基于遥感与GIS的乌审旗土地利用变化研究

在遥感与GIS技术支持下,以乌审旗1986-2005年5期TM影像为主要数据源,运用土地利用动态度和土地利用转移矩阵对土地利用的数量变化进行了研究.运用定量与定性相结合的景观空间格局分析方法,对土地利用景观格局特征的动态变化进行了分析,并利用社会经济数据对土地利用变化的人为驱动力进行了分析.研究表明:(1)20年间各土地利用类型经历着"涨势"与"落势"的波动.从各土地利用类型的转化方向来看.林地、草地和沙地相互转换频繁;耕地主要转变为林地、草地和沙地;水域主要向其他未利用地转换,其他未利用地主要向草地和沙地转换,工矿用地没有转出.从2005年各土地利用类型的转化来源看,耕地主要是由林地、沙地和草地转变而来;林地主要由沙地和草地转变而来;草地主要是由沙地和林地转变而来;水域主要是由沙地和耕地转变而来;居民地主要是由沙地、草地和林地转变而来;其他未利用地主要是由草地、水域和林地转变而来.(2)土地利用景观格局演变特征表现为:除居民点外各类景观斑块形状指数都呈增加趋势;除水域外,各类景观斑块密度下降、分离度减少;全旗景观优势度下降、多样性升高.(3)人为因素中的人口增长、经济发展以及生态工程的实施对土地利用变化起重要作用.     

2000-2010年中国退牧还草工程区土地利用/覆被变化

在3S技术支持下,结合景观格局定量分析方法,基于30 m分辨率的土地利用/覆被数据,对中国退牧还草工程区2000-2010年土地利用/覆被时空分布特征进行研究。通过利用土地利用转移矩阵和动态度来判定土地利用变化的速度和区域差异,并在斑块类型和景观水平上分析研究区景观格局特征,探讨土地利用格局变化的生态效应。结果表明：①近10年来,研究区土地利用/覆被类型以草地和其他类用地为主,整体内部结构稳定少动。草地变化面积仅占2000年草地总面积的0.37%;林地、湿地、耕地和人工表面的面积均有所增加;其他类用地面积有所减少。②全区土地综合动态度均小于0.1%,土地利用/覆被变幅较小,除人工表面较活跃外,其他各类型变化相对缓慢,且各省土地利用区域差异较小。③研究区内景观基质未发生改变,区域景观破碎度递减,景观多样性水平上升,景观聚集度和连续性微弱下降,景观整体保持较完整态势。退牧还草工程的实施使土地利用/覆被结构和景观格局均得以优化。     

中缅泰老“黄金四角”地区缅甸段土地利用与景观格局变化分析北大核心CSSCI

以中缅泰老"黄金四角"地区缅甸段为例,通过构建土地利用重心测度、动态变化及景观指数等模型,对其1993年~2017年的土地利用与景观格局变化状况进行探究,得出以下结论:(1)随时间演进,研究区林地显著扩展而草地、耕地、灌丛及水体等均大幅减少,建筑用地虽扩展显著但比重始终较小;各土地利用类型的空间分布重心及其转移变化差异显著,24年间,建筑用地、耕地、草地、水体及湿地重心均整体向东北方向偏移而林地与灌丛重心偏向西南。(2)研究区土地利用变化速度整体较快但小幅放缓,土地利用空间变化剧烈的区域主要集中在林地、草地及耕地等用地类型上;随时间演进,各用地类型均发生了较明显的相互转化,其中以林地、草地、耕地及灌丛的间转化最为显著。(3)从斑块类型尺度来看,研究区不同用地斑块间的景观指数及其变动差异悬殊,整体而言,灌丛、草地及耕地的斑块密度明显较高但形状规整程度显著较低,而林地的平均斑块面积远大于其余地类。(4)从景观总体尺度来看,研究区景观的多样性与均匀度指数均持续降低而破碎度指数整体减小,各用地景观面积差异持续扩大且空间分布的均匀程度不断降低,整体呈由分散分布向集中布局的转变。     

中缅泰老“黄金四角”地区缅甸段土地利用与景观格局变化分析

以中缅泰老"黄金四角"地区缅甸段为例,通过构建土地利用重心测度、动态变化及景观指数等模型,对其1993年~2017年的土地利用与景观格局变化状况进行探究,得出以下结论:(1)随时间演进,研究区林地显著扩展而草地、耕地、灌丛及水体等均大幅减少,建筑用地虽扩展显著但比重始终较小;各土地利用类型的空间分布重心及其转移变化差异显著,24年间,建筑用地、耕地、草地、水体及湿地重心均整体向东北方向偏移而林地与灌丛重心偏向西南。(2)研究区土地利用变化速度整体较快但小幅放缓,土地利用空间变化剧烈的区域主要集中在林地、草地及耕地等用地类型上;随时间演进,各用地类型均发生了较明显的相互转化,其中以林地、草地、耕地及灌丛的间转化最为显著。(3)从斑块类型尺度来看,研究区不同用地斑块间的景观指数及其变动差异悬殊,整体而言,灌丛、草地及耕地的斑块密度明显较高但形状规整程度显著较低,而林地的平均斑块面积远大于其余地类。(4)从景观总体尺度来看,研究区景观的多样性与均匀度指数均持续降低而破碎度指数整体减小,各用地景观面积差异持续扩大且空间分布的均匀程度不断降低,整体呈由分散分布向集中布局的转变。     

