pluton, has a SHRIMP U‐Pb zircon age of 161.0 ± 1.5 Ma. The skarn‐type ore has a ⁴⁰Ar‐³⁹Ar muscovite plateau age of 160 ± 2 Ma (same as its isochron age), and the sulfide‐quartz vein‐type ore yields an Re‐Os molybdenite isochron age of 154.4 ± 3.5 Ma. The magmatic‐hydrothermal geochronological sequence demonstrated that the hydrothermal mineralization took place immediately following the emplacement of the monzogranite, with the skarn metasomatic mineralization stage predating the sulfide mineralization stage. Geochronologically, we have compared this ore field with 26 typical Sn deposits distributed along the Nanling Polymetallic Belt, leading to the suggestion of the magmatic‐metallogenic processes in the Xinlu ore field (ca. 161–154 Ma) as a component of the Early Yanshanian large‐scale Sn‐polymetallic mineralization event (peaked at 160–150 Ma) in the Nanling Range of South China. Petrogenesis of Sn‐producing granite and Sn‐polymetallic mineralization were probably caused by crust–mantle interaction as a result of significant lithospheric extension and thinning in South China in the Late Jurassic.     

华南中生代动力体制转换与钨锡锂铍铌钽稀土矿床成矿系列的叠加演化

华南陆块中生代受古特提斯构造域和滨太平洋构造域两大动力学体系控制,形成了独具特色的华南大花岗岩区和巨量稀有金属富集的成矿省.在印支期-燕山期动力体制转换的背景下,华南陆块内同一构造单元经历了不同世代、不同源区、多个类型岩浆作用相关的矿床成矿(亚)系列的叠加和演化,其叠加成矿机理是华南中生代大规模成矿作用研究的关键,其复...     

燕山早期花岗岩基印支期侵位的岩浆动力学证据及构造 意义:基于南岭8个岩体侵位年龄计算结果

根据各花岗岩体地质构造特征、有关的热物理参数及主体花岗岩的放射性元素含量,采用简化的立方体数学模型计 算得出:南岭地区8个花岗岩基侵位后,其初始温度降低至结晶温度所需的时间(Δtcol)为3.9(金鸡岭)~5.5 Ma(九峰); 由于结晶潜热释放而使结晶过程延长的时间(ΔtL) 为2.6~3.5 Ma ;花岗岩浆侵位后产生的放射成因热使结晶过程延长的 时间(Δt A)为 5.2(陂头)~45.1 Ma(姑婆山) 。南岭地区 8 个燕山早期花岗岩基的侵位-结晶时差(△t ECTD)为 12.1(陂头) ~52.2 Ma(姑婆山), 结合锆石U-Pb年龄通过反演计算得出其侵位年龄 (tE ) 为194.4 (陂头)~219.3 Ma(九峰)。这为 南岭燕山早期花岗岩基属于印支期侵位提供了重要的岩浆动力学佐证, 揭示出近东西向展布的南岭晚中生代造山带具有印 支期构造格架(以侵位年龄为代表)和燕山早期花岗岩(以锆石 U-Pb 年龄为代表) 的双重特征。     

南岭地区中生代主要成锡花岗岩地质地球化学特征与锡矿成矿规律

南岭中生代成锡花岗岩系花岗质岩浆多期或多阶段侵位和结晶的产物。空间上往往集中成群成带分布,构成多个复式岩基,明显受华夏和扬子两大地块接合部NE向深大断裂及NW向隐伏深大断裂的控制;中生代成锡花岗岩主要侵位于燕山期,成矿作用主要有两期,一是早期矽卡岩化导致锡的初步富集,二是晚期岩浆热液叠加形成了工业锡矿床。锡成矿作用与燕山期伸展背景下的大规模花岗岩浆活动密切相关。