潜孔锤跟管钻进技术在卵石层高压旋喷灌浆工艺中的应用

在大卵石层中进行高压旋喷桩施工时成孔困难，采用潜孔锤跟管钻进技术进行高喷引孔施工，实践证明技术可靠、经济效益较好。重点介绍了潜孔锤跟管钻进技术的原理、操作工艺以及操作注意事项。     

旋挖钻机配套集束式潜孔锤硬岩施工方法研究

针对旋挖钻机在大口径硬岩地层嵌岩桩施工困难的问题,采用旋挖钻机配套集束式潜孔锤的解决方案,设计了JSQ-Z正循环及JSQ-F反循环2种类型集束式潜孔锤,并提出了3种施工方法及钻具配套方案,使旋挖大口径硬岩施工更加快速、高效、经济。     

长螺旋搅拌止水帷幕咬合桩及施工实践

长螺旋搅拌止水帷幕咬合桩克服了既有搅拌桩、旋喷桩帷幕在硬土地区的局限性,同时较长螺旋旋喷搅拌桩帷幕技术造价低,尤其在浅坑做帷幕更显优势,填补了硬土地区浅坑帷幕技术的空白。通过北京市朝阳区马坊新村地下车库基坑支护工程实例,证明该帷幕做法是一项很适用的技术,有较好的经济和环保效益。     

风动潜孔锤在某大桥锚固桩中的应用

空气潜孔锤钻进新技术应用于锚固桩工程中,在我省钻探上属首例.本文主要介绍了使用普通水井钻机进行空气潜孔锤钻进的一些具体作法和经验,并通过20条桩孔219m的生产试验证明,潜孔锤钻进新技术比老的合金、钢粒钻进具有速度快、效率高、质量好、成本低等优点.     

嵌岩桩潜孔锤的研究与应用

嵌岩桩孔钻进是目前桩孔施工急待解决的难题。本文介绍的大直径潜孔锤钻具，钻进中实现潜孔锤碎岩，泵吸反循环排渣，泥浆湿式循环护壁和压气闭式循环，潜孔锤设计采用计算机模拟仿真技术，对结构参数进行了优化，耗气量低，能量利用率高。其结构为闭型贯通式，钻杆系统采用了三通道，实现压缩空气的全孔封闭循环，同时泵吸反循环排渣，两循环体系相互独立，隔离，经六个嵌岩工程３１５个桩孔钻进表明，钻孔效率高，成孔质量优，具有     

潜孔锤-旋挖组合钻进技术在硬岩桩基工程中的应用

旋挖钻进技术具有经济、快捷、环保等优点,在桩基工程中得到广泛应用,但常规旋挖钻机在钻凿硬岩（抗压强度>80 MPa）时,进尺非常缓慢。为解决采用旋挖钻进技术钻凿硬岩时进尺缓慢的问题,考虑到潜孔锤具有对硬脆性岩石施工速度快的优点,探索将潜孔锤与旋挖钻机组合使用。基于官井基地滑坡治理工程中抗滑桩的施工,对潜孔锤-旋挖组合钻进成孔技术进行介绍,对其碎岩成孔机理进行分析,验证了潜孔锤-旋挖组合钻进成孔技术的可行性,可为硬岩桩基工程的施工提供有益参考。     

潜孔锤钻进技术在山东抗旱打井施工中的应用

利用空气潜孔锤钻进技术进行水井施工是一种有效施工工艺,在效率上比以往的普通岩心钻机有大幅度提高。结合国土资源系统援鲁抗旱打井的实践,介绍了空气潜孔锤钻进技术在应急抗旱打井中的应用,体现了潜孔锤钻进的优越。     

用集束潜孔锤做硬岩连续墙开槽机

介绍了英格素兰公司的集束式潜孔锤的特点及性能，用集束潜孔锤施工３种不同结构连续墙的程序，着重介绍了钢板连续墙施工工序。     

潜孔锤技术及其国内市场分析

本文阐述了潜孔锤钻进的特点、潜孔锤的主要类型及其分类方法、潜孔锤钻进工艺,包括风量、风压、钻压、转速等钻进参数;作者还对潜孔锤钻进的应用领域、潜孔锤技术的发展方向和国内市场进行了分析;文中还用表列出了国产潜孔锤产品的类型及技术参数。     

