类星体QSO2000-330的重元素吸收线系统的证认

本文利用文[1]和文[2]所给出的高红移类星体吸收系统的证认方法,对目前最大红移类星体QS02000-330(z_e=3.78)的吸收光谱进行了吸收线红移系统的证认,并得到了六个重元素的吸收线系统:z_a=3.1881,3.1913,3.3335,3.5519以及z_a=1.3441,3.3459。前四个系统和Hunstead等人(1986)所得到的A、B、C、D系统(红移值分别是z_a=3.1881,3.1914,3.3332,3.5519)相符合;后两个是我们新发现的吸收系统。     

跟类星体红移宇宙学解释相符合的证据

分析类星体吸收线红移和发射线红移的特征。我们从Hewitt和Burbidge ( 1 993 )的星表中选择了吸收线红移和发射线红移都同时提供的类星体 ,得到了包含 4 0 1个对象的样本。这是至今对类星体红移研究的最大样本。我们从吸收线红移和发射线红移之间的关系图发现绝大多数 ( 93 .6% )对象的吸收线红移都小于相应的发射线红移。这个结论人们在 2 0世纪 70年代已经从很小的类星体样本 (样本大小 50左右 )中得到。本文进一步支持了这个结论。它表明类星体红移确实是距离的指示器。这跟宇宙学对类星体红移的解释是一致的     

跟类星体红移宇宙学解释相符合的证据

分析类星体吸收线红移和发射线红移的特征。我们从Hewitt和Burbidge（1993）的星表中选择了吸收线红称和发射线红移都同时提供的类星体，得到了包含401个对象的样本。这是至今对类星体红移研究的最大样本。我们从吸收线红移和发射线红移之间的关系图发现绝大多数（93．6％）对象的吸收线红移都小于相应的发射线红移。这个结论人们在20世纪70年代已经从很小的类星体样本（样本大小50左右）中得到。本文进一步支持了这个结论。它表明类星体红移确实是距离的指示器。这跟宇宙学对类星体红移的解释是一致的。     

星系际分子氢云的探测

本文对四个高红移类星体PKS1442 101(OQ172)、PKS0805 046(4C05.34)、PKS0528-250和PKS1448-232的光谱进行了氢分子吸收线的证认。得到的结果是:OQ172的吸收光谱中存在红移为Z=2.27292的氢分子吸收线系统;4C05.34中存在红移为Z=2.37030和2.44478的氢分子吸收线系统。     

与发射线区成协的类星体CIV吸收系统研究(Ⅱ)统计研究(2)

本文是系列文章Ⅱ的第2篇.根据前文的统计结果,我们确认了成协吸收系统的存在.本文在此基础上,对成协吸收系统出现频率与类星体红移、光学亮度、X射线波段和红外波段辐射性质的相关性进行了讨论.结果表明成协吸收系统与类星体X射线波段性质无关,而与类星体的红移和光学亮度有关,表现为低红移(z<2.0)低光度(M_v≥-27~m) 的类星体中成协系统的出现频率明显地比其它样本高得多.     

类星体吸收线红移的研究

在此工作中,分析了一个类星体样本的吸收线红移和发射线红移之间的关系。结果表明这两类红移之间存在显著的相关。主要结论:a)反常吸收线红移的主要部分是宇宙学红移;b)吸收体相对于类星体的运动是弱的;c)结果表明产生这些反常吸收线红移的吸收体位于类星体寄主星系或者类星体内部并且朝着类星体运动。     

类星体Lα森林吸收线密度与发射红移相关性的再考察

继文[1]之后,本文利用15个中—高红移类星体的Lα森林构成统计样本,再度考察了Lα森林吸收线密度N(Z_(abs))与发射红移Z_(em)的相关性。本文的统计样本包含的红移范围比文[1]更大:类星体的发射红移值从1.715到3.750,Lα森林吸收线红移范围从1.501到3.780;统计方法亦与文[1]略有差异。统计结果再度表明,Lα森林吸收线密度N(Z_(abs))明显依赖于类星体自身的发射红移Z_(em),这不仅在于Z_(em)越大的类星体其全部吸收线的平均数密度N(Z_(abs))也越大,更重要的是,对于相同的吸收红移值Z_(abs)而言,N(Z_(abs))在统计意义上明显地随Z_(em)的增大而增大。文末对所得的结果作了讨论。     

类星体SDSSJ0916+2921的类银河系2175A 尘埃消光特征

光谱观测显示类星体SDSS J091613.60+292106.1 (简称J0916+2921, 系统红移zem=1.1418\pm 0.0018)中有特殊的2175A尘埃消光特征, 其强度显著大于银河系平均强度. 光谱同时探测到与尘埃成协的丰富气体吸收线, 确定吸收线系统红移为zbs = 1.1413 \pm 0.0002, 和类星体红移一致. 气态金属离子柱密度相对太阳丰度的比例为Al/Zn =-1.68 \pm 0.10, Cr/Zn=-0.49 \pm0.10, Fe/Zn = -0.81 pm 0.18. 尘埃耗散作用显著, 说明该系统中尘埃十分丰富, 与观测的强尘埃消光特征吻合. 类银河系的2175A尘埃消光特征在类星体光谱中多见于中间插入吸收线系统, 至今未明确认证内禀吸收线系统出现该特征, 类星体SDSS J0916+2921是目前仅有的数个候选者之一. 该类星体X射线辐射相较一般类星体更强, 后续可用作研究2175A}尘埃在强高能射线照射条件下的形成与离解平衡, 以揭示2175A尘埃的化学成分、物理性质和起源.     

