龙泉关韧性剪切带地质特征

龙泉关韧性剪切带由五台期韧性剪切带和吕梁期韧性剪切带复合而成，五台期韧性剪切带形成于低角闪岩相环境下，吕梁期韧性剪切带形成于绿片岩相环境下。两期韧性剪切带对五台期和吕梁期变质建造具有明显的控制作用，并部分地改造了阜平期变质岩。     

五台山早前寒武纪碰撞造山带中的韧性剪切带及其大地构造…

在五台山早前寒武纪碰撞造山带中存在的两种类型韧性剪切带，即逆冲型和伸展型剪切带。除变质程度不同外，南部和北部构造片体中的角闪岩相逆冲型韧性剪切带与中部构造片体中的绿片岩相逆冲型韧性剪切带具有相同的变形特征，它们形成于同一变形过程，是造山作用早期地壳拼合阶段的产物。伸展型韧性剪切带在整个造山带都有分布，与造山作用晚期显著增厚的地壳发生大规模纵向伸展作用相联系。     

华北克拉通中部带中段古元古代构造格架与主要变形事件研究

古元古代是华北克拉通构造演化的关键时期,中部带的性质是近年来华北克拉通构造演化研究争论的焦点之一。文中根据古元古代韧性剪切带重新划分了中部带北段构造格架,即由近EW向朱家坊韧性剪切带、NEE向王家会韧性剪切带和NE向龙泉关韧性剪切带分割恒山、繁峙、五台和阜平地块。这些地块基底具有不同的前寒武纪变质杂岩组成、构造变形特征和构造演化历史,一般都具多期变质变形叠加的特征。研究表明华北克拉通中部构造带北段在古元古代末发生3次重要的构造变形事件：繁峙地块由SW向NE方向的构造挤入,挤入过程中导致五台地块变形并向南东方向逆冲(D1);以阜平地块为核部的大规模伸展抬升,阜平变质杂岩抬升至近地表,阜平地块与五台地块之间形成一系列低角度伸展型韧性剪切带(D2);最后一次构造事件是NE向拉伸导致的大量NW向基性岩墙群侵位(D3)。     

五台山早前寒武纪碰撞造山带中的韧性剪切带及其大地构造意义

在五台山早前寒武纪碰撞造山带中存在两种类型韧性剪切带，即逆冲型和伸展型剪切带。除变质程度不同外，南部和北部构造片体中的角闪岩相逆冲型韧性剪切带与中部构造片体中的绿片岩相逆冲型韧性剪切带具有相同的变形特征，它们形成于同一变形过程中，是造山作用早期地壳拼合阶段的产物。伸展型韧性剪切带在整个造山带都有分布，与造山作用晚期显著增厚的地壳发生大规模纵向伸展作用相联系     

五台山西南麓“龙泉关群”地层、构造特征及有关问题的讨论

根据造山带地层学地层划分原则,“龙泉关群”可划分为两个性质截然不同的地层单元:其一是“龙泉关构造岩层”,为构造地层单元;其二是“跑泉厂变沉积岩组”,属经典地层单元。前者经历了至少两期变形、变质作用,保留着走向近SN和近EW两组矿物拉伸线理以及角闪岩相和角闪岩相→绿片岩相退变质特征;后者仅发育有一组走向近SN矿物拉伸线理和一期绿片岩相变质作用。这表明:(1)“龙泉关群”实际上包含着两个世代不同的地层单元,应予解体。其中,“龙泉关构造岩层”形成于晚太古代末期,属于“阜平古陆块”刚性基底一部分;“跑泉厂变沉积岩组”的地层层位相当于“五台群”,是“阜平古陆块”西北陆缘带沉积,时代归属早元古代早、中期。(2)“龙泉关群”不是由一个统一的应力场同时形成的一套构造岩,因而不应将其作为一个大型韧性剪切带。(3)“龙泉关群”构成五台碰撞造山带前陆地区的活化基底和活化盖层两个大地构造相。“龙泉关群”的解体及其地层时代的重新厘定支持“板峪口组应归属滹沱群一部分”和“铁堡运动即为五台运动”的看法。     

龙泉关韧性剪切带同变形花岗岩的构造特征及其独居石定年

龙泉关韧性剪切带强变形部位发育一系列平行剪切带走向展布的花岗岩脉体，构造变形特征表明它们可能是同变形花岗岩，是剪切作用下围岩部分熔融的产物。通过独居石电子探针定年，测得龙泉关韧性剪切带的年龄分别为：主变形幕发生于1877～1846Ma，第2个变形幕发生于1812-1782Ma，晚期1725Ma左右又经历了流体活动。龙泉关韧性剪切带的发生、发展与华北克拉通中部带古元古代晚期的变质事件同期，是东、西陆块碰撞的一个主要剪切带。     

