郯庐断裂带安丘-莒县断裂江苏段晚第四纪活动特征研究

安丘-莒县断裂是郯庐断裂带内活动时代最新、地表形迹最明显,地震危险性最大的断裂。因缺少可信的地质证据,前人对于该断裂江苏段的全新世活动情况存在较大争议。文中根据对郯庐断裂带安丘-莒县断裂江苏段开展的野外调查工作成果,结合在宿迁市地区开展的断层活动性鉴定工作成果,对该断裂的晚第四纪活动特征进行了探讨。本次发现的多个断裂剖面及宿迁地区的断层活动性鉴定成果都表明安丘-莒县断裂的南马陵山—宿迁段在全新世中期发生过1次古地震事件;而后陈村探槽表明该断裂重岗山段无全新世活动迹象。安丘-莒县断裂江苏段晚第四纪活动总体以右旋走滑兼挤压逆冲为特征,局部地区则以走滑正断为主。安丘-莒县断裂江苏段自晚更新世以来经历了多次活动,在全新世也有明显活动,其地震活动具强度大、频度低的特点,其活动性总体自北向南逐渐减弱。     

松潘—龙门山地区主要活动断裂带第四纪活动特征

本文主要根据我们近两年来对松潘—龙门山地区主要断裂带的野外调查成果,并参考前人资料,结合第四纪年代学和断层活动性与地震关系的研究,重点讨论了松潘—龙门山地区几条主要活动断裂带的第四纪活动特征。研究结果表明:这几条活动断裂带在中、晚更新世以来活动的强弱与其地震活动在时、空分布上的不均匀性有较好的一致性,即地震活动的强度、频度严格受断裂带在中、晚更新世以来的活动强度、活动方式的制约,强震主要发生在晚更新世以来断裂的最新活动段上。     

福建晋江下游北西向断裂带活动性研究

本文以丰富和翔实的地质、地貌、年代测定、地球物理、地震等资料,阐述了晋江下游北西向断裂带的几何特征,分析了断裂带晚更新世以来的活动性,并探讨了断裂活动与地震的关系。结果表明：（1）晋江下游北西向断裂带从南安仑苍到晋江河口形迹清晰,断裂规模自西北向东南不断增大;（2）晋江下游北西向断裂带晚更新世以来,不同段落的活动性亦表现出自西北向东南不断增强和变新的特点,南安仑苍一丰州段为早第四纪断裂,丰州一晋江河口段发育有晚更新世断裂;（3）沿晋江下游北西向断裂带,在其与北东向断裂交汇部位附近,历史上曾发生过6次中强地震,地震有自西北向东南频度升高和强度增大的趋势。     

大盈江断裂西南段晚第四纪活动研究

根据断裂地质、地貌特征和卫星影象资料,阐述了大盈江西南段晚第四纪的活动特征和运动方式.结果表明:大盈江西南段主要表现为左旋走滑运动,为晚更新世活动断裂,沿断裂历史上发生过6级左右地震.     

青岛沧口断裂的地质构造特征与第四纪活动性研究

本文根据青岛市活断层探测与地震危险性评价项目初查阶段第四纪地层分析、遥感影像解译、地球化学探测、地质地貌调查与探槽开挖、浅层地震勘探与钻孔探测、地质年代测定等获得的丰富的第一手资料,对青岛沧口断裂的地质构造特征和第四纪活动性进行了详细分析与综合研究,结果表明:沧口断裂经历多期构造变动,是本区的重要断裂之一,它由多支断层组成,控制了中生代的火山活动、盆地沉积和岩浆侵入以及晚第四纪的盆地沉积、山体隆升和水系发育;第四纪以来,沧口断裂的主要活动发生于中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期,表现出中高角度向南东倾的逆冲活动特点,错断了上更新统底面1—6m,而最新活动时代为晚更新世中期,以走滑活动为主,垂直错距0.2—1.1m。     

甘孜—玉树断裂当江段晚第四纪滑动速率

甘孜—玉树断裂带是青藏高原中东部的一条大型左旋走滑断裂带,同时也是羌塘地体和巴颜喀拉地体的重要地质边界.当江断裂位于甘孜—玉树断裂带的西北段,沿线发育当江荣、当江和哲达等一系列串珠状第四纪断层谷地.通过遥感影像解译和数字高程地形模型(DEM)数据分析,结合野外构造地貌调查,以及断错地貌面的光释光年代测定,发现断裂沿线冲沟、河流阶地和洪积扇等断错地貌发育,反映了该断裂晚第四纪左旋走滑活动性强烈.该断裂最新活动时代为全新世晚期,距今约3.04 ka.当江断裂晚更新世以来的左旋滑动速率为7±3mm·a~(-1).研究结果为该区的地震危险性分析和高原东北部的运动学特征探讨提供了基础资料.     