高红移类星体吸收线光谱的研究

作者用英-澳四米望远镜的RGo卡焦摄谱仪及其附属的IPCS系统获得了分辨率为2的四个高红移类星体的光谱,并利用这些光谱讨论了:(Ⅰ)由PKS0805 046和PKS1442 101的L_α/L_β对及L_α/L_γ对的强相关证实了,大量存在于高红移类星体L_α发射短波区的吸收线是氢云吸收的结果;(Ⅱ)吸收线分布和L_α/L_β对相关函数的分析反映了PKS0528-250可能是一个例外,需要进一步的观测来证实这种特殊性;(Ⅲ)由类星体抛射出来的物质的吸收,或与类星体成协的星系团或插入星系的吸收都可造成含有金属线的吸收线红移系统;(Ⅳ)由L_α/L_β对的生长曲线定出的柱密度和弥散速度的随机性,支持了纯Lα的吸收来自大爆炸宇宙早期原始氢云的假说;(Ⅴ)单位红移的氢云密度随红移的分布取决于Z>3的类星体的吸收线资料。     

类星体SDSS J0916+2921的类银河系2175 ?尘埃消光特征

光谱观测显示类星体SDSS J091613.60+292106.1 (简称J0916+2921,系统红移zem=1.1418±0.0018)中有特殊的2175?尘埃消光特征,其强度显著大于银河系平均强度.光谱同时探测到与尘埃成协的丰富气体吸收线,确定吸收线系统红移为zabs=1.1413±0.0002,和类星体红移一致.气态金属离子柱密度相对太阳丰度的比例为[Al/Zn]=-1.68±0.10,[Cr/Zn]=-0.49±0.10,[Fe/Zn]=-0.81±0.18.尘埃耗散作用显著,说明该系统中尘埃十分丰富,与观测的强尘埃消光特征吻合.类银河系的2175?尘埃消光特征在类星体光谱中多见于中间插入吸收线系统,至今未明确认证内禀吸收线系统出现该特征,类星体SDSS J0916+2921是目前仅有的数个候选者之一.该类星体X射线辐射相较一般类星体更强,后续可用作研究2175?尘埃在强高能射线照射条件下的形成与离解平衡,以揭示2175?尘埃的化学成分、物理性质和起源.     

A further study of the method of identifying absorption line systems in QSO spectra

The method of identifying absorption line systems in QSO spectra (Cui et al. 1983; Chen et al. 1983) is further developed here. Certain limitations of the method and their improvements are discussed. Certain other problems requiring further study are pointed out. The improved method is applied to PKS 0528-250, and gives two new absorption line systems Z_a = 0.065 and 0.0345 in addition to the four systems Z_a = 2.8110, 2.8130, 2.5275, 2.1410, consistent with the systems A₁A₂, B, C of Norton et al. (1980). However, the systems D₁, D₂, E, F and G of Chen and Norton (1984) are not recovered. The reason for this discrepancy is discussed.     

Associated HI absorption in thez = 3.4 radio galaxy B2 0902 + 343 observed with the GMRT

We have made observations of the as sociated HI absorption of a high redshift radio galaxy 0902+34 atz = 3.395 with the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope in the 323 ± 1 MHz band. We find a narrow absorption line with a flux density of 11.5 mJy at a redshift of 3.397 consistent with that observed by Usonet al. (1991), Briggset al. (1993) and de Bruyn (1996). A weak broad absorption feature reported by de Bruyn (1996) has not been detected in our observations. We also place an upper limit of 4mJy(2σ) on emission line strength at the position where Usonet al. (1991) claimed to have found a narrow emission line.     

Analysis of Fe II Emission Lines of the Symbiotic Nova RR Tel

We have used the SAC (self absorption curve) method to analyse the fluxes of optical Fe II emission lines published by Crawford et al. (1999).Certain lines have considerable self absorption. Information about both the populations of the upper and the lower levels of the lines has been obtained. We give limits to the temperature and radius of the line emitting region. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

与发射线区成协的类星体CIV吸收系统研究(Ⅱ)统计研究(1)

本文是系列文章的第二篇,我们在文(1)建立的均匀无偏的CIV吸收线样本的基础上,对该样本进行了统计检验和分析,结果支持成协系统的出现频率比非成协系统有明显的过超.而这种过超现象几乎和类星体的射电性质无关.但不同射电性质的类星体成协吸收出现频率随z_(em)的变化不尽相同.这种随z_(em)的变化可能反映了各种类星体,特别是射电类星体与环境相互作用的演化效应.但我们的样本中高红移射电类星体较少,因此非常需要获得更大的高红移射电类星体样本,以检验我们的结果.     

