中天山南缘伊尔根布鲁克石英闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学特征

中天山位于天山造山带核心部位,对研究中亚造山带西南段构造演化、块体起源和陆壳生长等具重要意义。本次研究围绕中天山伊尔根布鲁克石英闪长岩展开,锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年获得岩浆结晶年龄为(313.3±5.7)Ma,成岩时代为晚石炭世。花岗岩SiO_2含量58.13%~66.74%,具低CaO含量3.68%~5.79%和高Al_2O_3含量13.02%~13.68%特征。轻重稀土元素分馏明显,富集轻稀土元素,Eu弱正异常或无异常,δEu=0.95~1.3。岩石地球化学研究表明,花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Ba,Sr,K和亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,Ti,P,具火山弧花岗岩特征。结合岩石锆石LA-ICP-MS定年结果和区域地质背景,认为伊尔根布鲁克石英闪长岩可能是中天山南缘大洋俯冲消减作用的产物,该区大洋俯冲消减至少延续到晚石炭世。     

新疆中天山南缘代京却可却花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

中天山位于天山造山带核心部位,对研究中亚造山带西南段构造演化、块体起源和陆壳生长等具重要意义。围绕中天山代京却可却花岗岩进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年获得岩浆结晶年龄为(469.7±4.9)Ma,时代为中奥陶世。花岗岩SiO_2含量69.91%~74.4%,具低TiO_2(0.1%~0.27%)和高Al2O3(13.02%~13.68%)特征。轻重稀土元素分馏明显,富集轻稀土元素,Eu负异常(δEu=0.69~0.81)。岩石地球化学研究表明,花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Th,Rb,K,亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,Ti,P,具火山弧花岗岩特征。结合岩石锆石LA-ICP-MS定年结果及区域地质背景,认为代京却可却花岗岩可能是中天山南缘大洋俯冲消减作用产物,该区大洋俯冲消减至少在中奥陶世前开始。     

中天山卡瓦布拉克地区彩霞山花岗岩体年龄及成因

彩霞山花岗岩体位于中天山南缘的卡瓦布拉克地区,由糜棱岩化二长花岗岩和斑状钾长花岗岩组成,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(330.0±3.6)Ma、(333.3±3.6)Ma;其锆石εHf(t)分别为5.23~0.87和10.85^-5.81,tDM2分别为1.28~1.00Ga和1.7~0.65Ga。地球化学分析结果显示,二长花岗岩和斑状钾长花岗岩的A/CNK、Na2O+K2O值分别为6.40、45.91和4.17、33.19,均属于高钾钙碱性过铝质I型花岗岩。富集轻稀土元素,具有强烈的铕负异常(δEu=2.76~4.14)。糜棱岩化二长花岗岩同构造侵位的显微构造特征揭示卡瓦布拉克韧性剪切带至少在早石炭世晚期处于活动状态。结合区域地质资料,认为彩霞山花岗岩体形成于南天山洋向北俯冲的活动大陆边缘环境,代表中天山南缘晚古生代岩浆弧的一部分。     

东昆仑鄂拉山岩浆带晚三叠世后碰撞伸展:来自索拉沟高分异I型花岗岩的证据

鄂拉山岩浆带位于东昆仑造山带最东端,为研究该地区晚三叠世的构造背景,选取索拉沟地区钾长花岗岩开展研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,索拉沟钾长花岗岩加权平均年龄为(233±1)Ma,形成于晚三叠世早期。该岩石有很高的w(SiO_2)(75.91%～77.23%)、富K_2O和Na_2O,贫CaO、MgO、TiO_2和P_2O_5,A/CNK介于1.01～1.05,属高钾钙碱性系列,锆石饱和温度733～768℃,具有强烈的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu~*=0.09～0.25),明显富集大离子亲石元素(LILE Rb、Th、U、K等)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损Ba、Sr及Nb、P、Zr、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),显示高分异I型花岗岩的特征。锆石Hf同位素初始值(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)范围为0.282 487～0.282 611,ε_(Hf)(t)介于-3.54～-0.56;对应的两阶段模式年龄T_(2DM)(Hf)为1.16～1.33 Ga。索拉沟钾长花岗岩是新生下地壳部分熔融后经过分离结晶作用形成,新生下地壳是幔源岩浆在特提斯洋俯冲阶段(242～238 Ma)底侵古老地壳形成。结合晚古生代至中生代东昆仑地区的构造演化特征,认为索拉沟钾长花岗岩形成于张性构造背景,与古特提斯洋俯冲结束后巴颜喀拉地体与东昆仑地体后碰撞造山伸展作用有关。     

