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本文从描述流体流动的基本方程出发,推导了地下水在岩体结构面系统中运移的有限元方程,并基于这一方程编制了地下水在岩体中流动的三维数值模拟程序。 相似文献
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越流含水层系统中的溶质运移方程 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
越流含水层系统在我国分布十广泛,但国内有关越流含水层系统的地下水污染模型尚见报导,为建立越流含水层系统地下水污染的数学模型,本文导出了包括越流和井流项的溶质运移方程。 相似文献
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地下水年龄蕴含了地下水循环与演化过程的信息,是研究盆地地下水循环规律的重要信息来源。利用实测示踪剂年龄校正地下水模型,是当前国际水文地质学研究的前沿与热点。在数值模拟计算中,地下水年龄有三种确定方法,分别是利用"活塞流"模型计算对流年龄、根据同位素浓度结合半衰期计算浓度模拟年龄和利用地下水年龄控制方程计算直接模拟年龄。利用地下水年龄控制方程计算的直接模拟年龄适合于从理论上分析盆地中的地下水年龄空间分布规律。研究发现,在各级次流动系统内,从补给区到排泄区,地下水年龄有整体上变老的趋势;盆地下游,地下水年龄在垂向上会发生突变,可作为识别不同级次流动系统的实用指标。研究还发现,驻点位置或者附近,地下水年龄存在一个偏大的峰值。这些规律可为利用地下水年龄校正盆地地下水模型提供理论指导。 相似文献
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CFCs法在鄂尔多斯白垩系地下水盆地浅层地下水年龄研究中的应用 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
鄂尔多斯白垩系地下水盆地是中国重要的能源基地,利用CFCS方法对鄂尔多斯白垩系地下水盆地年轻地下水年龄进行测定,取得了比较准确的结果。结果表明,盆地地下水系统可以分为局部地下水系统、中间地下水系统和区域地下水系统。地下水盆地内局部地下水系统地下水循环更替快,年龄为20 a左右,地下水年龄随深度增加而增加;中间地下水系统和区域地下水系统地下水循环更替相对较慢,年龄大于70 a,可以寻求14C等其他同位素方法确定准确年龄。 相似文献
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基于对岩体边坡中地下水的存在性态及怍用机理分析,提出了实用排水模型;建立了排水微分控制方程,通过敏感性分析求解此方程得到岩体中地下水的优化排水方向。此成果在岩体边坡及洞室中地下水渗流、库岸边坡岩体中地下水的有效排泄、岩体滑坡有效排水等方面具有重要的实用价值,丰富了岩体水力学及山地灾害学的科学内涵。 相似文献
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水资源系统中地下水系统数学模型研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
地下水系统作为水资源系统的珍上有机组成的部分,与地表水、土壤水、大气水之间有着极其密切的联系。从水资源系统出发,研究地下水与地表水、土壤水、大气水之间的内在转化关系,并将此种联系定量化耦合进地下水系统模拟模型,从而建立统一于水资源系统的地下水系统数学模型。这是械建大气、植物、包气带地下水系统(GSPAC)统一体的重要组成部分。研究表明,所建模型对于准确预测地下水动态变化、提高地下水资源评价的精度和 相似文献
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在建立地下水系统定量模型中,为了提高模型的仿真度和可靠性,提出了地下水系统整体拟合的构思,并对此进行了系统的定性分析。初步探讨了地下水系统整体拟合的理论基础及其建模的操作性,还展望了地下水系统整体拟合的研究方向。 相似文献
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依据南水北调中线干渠资料,开展了正常输水情况下串联明渠内可溶污染物浓度分布规律数值模拟研究。采用数值模拟、数学归纳和统计分析方法,提出表征污染物输移扩散特征的峰值输移距离、污染带长度和峰值浓度的快速预测公式;通过示范工程验证了快速预测公式的可行性。结果表明:①串联明渠内,峰值输移距离随渠道流速减小而减小,并且污染带长度增加值随明渠内流速减小而减小,但是峰值浓度随明渠流速减小而增加;②快速预测公式计算结果与现场试验实测结果的误差均不到15%,证明了快速预测公式的合理性和可行性。这些研究结果为南水北调中线工程突发可溶性水污染事件应急预警方案的制定提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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ZHENHUA JIANG 《Sedimentology》1995,42(6):935-945
A new model, which couples fluid and particle dynamics, has been developed to study the motion of the sediment-water mixture during intense bedload transport, including the velocity profiles of both sediment and water, the roughness length of an upper plane bed and the thickness of moving sediment layers. Standard mixing length theory is used to model the motion of water above the boundary between the overlying water and the sediment-water mixture. The turbulent flow within the moving sediment layers is described by a shear stress model, in which the effective viscosity of the flowing water is proportional to the velocity difference between the fluid and the sediment. The particle dynamics method, in which the equations of motion of each of many particles are solved directly, is applied to model the movement of sediment particles. The particle-fluid interaction is expressed by a velocity-squared fluid drag force exerted on each sediment particle. Both computer simulation results and theoretical analysis have shown that the velocities of both sediment and fluid during intense sediment transport decrease exponentially with depth in the top layers of a fast-moving sediment—water mixture. The thickness of the moving sediment layers, obtained from the computer simulation results, is proportional to the shear stress, which agrees with previous experimental observations. 相似文献
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Kun Sang Lee 《Hydrogeology Journal》2014,22(1):251-262