西秦岭北缘断裂带黄香沟段晚第四纪水平位移特征及其微地貌响应

西秦岭北缘断裂带是青藏高原东北部一条左旋走滑为主的活动断裂带,其在黄香沟一段活动性较强,活动现象典型。对沿断裂带分布的地貌、地质体等晚第四纪位移量的研究表明,在黄香沟一带,断裂晚更新世晚期以来的水平位移量最大为40~60m;最小为6~8m,可能是一次滑动事件的特征位错量。断裂带上的位移具有分组特征,各组位移值之间具有6~8m的稳定增量。位移值的分组性和增量特征反映了该段断裂具有特征地震的活动特征,而7组位错值则反映了断裂7次特征活动事件。关于黄香沟一带与断裂相关的微地貌分析,也获得了大致相对应的事件次数。并由此初步推测,晚更新世晚期以来,该断裂带有过多次强烈活动,活动期次明显     

青岛沧口-温泉断裂的空间展布及现代活动性研究

以野外地质观察和断裂的地质剖面为依据 ,阐述了青岛沧口 -温泉断裂的空间展布和构造特征。并应用区域地貌、地震地质、第四纪地质方法和断裂活动的绝对年龄资料对青岛沧口 -温泉断裂现代活动性进行了研究 ,认为上述断裂自晚更新世以来 ,其活动趋向稳定状态 ,属于晚第四纪不活动断裂     

昌马断裂带东段(月牙达坂—臭水柳沟)晚更新世晚期以来的断裂运动、滑动速率与古地震

本文根据大量野外地质调查资料,并结合人工探槽资料和~(14)C地质年龄数据,对本段断裂晚更新世晚期以来的断裂运动、滑动速率与古地震问题进行了讨论,得出下面的初步认识;①昌马断裂带东段晚更新世晚期以来的断裂运动特征以反时针走滑活动为主兼有倾滑活动,其平均滑动速率>2.13毫米/年。②1932年的地震断裂运动与基底断裂断面倾向南的压性断层特征发生了明显变化,这种变化从晚更新世晚期就已开始。③晚更新世晚期以来,本段断裂发生过三次强震事件。三次强震事件的年代为:Ⅰ<24850年;5095年<Ⅱ<Ⅰ;第Ⅲ期即1932年地震。     

郯庐断裂带安丘—莒县断裂南段(郯城—淮河)晚第四纪活动特征

通过系统的野外地质地貌调查、浅层地震勘探、钻孔联合剖面和古地震探槽等多方法手段,重点开展郯庐断裂带安丘—莒县断裂南段晚第四纪活动特征研究。结果显示安丘—莒县断裂南段在浅部由2支高倾角兼有挤压逆冲分量的断层组成,其中一支出露地表,以右旋走滑运动为主兼有逆冲分量,是全新世活动断层,而另一支为晚更新世活动断层。     

苏北—滨海断裂北段最新活动时代研究

苏北—滨海断裂在江苏以北的存在与活动性长期以来存在争议。本研究通过小多道地震探测技术，对苏北—滨海断裂北段及附近海域进行探测，识别出4个反射界面，将研究区第四纪地层划分为4个地震层序，分别对应全新世、晚更新世、中更新世和早更新世4个地质时期。对照区域地质构造，对地震剖面断点进行分析，认为断点F1、F2、F3、F4、F8、F9、F10对应为苏北—滨海断裂，断裂错动的最新地层为晚更新世，因此推断苏北—滨海断裂为晚更新世活动断裂。     

张家口-宣化盆地断裂特征与活动性研究

运用地质地貌调查、地球物理勘探和年代测定等方法,对张家口—宣化盆地的四条主要断裂(张家口断裂、万全断裂、洗马林—水泉断裂和洋河断裂)的空间展布特征和活动性进行分析和研究,获得其活动时代、活动速率等参数。研究表明:上述断裂第四纪期间持续活动,以脆性变形为特征;总体上NW向断裂以高角度的正(或逆)倾滑断层为主,NE或NEE向的断裂以高角度的正断层为主;盆地内活动断裂总体来说活动强烈,多处可见断裂正断运动及左旋走滑运动的地质剖面,早更新世以来单条断层的平均垂直活动速率大于0.07~0.30mm/a,总垂直活动速率可能达到1.33mm/a。     

郯庐断裂带安徽明光段紫阳山探槽及其意义

郯庐断裂带安徽省内段落属于该断裂带的南段,断裂构造复杂,总体上断层活动性要弱于断裂带的山东、江苏段。近年来笔者多次在苏皖交界地区开展野外地质地貌调查,发现淮河南北两侧的地形地貌存在较大差异。本研究以淮河以南的郯庐断裂带东支断裂明光段为探查重点,在明光紫阳山北侧跨断层开挖地质探槽。探槽(Tc1)显示断层表现为逆冲、张裂等活动形式,且断层向上延伸错动晚第四纪地层;结合年代样品测试结果,表明该段断层晚第四纪以来有较强的活动,最新活动时代可达晚更新世-全新世早期;探槽揭露的断层表现出多种活动形式,显示了明光段断层活动的多期次性和区域构造应力场的复杂性。     

