江西的长兴组

本文按(竹蜒)类化石分布特征将长兴组分为三部分:上部个体较大的Palaeofusulina甚为富集;中部化石较少,且以个体微小的Palaeofusulina minina为主;底部出现大量Gallowayinella.但其分布下限可达龙潭组中部海相层.文章对长兴组的沉积环境,上下接触关系及邻区对比作了讨论.     

淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素地球化学特征

为探究淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素来源及地球化学特征,采集淮南煤田深部山西组煤煤样、夹矸、顶板和底板共20个样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测试样品中稀土元素含量及伴生元素含量,探讨了研究区深部山西组煤中稀土元素地球化学特征。研究结果表明:淮南深部山西组煤中稀土元素含量平均值为40.85 mg/kg,低于中国煤中稀土元素含量平均值;煤中稀土元素配分模式主要是H型配分模式;Eu元素明显负异常,表明煤中稀土元素沉积环境为还原环境;Ce元素呈微弱正异常,表明成煤沼泽环境中海水的影响并未造成Ce的严重亏损;相关性分析结果显示,山西组煤中稀土元素与灰分呈正相关(R2=0.55),与陆源碎屑元素Al、Cr和Th等呈显著正相关,且与海相特征元素(B、Sr和Ca)相关性不明显。     

陕西省咸阳市彬长矿区胡家河4号煤有机地球化学特征

富惰质组煤成因机制是目前的研究热点,其有机地球化学特征对探究富惰质组煤的古沉积环境和演化过程具有重要意义。本文以陕西省咸阳市胡家河4号煤为研究对象,运用有机化学抽提、族组分分离、气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)等方法,分析了富惰质组煤的有机地球化学特征。结果表明,胡家河4号煤的有机质丰度高,饱芳比较低;正构烷烃呈单峰型分布,中-高碳数占优势,具有轻微的奇碳优势;姥植比(4.67)较高,姥鲛烷丰度高;萜烷中藿烷具有明显优势,Ts/(Ts+Tm)值为0～0.133;规则甾烷中C_(29)C_(28)C_(27),呈反"L"型;芳烃中以萘、菲系、氧芴系列为主;1,2,5-三甲基萘含量较高,惹烯具有明显优势,二苯并呋喃含量高于芴;多环芳烃中苝的优势明显。以上特征表明,胡家河4号煤的有机质处于低热成熟阶段,其母质来源以陆生高等植物为主并有少量低等水生生物混入,形成于弱还原偏氧化的干燥陆相淡水泥炭沼泽环境。     

淮南煤田深部A组煤中有害微量元素地球化学特征

以淮南煤田深部A 组煤为研究对象,全层刻槽采集了煤、夹矸和顶底板岩石样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪 （ICP-MS） 测试分析了样品中13 种有害微量元素的含量,对比研究了其分布特征,结合Tessier 五步形态提取法和相关性分 析探讨了煤中有害微量元素的赋存形态。结果表明：（1） 与中国上陆壳中各种微量元素含量均值相比,淮南深部A 组煤中 B,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Pb,Hg 的富集系数均大于1,在A 组煤中表现为富集;A 组煤中B,As,Se,Cd 的含量均高于淮南煤 田上部B 组煤、华北煤以及中国煤中的含量均值;（2） 相关性分析和逐级提取实验结果表明,A 组煤中微量元素主要以残 渣态和铁锰氧化物结合态存在,两者质量分数之和达到55%~98%,其中Ni,Mo,Cd,Hg,Cu,Pb 和Zn 主要赋存于硫化物 矿物中,Mn 主要赋存于碳酸盐矿物中,V,Cr,Se,B 和As 主要赋存于硅铝酸盐等黏土矿物中。（3） B 元素示踪物源及沉 积环境结果显示,淮南煤田深部A 组煤成煤环境为海相咸水沉积环境,稳定的咸水沉积环境以及受海水影响等因素导致A 组煤中微量元素出现不同程度的富集。     

测井资料在新余梅山矿区(南区)煤组划分及对比中的应用

新余梅山矿区(南区)含煤岩系为三叠系上统安源组大禾山段,含多个含煤段,其中主要可采煤层为D8、D9两个煤组,煤组结构十分复杂,煤组判层与对比具有一定难度,本文通过对井田煤岩层的物性以及测井曲线在垂向上的变化规律的分析研究,在煤组划分与对比方面取得了较好的效果。     

