白家疃地区地热观测分析

介绍了白家疃地区的水文地质概况。利用二阶差分法处理了白家疃地震台地热观测井7年的地热观测资料，在时间域中提取出较为可信的地震前兆信息。探讨了地热异常变化对地震发生的影响。     

辽宁省地热观测现状及映震分析

介绍辽宁省地热观测台网的概况，从观测资料的正常稳定性特征出发，分析了地热异常形态及其与地震的联系，阐述了应用地热前兆异常预报地震的思路。     

地热场与地震活动研究现状概述

概述了国内外在地热场和地震活动研究方面的动态,主要包括地震活动带与地热异常区相吻合的一些现象、地热场和地震活动的共同成生关系,以及作者对此项工作的几点建议。     

地热异常与地震活动关系的综合分析

根据地球内部热状况及震源热力学理论,分析了全球地热带与地震活动带之间的密切关系。指出我国1966年—1988年强震(Ms≥7.0)多发生在地热异常区的边缘(两端和两侧)及两个相近热区之间的地热梯度带。认为区域热流动态的分布特征是地震危险区的重要判别指标之一,与构造活动断裂有关的深井,温泉的温度变化可能是地热异常显示的灵敏“窗口”。     

大同-阳高地震地热异常与机理初探

1989年10月大同—阳高地震前后,距震中约75km的三马坊地热测点的高精度地温观测仪器(分辨率0.0001℃),记录到持续50多天、温度上升幅度达0.15℃的明显的地热异常。本文研究了该异常变化的特点。在总体上,异常为幂函数型升温形态。在地震发生前几天,地热异常呈现“相对下降—下降速率变缓—急剧回升—短时平稳—地震发生”的过程。本文还对地热异常的机理进行了初步探讨。     

一次ML 3.9地震前的地热短临异常特征

地热测项是地震前兆观测项目之一 ,国内已观测到多次地热异常的震例 ,如 1 988年 1 1月云南澜沧 -耿马 7.6级地震 ,1 989年 1 0月山西大同 6.1级地震等 (国家地震局科技监测司 ,1 995)。聊城台地热观测始于 1 998年 9月 ,自观测以来 ,于 1 999年 5月 2 0日发生了一个距聊城台 1     

北天山地震活动区地热信息的观测与研究

１９８９年以来，在北天山重点监视区设立了６个地热观测站（３个热水井，３个温泉），采用分辨率为０．０００１℃，精度为±０．００５℃的石英数字温度计连续记录水温的动态变化。观测结果表明：水温有两类正常动态类型，即稳定动态和年周期动态。４次中强地震前后水温出现明显的异常变化，震后变化更为剧烈。地热前兆异常形态各异，因井泉不同而不同。认为，深入研究活动断裂带和地热异常区的热信息不仅对寻找地震前兆，而且对地震危险区判定具有重要作用。     

江苏地区数字地热正常动态及震例初步研究

地震地热前兆的观测与研究是一项具有特色的短临预报新方法,并在地震预报的实践中取得了一定的实效。江苏省地震局在“九五”期间建立了一批数字化地热综合观测台, 积累了丰富的观测资料并记录到数个地热异常震例。一年来在边观测边研究的过程中发现数字化地热观测资料具有信息量大、观测精度高、正常动态稳定、异常易于识别、映震灵敏等优点。并对数字地热资料进行了充分的使用和多种方法分析, 在研究正常动态特征和影响因素的基础上,总结异常识别和异常分析方法, 并通过对典型震例的研究探索地热异常与地震之间的关系。     

黄河上游地区地热场初步分析

运用热流、地温梯度及温泉等资料,划分了黄河上游地区的地热异常区,讨论了地热与构造及地震的关系。认为断裂构造及深部热源是地热异常的主要成因;在空间上,强震分布与热异常区的分布呈相关关系。     

沧13井地热异常跟踪分析

沧13井数字化地热资料自2010年12月13日开始出现上升异常变化,之后高值持续.在排除环境因素无明显的变化外,通过一系列的分析方法,诸如地热与水位、气压相关资料的对比分析,地热变化与观测系统的电信号的相关分析,调取分析存储的原始记录.综合分析认为：该地热异常变化不是地震前兆异常.     