大兴安岭中段突泉地区早白垩世碱性流纹岩锆石U-Pb定年及岩石成因

LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄表明,突泉地区碱性流纹岩锆石的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄分别为135±1Ma、133±1Ma,属于早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学资料表明,碱性流纹岩具富SiO_2、K_2O和高TFeO/MgO值,低Al_2O_3、CaO和MgO的特征,属于高钾钙碱性系列岩石,稀土元素总量较高,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,具右倾的稀土元素分布模式,负Eu异常明显,相对富集Rb、U、Zr、Hf,亏损Sr、Ti、Nb、Ta等元素,花岗岩判别图解上,样品分布在A型花岗岩区;在Nb-Y-3Ga图解上,显示拉张构造环境的A_2型花岗岩的特征;元素地球化学示踪指出,突泉地区碱性流纹岩可能起源于下地壳的部分熔融,结合区域上分布的同时代火山岩及A型花岗岩类,可以限定碱性流纹岩形成于伸展构造背景,并可能与北部蒙古-鄂霍茨克缝合带的演化有关。锆石Hf同位素研究显示,本区早白垩世流纹岩ε_(Hf)(t)值为+4.2～+10.7,其二阶模式年龄平均为0.74～0.76Ga,结合松嫩地块、兴安地块Hf同位素资料,表明兴安地块与松嫩地块具有相似的地壳增生过程。     

南秦岭随州地区正长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学与地球化学特征

随州北部正长花岗岩体呈岩脉出露,年代学研究表明,正长花岗岩中岩浆锆石SHRIMP U-Pb加权平均年龄为648.8±1.9Ma(MSWD=0.86),属新元古代。岩石地球化学成分显示其属于高钾钙碱性、准铝质系列花岗岩。岩体高硅(SiO_2=70.67%～75.75%)、富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=7.28%～8.53%)、铁镁比(FeO~T/MgO=26.37～35.50)较高、钙镁含量较低(CaO=0.60%～1.53%,MgO=0.07%～0.12%);稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾斜型,显示Eu负异常(δEu=0.33～0.56);1000Ga/Al值介于2.60～3.41,Zr+Nb+Ce+Y=552.48×10~(-6)～648.87×10~(-6);微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示,Rb、K和Th等大离子亲石元素明显富集,相对富集Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta等高场强元素,相对亏损Sr、P和Ti,以上特征表明随州北部正长花岗岩为A1型花岗岩。结合区域构造演化,认为随州北部正长花岗岩形成于板内伸展的构造环境,新元古代晚期,秦岭-桐柏-大别地区构造体制经历了重要的转变,在南秦岭东段由古秦岭洋的俯冲导致的挤压作用转换为弧后拉伸减薄作用。在伸展体制下,岩浆上涌形成本区A1型正长花岗岩。     

卡而却卡地区新元古代变质侵入岩体的发现及其地质意义

卡而却卡地区地处东昆仑祁漫塔格成矿带内。通过对卡而却卡地区花岗片麻岩的岩石学、地球化学、同位素年代学的研究表明,区内原厘定的花岗片麻岩应为新元古代花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年研究结果显示岩体侵位时代为910Ma±3Ma,时代为新元古代青白口纪;岩石具高SiO_2、Al_2O_3、K_2O,贫FeO、MgO、CaO特点;稀土元素分布模式为轻稀土富集,Eu中等亏损;岩石中不相容微量元素K、Rb、Ba、Th等强烈富集,Nb、Zr、Ce、Ta、Hf等富集一般,Y弱亏损。以上特征表明,岩石属于高钾钙碱性S型花岗岩,岩浆来源于陆壳部分熔融,形成于同碰撞环境,是东昆仑地区响应Rodinia超大陆汇聚事件的物质记录。     