不同煤相煤和镜质组产烃性质的研究

采用有机岩石学一热解分析(ROCK-EVAL)热模拟分析方法对三种典型煤相和镜质组的产烃性质进行了研究．并讨论了产烃性质和有机岩石学参数之间的关系．根据相同煤阶下煤和镜质组的产烃潜量S1 S2值气态烃和液态烃的产率以及湿气含量，得出煤相Ⅰ>煤相Ⅱ>煤相Ⅲ的特点：气态烃和液态烃组成上也有较明显差异．镜质组和煤的产烃潜量．S1 S2值与镜质组的相对荧光强度(I650nm rel%)和光变幅度(Ig／Io)存在明显正相关关系．根据有机岩石学特征和产烃性质．镜质组可分为富氢镜质组和贫氢镜质组两类．在评价煤产烃性质时，必须考虑煤中不同煤相镜质组的还原类型。     

袁复礼教授对中国地层古生物研究的贡献

袁复礼教授20—30年代对甘肃、新疆等省区的地层古生物研究做了开拓性工作,多有发现。本文阐述了他创立的几个地层单位——平凉笔石层、臭牛沟组、石钱滩泥灰岩(组)、大龙口层(组)、东红山层(组)、烧房沟层(组)、水西沟组(群)的意义,包括他对兽形爬行类化石的重大发现。同时,还介绍了他对甘肃东、西北部石炭纪地层以及准噶尔东部地层的主要研究成果。     

福建二叠系童子岩组煤炭洁净等级及其分布特征

以煤的宏量组分作为评价指标,根据福建省已勘查的118个井田(或矿区)煤的灰分和硫分分析数据,运用计算机软件对童子岩组煤的洁净等级及分布范围进行划分,结果表明童子岩组煤洁净等级主要为Ⅱ～Ⅴ级,以Ⅲ级为主,占80%以上,在各煤田均有分布;少量Ⅳ级,微量Ⅱ级和Ⅴ级。     

腐殖煤中镜质组—类脂组的过渡显微组分

应用煤岩学对强还原型腐殖煤系列样品(R_0=0.55％～1.01％)研究表明,它们含有较多的镜质组—类脂组过渡显微组分,这种组分的特征是:比基质镜质体反射率低,但荧光强度和生烃潜能较高。据显微特征可将其分为两种亚型——交织型和膨融型。它是荧光基质镜质体的另一种表现形式和强还原型腐殖煤生油的主要母质之一。     

宣东矿区下花园组岩矿、煤岩及孢粉组合特征

河北宣东矿区含煤地层为中侏罗统下花园组,含有5个煤组,煤层多,标志层不发育,煤层对比较为困难。钻孔岩、煤心样品的岩矿、煤岩鉴定和孢粉分析等成果资料揭示:①长石砂岩主要赋存于Ⅲ煤组岩段及其以上地层,Ⅴ煤组岩段分布极少;安山岩屑砂岩集中分布在Ⅴ煤组顶底板附近,Ⅲ煤组岩段及其以上岩段未见;泥化安山岩屑砂岩仅分布在Ⅴ煤组岩段的下部;石英砂岩分布在Ⅴ煤组岩段底部与煤系基底地层接触处;鲕状粘土岩仅分布于Ⅴ煤组岩段下部,并常为煤组底板。②Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ煤组显微煤岩类型以微镜煤、微亮煤为主;Ⅳ、Ⅴ煤组多为角质微亮煤、微亮暗煤及丝炭微暗煤。③Ⅰ、Ⅱ煤组的裸子植物花粉含量丰富,占孢粉总数的40%～60%;Ⅲ煤组低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ煤组;Ⅴ煤组除克拉梭粉及苏铁粉含量占15%左右外,其它松科花粉少见。该结论可作为矿区岩、煤组(层)划分和对比的依据,对指导煤矿开采生产和邻区的勘查工作具有实际意义。     

长江源各拉丹冬地区晚二叠世乌丽群类生物组合

长江源各拉丹冬地区二叠系乌丽群中的晚二叠世类化石 ,可分为两个组合 ,产于乌丽群下部那益雄组的Palaeofusulina parafusiformis- N anlingella simplex组合 ,产于乌丽群上部拉卜查日组的 Gallowayinella meitienen-sis- Palaeofusulina sinensis组合 ,这两个类化石组合属种分异度低 ,丰度高。该生物群属于特提斯动物群 ,在羌塘盆地及华南地区具有广泛的区域对比性。各拉丹冬及其邻近地区的二叠纪类生物群均为暖温型 ,属华夏特提斯区的分子     