Gas geochemistry of the Valles caldera region, New Mexico and comparisons with gases at Yellowstone, Long Valley and other geothermal systems

Noncondensible gases from hot springs, fumaroles, and deep wells within the Valles caldera geothermal system (210–300°C) consist of roughly 98.5 mol% CO₂, 0.5 mol% H₂S, and 1 mol% other components. ³He/⁴He ratios indicate a deep magmatic source (R/R_a up to 6) whereas δ¹³C–CO₂ values (−3 to −5‰) do not discriminate between a mantle/magmatic source and a source from subjacent, hydrothermally altered Paleozoic carbonate rocks. Regional gases from sites within a 50-km radius beyond Valles caldera are relatively enriched in CO₂ and He, but depleted in H₂S compared to Valles gases. Regional gases have R/R_a values ≤1.2 due to more interaction with the crust and/or less contribution from the mantle. Carbon sources for regional CO₂ are varied. During 1982–1998, repeat analyses of gases from intracaldera sites at Sulphur Springs showed relatively constant CH₄, H₂, and H₂S contents. The only exception was gas from Footbath Spring (1987–1993), which experienced increases in these three components during drilling and testing of scientific wells VC-2a and VC-2b. Present-day Valles gases contain substantially less N₂ than fluid inclusion gases trapped in deep, early-stage, post-caldera vein minerals. This suggests that the long-lived Valles hydrothermal system (ca. 1 Myr) has depleted subsurface Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of nitrogen. When compared with gases from many other geothermal systems, Valles caldera gases are relatively enriched in He but depleted in CH₄, N₂ and Ar. In this respect, Valles gases resemble end-member hydrothermal and magmatic gases discharged at hot spots (Galapagos, Kilauea, and Yellowstone).     

Geochemical processes and origin of boron isotopes in geothermal water in the Yunnan-Tibet geothermal zone

Boron concentrations and isotope compositions have been measured for 93 water samples from the hot springs and drill-holes in the geothermal system in the Yunnan-Tibet Geothermal Belt(YTGB),China.Boron concentrations range from 0.036–472.4ppm,and theδ11B values range from -16.0‰to 13.1‰,indicating the non-marine origin for each geothermal system.We observed a clear binary mixing relationship between the B concentrations and B isotope compositions in Tibet geothermal area.This relationship can be well explained by two sources,i.e.,marine carbonate rocks and magmatic rocks,for the Tibet geothermal water.No evidence supports a mantle contribution to B.In addition,we found that the precipitation only plays a dilution role for B of geothermal waters.δ11B values for the precipitation across the southern Tibetan Plateau area range from -6.0‰ to -6.8‰at least.Due to data scarcity in Yunnan geothermal area,we observed possible different boron sources from the Tibet geothermal system.Comparing it with other geothermal systems in the world,we found that the samples from YTGB have the lowestδ11B values and the largest range of B concentration,which might be related to their special geological background.On the whole,the world geothermalδ11B-Cl/B relation suggests a mixing process between marine and non-marine sources.Additionally,we suggest that B source of B-enriched geothermal waters is mainly from B-enriched crustal country-rocks,instead of mantle.     

张道口台热水井地热最佳观测层选择的研究

本文系统地论述了张道口台热水井的基本民政部及该井周围的水文地质环境,给出了１０５－１９５ｍ的水温实测资料,分析了１６５－１８５ｍ水温背离地热增温规律而出现“低异常”的原因,指出２２０ｍ左右为最佳地热观测层,此磺研究为全国地热观测台网的选择与建设提供了借鉴。     

The geothermal character of the northern segment of 305 Geotransection in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

The305Geotransectionsurveysonstratigraphy,deposition,structurology,petrographyandexplorestogeophysicsfieldcharacterinthecrustanduppermantle.Thelithosphericevolutionanddynamicprocess,andtheirrelationshipwithmineralformationandpetroleumreservoirinwesternXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegionwerestudied(Wu,etal,1990).The305GeotransectionisfromBurqintoMazar.Weworkedinthenorthernsegmentof305Geotransection.ThesegmentpassesthroughthewesternedgeofJunggarBasintotheNorthernTianshanMountainfrontwiththelengt…     