山西龙泉关韧性剪切带新认识

龙泉关韧性剪切带位于山西、河北两省分水岭两侧的狭长地区内，全长约100km，宽2～14km，总体呈北北东向带状展布。据其变形特征在横、纵向上的明显变化，可分北、中、南三段：北段由眼球状片麻岩、长英质糜棱岩及构造透镜体组成，片麻岩中发育各类旋转碎斑构造，指示上盘(西盘)左旋剪切；中段由强直片麻岩组成，发育平直的片麻理及矿物拉伸线理，为S—L构造岩；南段由一系列线状强变形带及所挟持包绕的弱应变域所组成，变形岩石发育条带状、杆状构造。该剪切带内含有不同时期的变质岩系，主体为中太古代阜平期变质岩系，其构造形迹为一多期多相叠加的韧性剪切带；五台早期表现为伸展型近水平韧性剪切变形，是五台海盆早期扩张或裂解阶段的直观反映；吕梁期韧性剪切变形表现为逆冲推覆型。其形成及构造演化是区内早前寒武纪地质演化的缩影。     

龙泉关剪切带眼球状花岗质片麻岩锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

恒山五台阜平地区地处华北克拉通中部造山带的中段,早前寒武纪地体出露较好,是解析华北克拉通早前寒武纪演化过程的最佳地段。龙泉关剪切带位于五台杂岩和阜平杂岩的交接部位,其主要岩石类型为眼球状花岗质片麻岩、变粒岩和斜长角闪岩。本文利用LA-ICP-MS方法对龙泉关剪切带中的眼球状花岗质片麻岩进行了锆石U-Pb年龄和Lu-Hf同位素的测试。结果显示,龙泉关眼球状花岗质片麻岩原岩结晶年龄为(2 547±7) Ma,其εHf(t)值介于+2.7~+9.2,表明其源区主要为相对年轻的地壳物质,与五台地区新太古代花岗岩非常相似。龙泉关花岗质眼球状片麻岩中锆石两阶段Hf模式年龄(TDM2)为2 477~2 872 Ma,具有2.58 Ga、2.71 Ga和2.81 Ga三个峰值,记录了华北克拉通新太古代初始地壳生长事件。     

五台王家会花岗质深成岩体的构造地质学研究

五台花岗－绿岩带中王家会花岗质深成岩体中普遍发育的片麻理、矿物线理等内部构造是岩浆侵位晚期岩体处于宾厄姆体状态下形成的流动变形构造。它们切割了捕虏体中的先存构造，但岩体对围岩的作用较弱，且岩体与围岩间不存在强变形带。围岩至少经历了三期区域变形和两期区域变质作用。研究认为：五台运动末期，阜平古陆与恒山古陆发生的碰撞，造成了深部走滑作用和活动带中地层（五台群）褶皱，为岩浆的形成、演化提供了构造环境，并为其定位提供了空间。因此．我们提出了一种花岗绿岩带中花岗岩定位的新机制──深部地壳块体间走滑作用控制花岗岩体定位模式。     

中国北部古元古代地壳尺度的伸展拆离和硅铝壳内活动带:北东向线性航磁异常的地质构造解释

早前寒武纪地质构造和分辨率大于120km的长波航磁异常特征表明:塔南—华北—朝鲜北部(狼林地块)具有类似的太古宙结晶基底,它们可能曾经是太古宙统一克拉通的组成部分。20~120km分辨率的中波航磁异常凸现一组北东东—北北东走向、改造太古宙高级变质结晶基底的线性航磁异常,它们分别对应于地壳尺度的长寿断裂。古元古代阶段沿着它们发生了大规模的左行韧性伸展剪切运动,在使塔南、朝鲜北部陆块分别向南西和北东伸展拆离的同时,华北克拉通内部也出现了有限的裂解,并伴随着硅铝壳内活动带的发育。本文将这些古元古代阶段韧性伸展剪切带划分为塔南与华北陆块之间的西部剪切带系统、华北与狼林陆块之间的东部剪切带系统和华北陆块内部的青龙—太行山—中条山等3个独立的剪切带系统。西部韧性剪切系统由阿尔金、大同—环县、以及它们之间的狼山—吉兰泰、雅布赖山等次级剪切带组成,控制古元古代阿拉善群和上集宁群的孔兹岩系为代表的硅铝壳内活动带的沉积—构造演化。东部韧性剪切系统包括沂水和新宾—桦甸等韧性剪切带,相关的古元古代活动带以胶东地区的粉子山群、荆山群和辽吉地区的辽河群为代表。中部韧性剪切带系统以太行山地区阜平群、赞皇群中出现的角闪岩相糜棱片麻岩、眼球状糜棱岩带为代表,发育b-型线理,指示近水平或低角度斜滑性质的左行韧性剪切,相关的古元古代活动带包括双山子—青龙河、五台—滹沱、甘陶河—东焦、吕梁、中条以及济宁等。不同规模的古元古代活动带彼此并不相连,以发育变质沉积—火山岩建造为主体,岩石磁化率明显低于太古宙高级变质结晶基底,与之相关的韧性剪切带则以其透入性矿物线理产生了增强的磁化率各向异性,两者共同构建了地壳尺度北东东—北北东向线性航磁异常带。古元古代末的中条运动使上述硅铝壳内活动带褶皱回返,塔南—华北—朝鲜北部陆块重新焊接,形成近纬向展布逐渐稳定的中轴大陆克拉通,上述地壳尺度的韧性伸展剪切带在中元古代以后的地质历史中,大多被后期不同性质的脆性断裂所追踪。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of