西天山晚石炭世岩浆混合花岗岩的确定及其地质意义——来自玉奇布拉克和乌图精河岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学证据

西天山博罗科努地区的玉奇布拉克和乌图精河岩体中发育大量暗色闪长质包体,包体发育矿物相互包裹的嵌晶及岩浆冷凝矿物不平衡结构,同时出现淬冷形成的针状磷灰石,指示岩体形成过程经历了二元岩浆的混合作用。包体较寄主花岗岩有明显低的SiO_2、K_2O,高CaO、FeO~T和MgO,但二者的微量元素高度一致,相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等LILE,贫HFSE,亏损Sr、Nb、Ta、P和Ti等元素,为二元岩浆混合作用所致。经LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,两个岩体寄主花岗岩和包体分别获得301 Ma、308 Ma和303 Ma、298 Ma的形成年龄,指示同期不同源岩浆活动并存。寄主花岗岩的ε_(Hf)(t)值分别为+4.20~+8.33和+4.97~+7.0;Hf陆壳模式年龄T C_(DM)为782~1045 Ma和863~998 Ma,揭示它们主要源自新元古代早期陆壳物质。包体的εHf(t)值分别为+2.75~+6.41和+4.63~+7.92,与区域上同期基性岩脉正的εHf(t)和εNd(t)值相当。结合区域上同期花岗岩类高ε_(Hf)(t)和ε_(Nd)(t)、中等n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)推断,该期花岗岩是新元古代早期陆壳物质部分熔融的岩浆与被消减带组分改造的略亏损岩石圈地幔岩浆混合作用的结果,并构成由晚石炭世高钾钙碱性花岗岩向早二叠世富钾花岗岩/或A型花岗岩转换的岩浆演化系列,表明晚石炭世—早二叠世期间西天山造山带转入后碰撞晚期向伸展转化的构造环境。陆壳伸展导致幔源基性岩浆上侵,诱发陆壳部分熔融产生壳源岩浆,二者混合形成晚古生代以来西天山最为广泛的花岗岩浆活动,成为区内一次重要的地壳垂向增生事件。     

内蒙古镶黄旗南晚古生代晶洞钾长花岗岩杂岩的发现、岩石成因及其构造意义

具有特殊晶洞构造的镶黄旗南钾长花岗岩杂岩,位于中亚造山带华北地台北缘东段。获得其黑云钾长花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为(262.7±2.0)Ma;杂岩体为准铝质、弱过铝质到过铝质,钙碱性到高钾钙碱性,I型和A型花岗岩。从组成杂岩体的石英二长岩、钾长花岗斑岩到具有晶洞构造的黑云钾长花岗岩,SiO2、全碱含量及δEu负异常值逐渐升高,基性组分逐渐降低;并随岩浆结晶演化,Al2O3、TFeO、TiO2、CaO、P2O5、Na2O含量呈线性逐渐降低,K2O含量逐渐升高;相似的微量、稀土元素配分模式暗示,组成杂岩体的各组分为同源岩浆不同演化阶段的产物。根据较低的镁指数值(Mg#:0.03～0.37),Rb/Sr比值(0.58～5.73、0.23～0.48、0.20～0.27)和Hf同位素组成(εHf(t)=-2.65～2.38)及εHf(t)模式年龄(1 220.80～957.97 Ma)暗示,杂岩体位于中亚造山带向华北克拉通过渡范围,源岩来自于新增生的弧增生杂岩基底壳源熔融。具有俯冲消减带组分(SZC)特征的钾长花岗岩杂岩,由具有弧岩浆性质的基底控制;镶黄旗南钾长花岗岩可能与华北地台北缘西段乌梁亚斯太A型花岗岩组成一条代表古亚洲洋最终缝合的A型花岗岩带,其具有西部形成早于东部的特征。     