贯通式潜孔锤气力喷反钻具系统

介绍了贯通式潜孔锤气力喷反钻具系统的工作原理、结构设计、钻具特点及测试和生产试验情况。     

东辽河铁路大桥桩基础施工地质问题的处理

东辽河铁路大桥地基的第四系存在多原因形成的人为物质,构成桥桩基础施工的障碍,使桩孔钻探施工难以进行。经采用多种方法对不同问题进行处理,达到了施工目的。     

大连中远浮船坞工程海上基桩施工技术

大连中远30万t浮船坞工程是目前国内最大的浮船坞工程，共设计海上基桩30根，桩径800mm，嵌入中风化岩石4～5m，最深达8m。利用驳船进行海上基桩施工，采用FGC-15D型大直径湿式反循环潜孔锤钻进成孔，满足施工工艺和工期要求。     

复杂地质条件下基坑支护灌注桩施工技术

北京政泉花园工程地质条件复杂,填土层中分布有各种旧管线、旧混凝土基础、混凝土块以及基坑支护留在土层中的土钉和钢绞线等地下障碍物,灌注桩附近有需要进行保护的管线,施工难度大。结合工程实际,采用人工挖孔、长螺旋钻孔后插钢筋笼施工技术。实践表明,该施工工艺能够有效处理浅层地下障碍物和保护地下管线,同时具有施工简单、安全、质量可靠性高,缩短工期等优点,并从根本上排除了泥浆污染和泥浆处理等环保问题,具有明显的经济效益与社会效益。介绍了该施工技术的施工工艺流程、操作要点。     

Numerical studies on lateral load response of fin piles

In the recent past, in order to cater lateral loads, provision of fins to monopiles is evolving as an option for enhancing their lateral load capacity. Numerical and experimental studies pertaining to fin piles subjected to lateral loading are very limited. It is very difficult to understand the behaviour of fin piles through conventional soil pile theories, due to their different fin configurations. In the present study, three-dimensional finite element analyses were performed on regular piles (pile without fins) as well as fin piles. For fin piles, different fin lengths, orientation and position were considered during the analyses. The results have shown that fins placed at the top portion of the piles are more effective than fins placed at bottom of the pile. In all cases, fin piles exhibited more lateral load-carrying capacity compared to regular piles. When fin’s length is less than half of the pile length, lateral load-carrying capacity of fin piles is same irrespective of their orientation. However, fin’s orientation is significant, when fin length is more than 0.5 times length of piles, star fin piles exhibit more lateral load-carrying capacity compared to diagonal and straight fin piles. Fin piles experienced less bending moment compared to regular piles for a given lateral load. Further, it was also noticed that lateral load-carrying capacity of the fin piles depend upon fins’ length and their orientation.     

扩底桩的上拔试验及其颗粒流数值模拟

通过原型试验和应用颗粒流理论及其PFC2D程序数值模拟,研究了黄土中扩底桩承受上拔荷载的宏观力学性能及其细观结构,以及扩底桩在上拔荷载下的位移、极限上拔承载力和破坏机理.结果表明增加扩底桩扩大端的高度对提高承载力是有效的;破坏机理为土的减压软化和损伤软化的渐进性破坏.并提出了扩底桩极限上拔承载力计算式,计算值与实测值相吻合.应用颗粒流理论分析了颗粒细观结构、受影响区域、扩底桩的上拔位移和土中滑裂面.颗粒流模拟的土中滑裂面、荷载与位移关系和宏观试验实测结果相一致.     

