加速迭代硬阈值ISAR稀疏成像

加速迭代硬阈值(AIHT)作为一种压缩感知(CS)算法,具有计算复杂度低、内存占用小的特点,在较小数目的观测下,经过有限次迭代便能获得较好的重建效果。因此,本文将该算法应用到逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)稀疏成像,对该方法的具体特征和适用性进行了详细分析。仿真结果表明,在相同信噪比和回波脉冲数条件下,基于AIHT的ISAR成像方法,相比于稀疏贝叶斯算法(SBL),在重建时间上缩短了至少2个量级;相比于迭代加权最小二乘法(IRLS)和平滑l0范数算法,在重建质量上提高了约3倍。经实测数据处理结果验证,在1/4原始脉冲数条件下,该方法仍具有良好的聚焦性能和压低旁瓣效果。     

抗差加权整体最小二乘模型的牛顿-高斯算法

基于加权整体最小二乘的牛顿-高斯迭代算法,提出了一种抗差加权整体最小二乘模型。利用标准化残差构造权因子函数,并采用中位数法获得具有抗差性的单位权中误差估值,能同时实现观测空间和结构空间抗差。为获得标准化残差,利用线性近似的协因数传播律推导了加权整体最小二乘残差协因数阵的表达式,并给出模型的迭代计算方法。试验结果表明:对于加权整体最小二乘的粗差处理问题,本文提出的方法具有良好的抗差性能,参数估值与不含粗差时加权整体最小二乘的结果没有显著的差异,性能优于直接由残差构造的稳健加权整体最小二乘模型。     

基于星间测距的导航星座自主定轨研究

导航星座的自主定轨是提高其生存能力的重要方面,利用星间测量信息可以实现星座的自主定轨。提出了一种利用改进的Kalman滤波融合动力学信息和星间测距信息,并实时修正积分初值的自主定轨算法。采用IGS精密星历仿真星间测量值,运算结果表明该算法能获得较高的定轨精度。     

Adaptive inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging for nonuniformly moving targets

A novel adaptive inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging technique is proposed for targets with nonuniform motion. The proposed algorithm is referred to as the generalized range-Doppler (GRD) ISAR imaging technique and is based on the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT). By utilizing this technique, clear ISAR imaging can be achieved for nonuniformly moving targets without involvement of complex motion compensation. Simulation results have proved that the new algorithm is robust and also computationally efficient as compared with previously reported algorithms such as joint time-frequency (JTF) imaging.     

结合边缘编组的Hough变换直线提取

针对传统Hough变换用于直线检测存在的问题进行了细致的分析和归纳总结,在此基础上,提出一种结合边缘编组的Hough变换直线提取算法。该算法首先采用基于8邻域的边缘跟踪算法对Canny算子检测得到的边缘点进行编组;然后对每一个边缘组分别进行Hough变换,单独确定Hough变换原点和参数的取值范围。Hough变换过程中,采用迭代的"投票"方式,每次确定单一峰值点并删除对应像素。实验证明,该算法原理简单,能有效解决传统Hough变换存在的精度不高、计算复杂等问题。同时该算法具有较强的鲁棒性,可以有效处理不同类型的影像数据,适用于并行处理。     

2D Superresolution ISAR Imaging via Temporally Correlated Multiple Sparse Bayesian Learning

In inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging, the image resolution is always limited by the bandwidth and the observation time. Sparse recovery (SR) is recently proposed to improve the range resolution or cross-range resolution effectively. However, for the two dimensional superresolution case, a SR-induced range cell migration (RCM) occurs among the High-Resolution Range Profiles (HRRPs) and definitely degrades the ISAR image. After that translational motion compensation is completed, the common sparsity of HRRPs is exploited to suppress the RCM in this paper. Furthermore, by taking the temporal correlation of HRRPs into account, an ISAR imaging method based on temporally correlated Multiple Sparse Bayesian Learning is proposed to improve the imaging quality. Simulated data and real data results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

全局一致性优化的无人机大倾角影像相对定向

针对无人机拍摄的大数据量大倾角影像三维重建,为获取影像的相对位姿,解决影像相对定向迭代不收敛、鲁棒性低等问题,提出了一种基于全局一致性优化的无人机相对定向方法。通过对增量式相对定向算法全局一次性平差优化改进,得到影像的高精度位姿信息。实验表明,该方法进行相对定向的效率与精度得到明显提高,并具有较好的鲁棒性。     

Migration through resolution cell compensation in ISAR imaging

Range-Doppler (RD) processing is widely used in conventional inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. The unwanted translational motion of moving targets is compensated by envelope alignment and autofocus. For existing ISAR imaging algorithms, the scatterers' migration through resolution cells (MTRC) caused by the rotational motion is usually ignored. With the improvement of resolution or the increase of target size, MTRC cannot be neglected. In this letter, the keystone formatting algorithm developed in SAR is used for the MTRC compensation in ISAR. Before the keystone formatting, coherent processing must be performed on the raw phase history data. An effective approach is proposed for this kind of coherent processing. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach.     

运用迭代FFT算法优化平面稀疏阵列

介绍了一种基于迭代FFT算法的优化方法来实现平面稀疏阵列的峰值旁瓣电平优化,给出了详细的优化步骤。在给定的旁瓣约束条件下,利用阵列因子与阵元激励之间存在的傅里叶变换关系,对不同的初始随机阵元激励分别进行迭代循环,可以降低稀疏阵列的旁瓣电平。在迭代过程中,根据稀疏率将阵元激励按幅度大小置1、置0来完成阵列稀疏。仿真实验证明了该方法的高效性和稳健性。     

长距离GPS/BDS双系统网络RTK方法

基于区域参考站网的网络实时动态定位(real-time kinematic,RTK)方法是实现全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)、北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou satellite navigation system,BDS)高精度定位的主要手段。研究了一种长距离GPS/BDS双系统网络RTK方法,首先采用长距离参考站网GPS/BDS多频观测数据确定宽巷整周模糊度,利用引入大气误差参数的参数估计模型解算GPS/BDS双差载波相位整周模糊度;然后按照长距离参考站网观测误差特性的不同,分类处理参考站观测误差,利用误差内插法计算流动站观测误差,以改正流动站GPS/BDS双系统载波相位观测值的观测误差;最后使用流动站多频载波相位整周模糊度解算方法确定GPS/BDS载波相位整周模糊度并解算位置参数。使用长距离连续运行参考站(continuously operating reference stations,CORS)网的实测数据进行实验,结果表明,该方法能够利用长距离GPS/BDS参考站网实现流动站的厘米级定位。