A NEW DISCOVERY OF ACTIVITY OF FUSHAN SECTION OF THE TAN-LU FAULT ZONE IN THE LATE QUATERNARY

The east branch fault of Tan-Lu fault zone extends from Fengshan Town of Sihong County on the north shore of the Huaihe River in Jiangsu Province, into Fushan Town of Mingguang City on the south shore of Huaihe River in Anhui Province. The landform changes from Subei plain on the north of Huaihe River to Zhangbaling uplift area on the south of Huaihe River. The terrain rises gradually with larger relief amplitude. The Fushan section of the Tan-Lu fault zone is located in Ziyang to Fushan area of Mingguang City. The fault is shown in the satellite image as a clear linear image, and the fault extends along the east side of a NNE-trending hillock. In this section the Quaternary strata are unevenly distributed, which causes some difficulties in the study of recent fault activity.In recent years, the author has found that the fault of the Fushan section of the Tan-Lu fault zone on the south of the Huaihe River still has a certain control effect on the landform and the Quaternary strata. Based on satellite imagery and geological data, we select the appropriate location in the Fushan section to excavate the Santang trench Tc1 and Fushannan trench Tc2, and clean up the Fushannan profile Pm, which reveals rich phenomena of recent fault activity. Santang trench reveals three faults, and the faulting phenomenon is obvious. One of the faults shows the characteristic of right-lateral strike-slip normal faulting; Fushannan profile reveals one fault, with the same faulting behavior of right-lateral strike-slip normal fault. Comprehensive stratigraphic sample dating results indicate that the fault dislocated the middle Pleistocene strata, late Quaternary strata and early Holocene strata. All our work shows that the fault of Fushan section has intensive activity since late Pleistocene, and the latest active age can reach early Holocene. The latest earthquake occurred at(10.6±0.8)~(7.6±0.5)ka BP. The faults exposed by trenches and profiles show the characteristics of right-lateral strike-slip normal faulting, which reflects the complexity of the tectonic stress field in the area where the fault locates.     

EVIDENCE OF HOLOCENE ACTIVITY DISCOVERED IN ANHUI ZIYANGSHAN SEGMENT OF TANLU FAULT ZONE

Anqiu-Juxian Fault(F₅) is the latest active fault in the eastern graben of the middle segment of the Tanlu fault zone. In recent years, the research results of F₅ in Jiangsu Province are abundant, and it is found that Holocene activity is prevalent in different segments, and the movement pattern is dominated by dextral strike-slip and squeezing thrust. The Anhui segment and the Jiangsu segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone are bounded by the Huaihe River. Previous studies have not discussed the extension and activity of F₅ in the south of the Huaihe River in Anhui Province. This paper chooses the Ziyangshan segment of Tanlu fault zone in the south of the Huaihe River as the breakthrough point, which is consistent with the linear image feature of extension of F₅ in Jiangsu Province. Through the remote sensing image interpretation, geological and geomorphological investigation and trench excavation, we initially get the following understanding:(1)The linear structural features of the Ziyang segment are clear, and the fault is developed on the gentle slope of the Mesozoic red sandstone uplift along the Fushan-Ziyangshan, which is the southern extension of the Anqiu-Juxian Fault(F₅); (2)The excavation of the Zhuliu trench reveals that the late Pleistocene clastic layers are interrupted, and the late late Pleistocene to early Holocene black clay layers are filled along the fault to form black fault strips and black soil-filled wedges, indicating that the latest active age of the fault is early Holocene; (3)The excavation of Zhuliu trench reveals that there are at least 3 paleo-earthquake events since the Quaternary, the first paleo-seismic event is dated to the early and middle Quaternary, and the 2nd paleo-seismic event is 20.10~13.46ka BP, the age of the third paleo-seismic event is(10.15±0.05)~(8.16±0.05)ka BP. These results complement our understanding of the late Quaternary activity in the Anhui segment of the Tanlu fault zone, providing basic data for earthquake monitoring and seismic damage prevention in Anhui Province.     