Experimental and numerical investigations on the performance of sacrificial piles in reducing local scour around pile groups

This paper presents both experimental study and numerical simulation to investigate the effects of an innovative sacrificial piles concept to reduce local scour surrounding service piles. These sacrificial piles are placed upstream of the pile groups, which serves to change the flow field and reduce the erosive force before it reaches the service piles. Four types of pile group arrangements were considered in the experimental and simulation analyses, including single pile, double pile in tandem arrangements, double pile with side-by-side arrangements, and pile array of 2 × 2 arrangements. Scaled experiments were conducted in flume for each group of design, and local scour around piles with and without sacrificial piles was monitored. It was found that the sacrificial piles effectively reduced the development of local scour surrounding the service piles, especially at their heels. The results also showed that the use of sacrificial piles reduced the time required for the scour depth to reach the equilibrium conditions than those without the sacrificial piles. To corroborate the experimental observation, numerical simulation with three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model has also been carried out with commercial code with verified erosion model. The development of dynamic scour process and maximum scour depth were obtained by the computational simulations. Comparison of experimental and computational results both indicates that the use of sacrificial pile is effective in reducing the scour depth. The extent of reduction in the maximum scour depth varied with the arrangement of sacrificial piles.     

Study on stability of thin-walled circular pipe piles embedded shallowly under lateral loads

The interaction between soil and rigid piles loaded laterally is analyzed with finite difference method. There is a little difference between computational and experimental value of bearing capacity of rigid piles. Effects of embedding dimensions of piles and mechanical parameters of soil on lateral bearing capacity of rigid piles are studied. It is found that the lateral bearing capacities of rigid piles have important relation with the elastic modulus of soil, have approximate linear relations with the cohesion of soil and the friction coefficient of pile-soil interface and increase obviously with the internal friction angle of soil. But the effects of dilation angle on the lateral bearing capacities of rigid piles are negligible. The relations of bearing capacities of rough piles with smooth piles and the friction coefficient of pile-soil interface are also obtained.     

基于遗传算法的抗滑桩优化设计

抗滑桩由于其桩位布置灵活、施工比较方便、治理效果可靠,是滑坡治理工程中广泛采用的一种抗滑措施。一直以来抗滑桩设计都是沿用手工查表计算的方法,采用这种传统的抗滑桩设计方法不仅增加了工程师繁重的计算工作,而且很难实现优化设计。文章在对抗滑桩的工作机理进行分析的基础上,讨论了影响抗滑桩经济性的主要因素,以抗滑桩的截面宽、高和长度为基本要素,建立了抗滑桩优化设计的数学模型,并采用遗传算法进行求解。最后对一个工程实例用传统设计方法和优化设计方法所得的结果进行了比较,结果表明,对抗滑桩进行优化设计不仅能减轻工程设计人员的工作量,还可以在满足安全的条件下明显的降低工程费用,在滑坡治理工程中具有一定的实际意义。     

大直径软岩嵌岩桩端阻发挥性状实测分析

通过对工程试桩资料的分析，阐述桩端支承条件不同时端阻力发挥性状的差异。结果表明：当桩底支承强时，端阻发挥较为缓慢；桩底支承弱时，端阻增加较为迅速，两试桩的破坏均以过大的沉降作为标志；当荷载达极限时，端阻增加幅度都出现陡降。     

浙江某高层预应力管桩偏位和上浮处理实例分析

结合工程实例分析了预应力管桩产生偏位的原因,介绍了偏位预应力管桩的处理方法。首先测量每根管桩的桩顶偏位和上浮情况,然后对所有管桩进行低应变动测,确定桩身损伤情况及缺陷部位,最后根据管桩偏位和损伤情况采取有针对性的处理措施。工程中对上浮桩采用复打复压处理;对严重偏位且断裂桩进行补预应力管桩处理;对偏位超过规范值但桩身质量完好的桩进行纠偏扶正处理;对偏位较大且桩身有损伤的桩进行先纠偏扶正,并在管桩内芯放钢筋笼灌芯加固处理;对群桩大面积偏位损伤部分由于处理后承载力达不到设计要求需要采用补桩处理。建筑物经上述处理后的实测最大沉降仅为 9 mm,且沉降较为均匀。