Low enthalpy geothermal energy resources in Denmark

The deep oil exploration drillings in Denmark have shown that especially the Danish Embayment contains low enthalpy geothermal resources associated with warm aquifers. The most promising reservoirs have been found in highly permeable Upper Triassic sand and sandstone beds, which cover at least 5000 km² at depths of 2000–3000 m and at temperatures of 60–100°C. The porosity of the main reservoir is of 15–25%, and the permeability is presumed to be approximately 1 darcy (10^–12 m²) or higher. A layer thickness of 30–60 m has been observed on a number of localities. Also the Middle Jurassic and the Lower Triassic contain reservoirs of interest. A major geothermal exploration work is planned with seismic investigations, drillings to depths of 2000–4000 m and probably establishment of pilot district heating plants.     

Hydrogeochemistry and environmental impact of geothermal waters from Yangyi of Tibet,China

The Yangyi geothermal field, located 72 km northwest to Lhasa City, capital of Tibet, has a high reservoir temperature up to at least 207.2 °C. The geothermal waters from both geothermal wells and hot springs belong to the HCO₃ (+CO₃)–Na type. Factor analysis of all the chemical constituents shows that they can be divided into two factors: F₁ factor receives the contributions of SO₄²⁻, Cl⁻, SiO₂, As, B, Na⁺, K⁺, and Li⁺; whereas F₂ factor is explained by HCO₃⁻, F⁻, CO₃²⁻, Ca²⁺, and Sr²⁺. The F₁ factor can be regarded as an indicator of the reservoir temperature distribution at Yangyi, but its variable correlation with the results of different geothermometers (Na–K, quartz and K–Mg) does not allow one to draw further inferences. Different from F₁, the F₂ factor is an indicator of a group of hydrogeochemical processes resulting from the CO₂ pressure decrease in geothermal water during its ascent from the deep underground, including transformation of HCO₃⁻ to CO₃²⁻, precipitation of Ca²⁺ and Sr²⁺, and release of F⁻ from some fluoride-bearing minerals of reservoir rocks. The plot of enthalpy vs. chloride, prepared on the basis of Na–K equilibrium temperatures, suggests that a parent geothermal liquid (PGL) with Cl⁻ concentration of 185 mg/L (that of sample YYT-8) and enthalpy of 1020 J/g (corresponding to a temperature of 236–237 °C, i.e., somewhat higher than that of sample YYT-6) is present in the geothermal reservoir of the Yangyi area, below both the Qialagai valley and the Bujiemu valley, although the samples less affected by mixing and cooling (YYT-6 and YYT-7) come from the second site. The discharge of geothermal waters with high contents of toxic elements such as B, As and F into the Luolang River, the only drinking water source for local residents, has caused slight pollution of the river water. Great care should therefore be taken in the geothermal water resource management at Yangyi.     

Study on the relationship between geothermal exploitation and seismic activity in Xi''''an region

IntroductionGeothermal energy is a new and clear energy resource. It is very useful in heating and generating electricity and medical treating. The Assembly of International Environmental Protection in 1992 predicted that the usage and development of geothermal energy would exceed the traditional energy such as oil and coal, and its developmental prospect will be very bright.There are great geothermal resources in Weihe basin. The average value of heat flow in Weihe basin is 7.88(10(2 W/m2…     

白家疃地温异常变化与地震的对应关系

根据１９８５年９月─１９９２年１２月白家疃地温微变化的测量数据，用幅差法对地温的日均值变化进行了地温异常变化的判别，并与在此期间发生在首都圈（３８°３０＇─４１°Ｎ，１１３°─１２０°Ｅ）内的、Ｍ＿Ｌ在３．５以上的地震进行了对应关系统计分析。结果表明，有５７％的判别出的地温异常变化与４６％的选出地震有对应关系。随着震级的提高，有更高比例的地震和地温异常变化有对应关系。当震中距在１００─２５０ｋｍ范围内，有大致不变比例的地震与地温异常变化有对应关系。     

地热资源探测方法研究进展

地热资源将成为未来一种重要的生态型资源，具有巨大的市场潜力，地热资源的研究与利用历史比较悠久，其探测方法与技术也处于不断的革新过程中，本文总结了地热资源探测的方法与技术及其进展情况，并探讨了利用3S技术和计算机技术的融合在地热资源探测中的应用情况及发展前景。