新疆西部乌依塔克组的时代

通过对新发现于新疆塔里木盆地西部上白垩统乌依塔克组有孔虫化石的时代分析，认为该组的时限为晚上伦期—赛诺期，综合分析各类化石的时代特征，本区土伦阶和赛诺阶的界线应划在Ｍｉｇｒｏｓ－Ａｍｍｏｂａｃｕｌｉｔｅｓ组合和Ｐａｒａｒｏｔａｌｉａ－Ｎｏｎｉｏｎｅｌｌａ组合之间。     

Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary Strata of the Somanakamura Group in NE Japan and their Correlation with Coeval Terrestrial Deposits in China

Defining the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary is a controversy in stratigraphic study of the world. It has been widely accepted that this boundary can be defined at the bottom of Berriasian in Tethys, with the appearance of the ammonite Berriasella jacobi dating to ca. 145 Ma. However, it is difficult for the widespread terrestrial deposits in China to correlate with the international standard of marine facies. The Somanakamura Group in Japan is represented by a succession of marine-continental transitional strata. It provides a bridge of marine and nonmarine stratigraphic correlation. The ammonite and radiolarian fossils preserved in this group suggest an age from Bajocian to early Valanginian. The J-K boundary was defined in or atop the Tomizawa Formation of the group according to the ammonite data. The present authors study the fossil spores and pollen newly found from the Tomizawa and Koyamada formations. Three assemblages have been recognized. They are Assemblage 1 (Cyathidites-Classopollis) from the upper part of the Tomizawa Formation, Assemblage 2 (Cyathidites-Jiaohepollis) from the lower part of the Koyamada Formation, and Assemblage 3 (Cyathidites-Spheripollenites-Ephedripites) from the middle to upper part of the Koyamada Formation. With the reference of ammonite evidence, the J-K boundary can be defined between Assemblage 1 and Assemblage 2. This palynological J-K boundary can be correlated with that of terrestrial sequence in China. However, local biostratigraphy imply that the continental J-K boundary in China is of 135 or 137 Ma age. It has a considerable discrepancy from the marine standard. Biogeographically, the distribution pattern of spores and pollen in southern China is in accordance with that in the Somanakamura Group, which parallels the Tuchengzi Formation in northeastern China. By the palynological correlation between the Somanakamura Group and the strata in southern China, and then with the sequence in northeastern China, it is suggested that the continental J-K boundary is located in the Tuchengzi Formation.     

贵州西南部“法郎组”牙形石及其时代

根据近年牙形石研究,在“法郎组”中从下而上识别了３个牙形石带：１、Ｎｅｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌｌａｐｏｌｙｇｎａｔｈｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ－Ｎｅｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌｌａｍａａｎｔａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ组合带;２、Ｎｅｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌｌａｐｏｌｙｇｎａｔｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ－Ｎ－ｅｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌｌａｔａｄｐｏｌｅ组合带;３、Ｎｅｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌｌａｐｏｌｙｇｎａｔｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ带。根据牙形石Ｎ．ｅｘｃｅｌｓａ谱系演化、牙形石发展事件、牙形石分带及其与国内外的牙形石带对比,论证了“法郎组”的时代,“法郎组”可解体为瓦窑组和竹杆坡组,全属晚三叠世卡尼期,而不是拉丁期。     

新疆西北部早古生代地层

根据新疆西北部伊宁果子沟、艾比湖及和布克赛尔等地的早古生代地层剖面,对这一地区寒武系、奥陶系和志留系的岩石地层单元和生物带作了修订,特别是重新修订了奥陶系的新二台组和风沟组,并建议取消塔勒基河组。对下古生界各系的生物带作了较大的修订,并基于此对各纪地层作了划分和对比。根据地层的发育特征和各门类生物地理分布,认为新疆西北部在早古生代属于哈萨克斯坦古板块的东延部分。     