挥发份对高硅岩浆演化趋势的制约:以东南沿海白垩纪晚期花岗岩类岩石为例SCIEI北大核心CSCD

东南沿海分布大面积的白垩纪晚期侵入岩。这些岩石可分为两期:其中115~100Ma以钙碱性系列岩石为主,岩石组合为辉长岩-闪长岩-花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩-碱性长石花岗岩;而100~86Ma的岩石为碱性系列,岩石组合为石英二长斑岩-正长斑岩-碱性长石花岗岩。115~100Ma的辉长岩以角闪辉长岩为主,具有极高的CaO、MgO和Al_(2)O_(3)含量,具有极低的SiO_(2)(42.9%~53.8%)、全碱(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O:0.86%~5.28%)、Ba、Nb、Th、Rb和Zr含量,也具有极低的FeO^(T)/MgO、La/Yb和Zr/Hf比值,较高的Eu/Eu^(*)、Sr/Y比值和Sr含量,为基性-超基性堆晶岩。与辉长岩同期的闪长岩和细粒暗色包体具有较高的SiO_(2)(50.34%~63.68%),较低的CaO、P_(2)O_(5)、MgO、Al_(2)O_(3)含量,相对低的Eu/Eu^(*)和Sr/Y比值,变化较大的La/Yb和Zr/Hf比值,代表了从基性岩浆储库中抽取的富硅熔体。115~100Ma的花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩类岩石为准铝质岩石,SiO_(2)含量变化较大(61.7%~75.3%),具有较低的FeO^(T)/MgO、Ga/Al比值和Nb、Zr及Nb+Zr+Ce+Y元素含量,显示出典型I型花岗岩的特征。这些花岗岩具有相对高的La/Yb、Eu/Eu^(*)和Zr/Hf比值和高的Sr、Ba和Zr含量。结合岩相学特征,这些花岗岩为堆晶花岗岩。而115~100Ma的碱性长石花岗岩具有极高的SiO_(2)含量(大于75%),低的Eu/Eu^(*)、La/Yb、Zr/Hf和Sr/Y比值,具有低的Ba、Sr和Zr含量和高的Rb、Nb、Y和Th含量和Rb/Sr比值,表明这些花岗岩是由富硅岩浆储库中抽离的高硅熔体侵入地壳形成。100~86Ma期间形成的二长斑岩和正长斑岩具有极高的全碱含量,可以达到8%~12%,其SiO_(2)主要集中在60%~70%,具有极高的Zr、Sr和Ba含量和Eu/Eu^(*)、La/Yb和Sr/Y比值,显示出堆晶花岗岩的特征。而100~86Ma期间形成的大部分碱性长石花岗岩具有极高的SiO_(2)含量(大于75%),并显示出A型花岗岩的特征,具有高的Rb/Sr比值和高的Rb、Y和Th和低的Ba、Sr含量和低的Zr/Hf、La/Yb、Eu/Eu^(*)和Sr/Y比值,表明它们是由富硅岩浆储库抽离的高硅熔体侵入浅部地壳形成。东南沿海高硅花岗岩的形成和穿地壳岩浆系统密切相关,高硅花岗岩是由浅部地壳内晶体-熔体分异产生的熔体侵入地壳所形成,而高硅花岗岩的地球化学特征与岩浆储库的水及挥发份含量密切相关。115~100Ma期间,从富水的岩浆储库抽离的熔体形成具有低高场强元素含量和低Rb/Sr比值的高硅花岗岩,这一过程与古太平洋板块俯冲有关;100~86Ma期间,从富挥发份的岩浆储库抽离的熔体形成碱性特征、富含高场强元素和具有高的Rb/Sr比值的高硅花岗岩,这一过程和古太平洋板块回撤软流圈上涌有关。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of