塔里木河干流区土地覆被变化与景观格局分析

在GIS和遥感技术支持下,结合景观格局数量分析方法,利用1973年MSS、1983年航空遥感土地利用图、1990年TM、2000年TM和2005年CBERS遥感影像对新疆塔里木河干流区土地利用/覆被变化过程进行了定量分析.结果表明,1973-2005年塔里木河干流区土地利用/覆被发生了显著变化,耕地和城乡居民及建设崩地面积显著增加,林地、草地和湿地面积减少,未利用地表现出先增加后减小的趋势.研究区土地利用类型转移的主要方向是林地和草地转化为耕地、耕地转化为城乡居民及建设用地、草地转化为未利用地.土地利用变化经历了"显著变化-缓慢变化-显著变化-急剧变化"的过程.景观格局分析表明,在人类活动的影响下,研究区景观破碎度、多样性增大,优势度减小.草地和未利用地对整个景观的控制作用减小,景观结构趋于多样和均匀.驱动力分析表明,人口增长和经济发展因素是塔里木河干流区土地利用/覆被变化的最直接驱动力,同时还受产业结构因素和政策因素及人类干扰强度的影响.     

土地资源

F301.242006010570青藏高原东缘贡嘎山地区土地利用与景观格局演变=Changes of land use and landscape patterns of the GonggaMountain area onthe eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau/王小丹,陈斌如…∥北京林业大学学报.—2005,27(3).—40~45根据1995年和2000年土地利用数据,运用ArcGIS8.1软件和景观生态学方法,研究了青藏高原东缘贡嘎山地区的土地利用变化和景观格局变化.主要结果如下:1.1995-2000年间,研究区土地利用变化显著,其中林地、水域和未利用土地面积下降,而草地、耕地和建设用地面积增加;2.景观破碎化程度加剧,分…     

近15年来民勤湖区土地利用/覆盖动态与格局

以1991年、1998年和2005年三期TM数据和其它辅助数据为基础,将遥感、GIS技术与景观格局分析方法相结合,在计算了土地利用程度综合指数、单一和双向动态变化以及面积、分维数、多样性、破碎度、优势度等景观指标的基础上,对近15年来民勤湖区的土地利用/覆盖变化进行了分析.结果表明,15年间各土地利用类型面积都有不同程度的增减,以耕地、荒漠草地和未利用土地的面积变化最为显著,其中耕地面积增长了9 385.47 hm<'2>,未利用土地面积减少8 616.87hm<'2>,荒漠草地面积减少949.49 hm<'2>;各土地利用类型之间的动态转化比较复杂,其中以沙地、林地和草地的空间变动程度较大;湖区整体景观异质性降低,多样性下降,优势度上升,15年来景观格局发生了较大变化;从宏观上看,荒漠进一步向绿洲逼近,绿洲有向西南方向后退的趋势.     

西双版纳土地利用/覆被变化及其景观格局特征分析

利用西双版纳州1980年、1995年和2000年3期TM影像解译土地利用数据,使用GIS分析工具,得出近20年来,各土地覆被类型的动态变化信息,并借助景观格局变化分析软件Fragstats进一步研究了西双版纳州的景观格局特征.研究表明1980～2000年西双版纳州各土地利用类型及景观格局指数均发生了重要变化.土地利用变化表现出有林地和疏林地大幅度减少,草地、建筑用地和旱地显著增加,反映出西双版纳州城镇化进程的加快和生态环境逐渐恶化的趋势.景观格局的主要特征为异质性在减小,斑块类型趋于均匀分布的趋势,景观稳定性在降低.     

基于RS与GIS的典型黑土区土地利用变化分析——以海伦市为例

以海伦市1986年,1995年和2007年3期TM影像为基础数据,在RS与GIS技术支持下,运用马尔科夫转移矩阵、单一土地利用类型动态度和景观空间格局分析方法对沿海市土地利用变化、景观格局特征进行研究,并分析了土地利用变化的驱动力。结果表明,①旱田和水田面积一直处于增长状态,增长速率由快变缓,主要由林地、草地和未利用土地转换而来。②林地、草地和未利用土地面积持续下降;城镇建设用地和农村建设用地的面积一直保持着增加态势,增长速率由缓变快,使得土地利用强度有所上升。③景观格局变化主要表现为,优势度整体上升、景观多样性整体呈现下降的趋势,城乡建设用地的类斑近圆指数最大,林地、未利用土地和水域斑块破碎度增加。④人为因素中的人口增长、经济发展、政府生态环境保护和农业可持续发展的政策在土地利用变化中起重要作用。该研究对于合理利用土地资源和农业可持续发展具有重要意义。     

喀斯特石漠化小流域景观的空间因子分析——以贵州清镇王家寨小流域为例

以贵州喀斯特地区的王家寨小流域为研究对象,基于多源信息,依托RS和GIS技术获取2005年该流域石漠化景观格局信息,以此为基础进行石漠化景观分布指数、石漠化综合指数、 -s平面分析模型以及三次曲线拟合等分析,旨在从小流域尺度上探讨石漠化景观在坡度、坡向、高程和与村庄距离等空间因子上的分布规律。结果表明:潜在、轻度石漠化景观受坡度影响最显著;其他类型石漠化景观受坡向影响最明显。石漠化程度先随坡度的增大而加重,27°后呈缓解趋势;各坡向中南、东南坡石漠化最严重;随高程增加石漠化加剧;距村庄越远石漠化越严重。初步推断各空间因子对石漠化程度的影响由强至弱的顺序为:坡度、坡向、高程、与村庄的距离。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka     

ERAHS: A New Platform for the Exchange of Regional Information and Experience on Agricultural Heritage Systems

<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.