论淮南生物群

淮南生物群 (Huainan Biota)产于安徽淮南地区新元古代淮南群中 ,由宏观藻类 Chuaria- Tawuia组合和蠕形动物 Pararenicola- Paleolina组合组成 ,可与加拿大西北麦肯齐山新元古代小达尔群 (L ittle Dal Group)小达尔生物群 (L ittle Dal Biota)对比 ,为新元古代大冰期前的一个特有生物群落 ,地质时代为前震旦纪 (本文的震旦纪即目前的南华纪至震旦纪 ) ,时限约为 85 0— 75 0 Ma,从而将前人所定淮南生物群为青白口纪至震旦纪的时代结论修订为前震旦纪。这对我国乃至国际上新元古代地层层序的重新划分与对比 ,以及新元古代早期生命演化研究等都具有重大的理论意义和实际价值。文中还着重论述了淮南生物群的组合特征和特定的生物发展阶段 ,而区别于青白口纪和震旦纪的生物群落 ,并通过洲际对比 ,讨论了淮南生物群的地层学意义     

Early Cretaceous Palynological Assemblages of the Shuangliao Fault Depression, Songliao Basin and their Geological Implications

The pollen and spores found in the Early Cretaceous strata of two cores from the Shuangliao Fault Depression were studied systematically, and two palynological assemblages have been recognized. Assemblage Ⅰ from the Yingcheng Formation is named Paleoconiferus-Pinuspollenites; the assemblage is characterized by an extremely high content of Paleoconifer pollen. Assemblage Ⅱ from Member 1 of the Denglouku Formation is named Cicatricosisporites-Cyathidites-Pinuspollenites; the assemblage is characterized by the abundant presence of Laevigati spores, but less Paleoconifer pollen. According to the palynological data and zircon U-Pb dating, the geological age of the Yingcheng Formation is thought to be Aptian-Albian, and that of the Denglouku Formation is thought to be Early Albian. On the basis of the composition of each assemblage, we can infer that during the depositional period of the Yingcheng Formation, the paleovegetation was mainly conifer forest, the paleoclimate was consistent with the temperate climate of today, and the paleoenvironment was humid feature. During the depositional period of Member 1 of the Denglouku Formation, the paleovegetation was mainly conifer forest and shrubs, the paleoclimate was consistent with the subtropical climate of today, and the paleoenvironment was humid. The results significantly improve our understanding of the stratigraphy in the Shuangliao Fault Depression, provide biostratigraphic evidence for the division and correlation of Early Cretaceous strata in the Shuangliao Fault Depression, and provide new data for analyzing paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Songliao Basin.     

东海沉积地层矿物研究

本文据东海五口探井的559个碎屑矿物样资料,用主要重矿物的含量及其组合特征编绘了含量变化图,试图进行分层比较。位于西湖凹陷的平湖一井和玉泉1井重矿组合特征可比性较好;龙井2井三潭组以下与上两井缺少可比特点;灵峰1井除东海群外,其余地层与上列3井相比,差异是大的。     

New Evidence for a Cretaceous Age for a Mesozoic Nonmarine Bivalve Assemblage from Paekto-dong, Sinuiju City, The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

The Sinuiju Formation in Paekto-dong, Sinuiju City in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea has yielded Mesozoic nonmarine bivalve fossils, which is the first occurrence of such in the DPRK. Based on these fossil specimens, a new Cretaceous bivalve assemblage, the Arguniella yanshanensis-Sphaerium anderssoni Assemblage is erected. This assemblage includes Arguniella yanshanensis, A. lingyuanensis and Sphaerium anderssoni and can be compared with the Jehol Biota. The age of the Sinuiju Formation is also clarified and on the basis of the bivalves and the presence of a Eosestheria–Ephemeropsis–Lycoptera(E–E–L) assemblage, the formation is not Upper Jurassic, but Lower Cretaceous in age.     

中上扬子地区下古生界页岩气资源前景分析

我国中上扬子地区下古生界黑色页岩是震旦系、二叠系大中型气田的重要烃源岩,同时其自身也具有形成页岩气藏的巨大潜力。初步研究表明,中上扬子地区下古生界有利页岩气层主要发育在下震旦统陡山沱组、下寒武统筇竹寺组、上奥陶统五峰组和下志留统龙马溪组,这些层位的黑色页岩厚度、有机碳含量、以及Ro值等各项参数均符合形成页岩气藏的特征,是今后页岩气勘探的潜力地层。