The deuterium abundance in the z= 0.7 absorber towards QSO PG1718+4807

We report on a further analysis of the ratio of deuterium to hydrogen (D/H) using Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) spectra of the   z = 0.701  Lyman limit system towards the quasi-stellar object (QSO) PG1718+481. Initial analyses of this absorber found it gave a high D/H value, 1.8–  3.1 × 10⁻⁴  , inconsistent with several higher redshift measurements. It is thus important to critically examine this measurement. By analysing the velocity widths of the D  i , H  i and metal lines present in this system, Kirkman et al. report that the additional absorption in the blue wing of the Lyα line cannot be D  i , with a confidence level of 98 per cent. Here we present a more detailed analysis, taking into account possible wavelength shifts between the three sets of HST spectra used in the analysis. We find that the constraints on this system are not as strong as those claimed by Kirkman et al. The discrepancy between the parameters of the blue wing absorption and the parameters expected for D  i is marginally worse than 1σ.
Tytler et al. commented on the first analysis of Webb et al., reporting the presence of a contaminating lower redshift Lyman limit system, with  log[ N (H  i )] = 16.7  at   z = 0.602  , which biases the N (H  i ) estimate for the main system. Here we show that this absorber actually has  log[ N (H  i )] < 14.6  and does not impact on the estimate of N (H  i ) in the system of interest at   z = 0.701  .
The purpose of the present paper is to highlight important aspects of the analysis which were not explored in previous studies, and hence to help refine the methods used in future analyses of D/H in quasar spectra.     

坍缩为黑洞前的自引力球对称电磁辐射体系

本文在R.D.sorkin等人工作的基础上对自引力球对称电磁辐射体系坍缩为黑洞前的能量密度及最大熵值作了讨论,得到了一些有意义的结果.     

Improved near-infrared methane band models and k-distribution parameters from 2000 to 9500 cm and implications for interpretation of outer planet spectra

The band model fits of Sihra [1998. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Oxford], subsequently reported by Irwin et al. [2005. Icarus 176, 255-271], to new measurements of low-temperature near-infrared self-broadened methane absorption spectra combined with earlier warmer, longer path measurements of both self- and hydrogen-broadened methane spectra measured by Strong et al. [1993. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 50, 363-429], have been found to contain severe artefacts at wavelengths of very low methane absorption. Although spectra calculated from these new band data appear to be reliable for paths with low to medium absorption, transmissions calculated for long paths of high methane absorption, such as for Uranus, Neptune and Titan are severely compromised. The recorded laboratory transmission spectra of Sihra [1998. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Oxford] and Strong et al. [1993. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 50, 363-429] have thus been refitted with a more robust model and new k-distribution data for both self- and hydrogen-broadened methane absorption derived. In addition, a new model of the temperature dependence of the absorption has been employed that improves the quality of the fit and should also provide more accurate extrapolations to low temperatures.     

Evaluation of seasonal forecast skill over China

Since Sept. 26, 1997, the Scripps Experimental Climate Prediction Center (ECPC) has been making experimental, near real-time seasonal global forecasts. Images of these forecasts, at daily to seasonal time scales, are provided on the World Wide Web, and experimental digital forecast products are made available to international collaborators. Over Asia, these experimental forecasts are now being used to drive regional prediction and various application models at National Taiwan University (NTU) and the Hong Kong Observatory. Roads et al. [Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 82 (2001) 639] and Terra Chen et al. [Atmos. Oceanogr. Sci. 12 (2003a) 377] previously discussed the basic forecast and analysis system. The purpose of this paper is to discuss specific synoptic characteristics of recent seasonal forecasts as a guide to further application and development.     

New aspects of spectral behavior of SS Cyg and WX Hyi between quiescence and outburst states in the UV

We present low-resolution UV spectra of the dwarf novae SS Cyg and WX Hyi in both quiescence and outburst states from observations taken by the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) during the period between 1978–1994 and 1979–1993 for two systems respectively. Both SS Cyg and WX Hyi are characterized by emission lines in quiescence physical states and absorption lines in states of outburst. We concentrated on calculating the line fluxes and line widths of the C IV 1550 Å emission line arising from the disk around the white dwarf of SS Cyg and WX Hyi. We found that there is spectral variability for these physical parameters at different times, similar to that known for their light curves (Voloshina and Khruzina, 2006, Kuulkers et al., 1991). We attribute it to the variations of both density and temperature as a result of changing the mass transfer rate (Long et al., 2005, Patterson, 1984, Meyer and Meyer-Hofmeister, 1994, Cannizzo, 2001, Schwope et al., 2002). Also we found that both line fluxes and line widths of SS Cyg are greater than the line fluxes and line widths of WX Hyi.