Numerical investigations and a thermohydraulic evaluation are presented for two-well models of an aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system operating under a continuous flow regime. A three-dimensional numerical model for groundwater flow and heat transport is used to analyze the thermal energy storage in the aquifer. This study emphasizes the influence of regional groundwater flow on the heat transfer and storage of the system under various operation scenarios. For different parameters of the system, performances were compared in terms of the temperature of recovered water and the temperature field in the aquifer. The calculated temperature at the producing well varies within a certain range throughout the year, reflecting the seasonal (quarterly) temperature variation of the injected water. The pressure gradient across the system, which determines the direction and velocity of regional groundwater flow, has a substantial influence on the convective heat transport and performance of aquifer thermal storage. Injection/production rate and geometrical size of the aquifer used in the model also impact the predicted temperature distribution at each stage and the recovery water temperature. The hydrogeological-thermal simulation is shown to play an integral part in the prediction of performance of processes as complicated as those in ATES systems. 相似文献
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河口地区感潮河段水动力过程复杂,为在突发水污染事故中合理制定精细化应急方案,基于环境流体水动力模型(EFDC)从水动力学角度对不同水文条件下深圳河口水域突发水污染事故的影响范围、时间及程度进行了数值模拟分析,提出了一种判断河口海湾地区主导水动力因素的分析方法。采用基于傅里叶变换的频谱分析法对事故中污染物输移扩散的主要影响因子进行了准确识别,并采用单因变量多因素方差分析法进行了印证。结果表明,潮流是感潮河段水动力过程的主要驱动因素,但在突发水污染事故中,深圳河各断面特征污染物浓度变化与陆地径流关系密切,径流是感潮河段内突发事故中特征污染物输移的主导动力因素。 相似文献
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生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液对潜层地下水污染的实验模拟分析——以北京北天堂垃圾填埋场为例 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过对北京市西郊南部北天堂垃圾填埋场渗滤污染组分在含水介质中运移的室内模拟实验分析,揭示了有机污染物等污染组分在含水介质中的运移转化规律,即有机污染物等污染组分在微生物的作用下得到降解;通过阻滞因子和水化学迁移率的计算,得出该含水介质对污染组分的阻滞能力较好。可用水化学迁移率粗略预测不同污染质锋面达到指定地点的时间,为垃圾填埋场地底部防渗层的设计和渗滤液对地下水污染程度的预报提供依据。 相似文献
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基于溶质运移模拟的某化工场地污染物对拟建水库污染风险预测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
溶质运移模拟是污染风险预测的一种有效手段。本研究为查明研究区内某有机污染场地作为污染源对拟建水库的影响,基于对区内流场的精确测量,建立了准确的地下水流模型和化工厂泄露有机污染物的溶质运移模型,预测分析了研究区拟建水库修建前、后地下水流场及污染物迁移情形的变化。模拟结果表明:水库和周边两种设计水头的截渗沟建成后,改变了自然条件下的流场,形成水库向截渗沟排泄、截渗沟向周边排泄以及水库和周边区域均向截渗沟排泄两种地下水流场。某些污染羽扩散范围虽比自然条件下有所增大,但向水库方向的扩散均未超出300 m,不会对水库水质构成污染风险。 相似文献
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In the development of oil and gas reservoirs, the transport of miscible fluids in porous rocks is a key issue for oil and gas recovery. The simplified unidirectional flow model is employed to investigate the effects of the viscosity ratio on dispersion in semi-infinite homogenous media. The viscosity is supposed to be unsteady due to changing component concentration over time. In cases of both a viscosity ratio larger and less than 1, the pollutant concentration and flow velocity are computed at different initial conditions and viscosity ratios. The analytical solutions are then developed by introducing new variables and transforming the equation governing advection–diffusion equation in semi-infinite homogeneous media with a continuous source. A comparison of the numerical solution with the analytical solution revealed a similarity over 98%, highlighting the usability of the analytical solution. If the viscosity ratio is larger than 1, flow velocity declines exponentially and concentration attenuates with transporting time. In addition, the timescale plays a significant role and the effects become more prominent in long-term transport. In the case of a viscosity ratio less than 1, both the timescale and viscosity ratio variables have little influence on the changing speed of the concentration profile. This work helps to predict the position and the time required to reach the harmless pollutant concentration when monitoring fracturing fluids transportation into groundwater system and would be especially useful in designing and interpreting laboratory experiments studying the miscible flow. 相似文献