双山—李家庄断裂地表破裂特征与最新活动性研究

利用地质地貌调查、 探槽、 工程探测以及年代测试等方法, 对双山—李家庄断裂的地表破裂形态、 最新活动性以及古地震事件展开研究。 结果表明: ① 双山—李家庄断裂的最新活动时代为晚更新世, 在 (17.0±0.85) ka～(21.4±1.7) ka B.P.之间, 总体以左旋走滑正断为主, 局部逆断。 依据第四纪活动特征和破裂形式, 从南往北可分为两段, 即南段(双山—大马山)和北段(大马山—五里)。 其中南段又可分为3个小段: 双山—丹河水库小段表现为左阶斜列状展布的两条断层, 以左行走滑兼正断活动为主; 丹河水库—营子小段表现为两条相交的断裂, 东支在剖面上则表现为正断活动, 第四纪以来不活动; 西支在剖面上以逆冲破裂为主, 最新活动时代为晚更新世; 营子—大马山小段隐伏于第四系之下, 具有正断走滑破裂特征。 北段总体表现为多条近平行的断裂构造系, 破裂形式以逆断为主。 ② 双山—李家庄断裂晚第四纪以来可能发生过两次古地震事件, 分别发生在(17.0±0.85) ka～(21.4±1.7) ka B.P.和(77.0±3.8) ka～(84.0±4.2) ka B.P.。 ③ 1829年青州、 临朐61/4级地震的发生与上五井断裂和双山—李家庄断裂构成的“X”型共轭构造密切相关, 双山—李家庄断裂很可能就是这次地震的发震构造。 鲁西断块内发育的多条与双山—李家庄断裂相似的NW向晚更新世活动断裂, 均具有发生6级左右地震的构造条件, 因此, 今后应加强这些断裂的活动断层探测和地震监测研究, 为地震防御工作提供可靠依据。     

2017年临安4.2级地震震中附近断裂活动性研究

2017年4月12日浙江临安发生了4.2级地震,在震中附近范围(35～50 km)内,主要发育3条断裂,分别为马金—乌镇断裂、湖州—临安断裂和昌化—普陀断裂,通过对这3条断裂开展野外地质调查、断层泥年龄样品测试等手段得出:北东向的马金—乌镇断裂、湖州—临安断裂均被近东西向的昌化—普陀为界分南北为两段,其中,马金—乌镇断裂北段以正断为主,南段以逆断为主,两段活动时代均为中更新世早期;湖州—临安断裂南北两段均以逆断为主,北段活动时代为中更新世早期,南段活动时代为前第四纪。昌化—普陀断裂以走滑活动为主,自西向东分为西、中、东三段,活动时代自西向东逐渐减弱,东段为前第四纪断裂,中西段为中更新世断裂。     

萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段第四纪活动性研究

萧山-球川断裂是浙江地区1条大规模的北东向断裂,在该断裂附近曾发生过多次破坏性地震。本文通过地质调查、电法勘探和探槽开挖等方法,对萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段第四纪活动性进行了研究。萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段的遥感影像线性特征清楚,对地貌的控制作用较为明显,对山前的第四系发育有明显影响。通过对断裂露头剖面的分析,认为萧山-球川断裂富阳—建德段活动性质以走滑兼具逆冲为主。通过本次开挖的富阳峙山村探槽,结合ESR年龄测定,判定该断裂在第四纪早、中期有过活动,但未断错上覆中更新统上部地层,其最新活动时代为早、中更新世。     

research on characteristics of late quaternary activity of the jiangsu segment of anqiu-juxian fault in the tanlu fault zone

Anqiu-Juxian Fault is an important fault in the Tanlu fault zone, with the highest seismic risk, the most recent activity date, and the most obvious surface traces. Due to lack of credible geological evidences, there is big controversy on the Holocene activity in the Jiangsu segment of this fault. Research on the characteristics of late Quaternary activity in the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, particularly its latest activity time, is of great significance to assessment of its earthquake ability and seismic risk. Based on field investigations on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, and combining with the results of fault activities identification on this fault in Suqian City, we discussed the characteristics of its activities in late Quaternary. Multiple geological sections we found in this study and the results of fault activities identification in Suqian City all indicate that there was an ancient seismic event occurring in middle period of Holocene in the segment from southern Maling Mountain to Suqian City; but the trench at Houchen village did not show any evidence of Holocene activity on the Chonggangshan segment of this fault. Based on method of shallow seismic exploration, we carried out a systematic exploration of this fault to get its accurate position and activity characteristics. The results show that Anqiu-Juxian Fault in Suqian City is mainly characterized by dextral strike-slip, associated with both thrusting and extensional movement in different positions. A series of low hills were formed along the fault in the north of Suqian City, and a small graben basin was formed in the south of Suqian City, both are controlled by the dextral strike-slip movement of this fault. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault in general is characterized by dextral strike-slip with thrusting movement. But some parts of it are characterized by dextral strike-slip with extensional movement. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault experienced a number of activities since the late Quaternary, with an obvious activity in Holocene. The seismic activities of Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault have the characteristic of high intensity and low frequency. Its activities decrease gradually from north to south as a whole.