江汉盆地早寒武世生态地层及生物古地理特征

本文通过对江汉盆地６个地区早寒武世地层剖面古生态研究，建立了２３个化石群落，通过群落生境型的分析，揭示了江汉盆地早寒武世海平面及地理特征的演变，并将研究区早寒武世生态体系的演化划分８个阶段。通过对江汉盆地早寒武世生态地层的研究，本文建立了该盆地生态地层系统，其中包括２３个群落带和１１个群落组的分布，组成，生态环境特征和顶底界线以及各群落组与油气的关系。古生物地理特征分析表明，研究区西南缘石门杨家坪     

塔里木盆地北部三叠纪孢粉植物群及层序地层的划分

依据对塔里木盆地北部库车河剖面及沙１１井和沙３２井三叠纪地层和孢粉学的研究，将本区三叠纪孢粉划分为８个孢粉组合。其中，早三叠世２个组合，中三叠世３个组合，晚三叠世３个组合。三叠纪地层除产有丰富的孢子花粉外，在不同层位还有不同丰度和分异度的疑源类、轮藻、介形虫及植物化石等。依据不同层位中各类生物的不同丰度，建立了１１个生物埋藏群落，它们反映了不同的生态和埋藏环境。按照这些生物埋藏群落在剖面纵向上的演变，将塔里木盆地北部三叠纪地层划分为９个三级地层层序，恢复了三叠纪塔里木盆地北部古湖盆湖平面的升降历史     

藏南洛扎地区中生代生物组合与沉积环境分析

较详细分析了．洛扎地区晚三叠世一早白垩世地层中的生物习性特点,对生物的形态功能、行为习性、化石埋藏、生物与环境的关系以及生物之间的相互关系等进行了初步探讨,划分了与环境相适应的十四大古生物群落,晚三叠世高水位体系域Monotissalinaria-M．haueri生物群落,陆棚风暴碎屑岩型Entoliumnieniexionglaense—Cruziana群落,陆棚泥质-火山岩型Coroniceras群落,早侏罗世海侵体系域Melanoides—Discohelix群落,早中侏罗世高水位型Hastites—Chondrites群落,深海凝缩层型Discinisca-Euestheria群落,晚侏罗世浅海陆棚泥岩型Buchiablanfordiana-Vingatosphinctes-Belemnopsis群落,凝缩段泥岩环境中的Belemnopsisaucklandica群落,穹隆或洼地及斜坡带上低位域Hibolithes jiabulensis—Belemnoposs sinensis群落,广海陆棚型Belemnopsis—BfandiacePas—Haplophylloceras群落,广海瞄掘型Himalayites-Spiticeras群落,广海陆棚型Berriasellidae-lnoceramus群落,广海陆棚型Cruralina-Peregrinella群落,闭塞泻湖型Ancylocaratidae—Bochitidae群落。建立了区内晚三叠-早白垩世沉积-生态地层格架。     

塔里木盆地阿瓦提—巴楚地区石炭纪—早三叠世化石大孢子组合

通过对塔里木盆地阿瓦提－巴楚地区10口探井的石炭系－下三叠统的大孢子进行研究，建立了石炭纪－早三叠世大孢子组合5个（包括早石炭世，晚石炭世、早二叠世、晚二叠世及早三叠世大孢子组合各1个），并对国内外相关层位的大孢子组合进行了对比，讨论了其所在层位的地质时代。笔者为首次报道该地区早石碳世和二叠纪大孢子组合，对本区及邻区今后开展地层古生物研究及油气勘探研究意义重大。     

甘肃合作早三叠世钙质超微化石的发现

在甘肃合作地区早三叠世地层中发现了钙质超微化石，共属３种，共文描述了２个新属３个新种。它们位于斜坡脚－盆地的深海沉积环境中，与早三叠世早期双壳类Ｃｌａｒａｉａ共生，其下部有具早三叠世面貌的孢粉组合。经能谱成成分分析，这些化石为钙质。这些钙质微化石的发现使钙质超微化石的时代分布的可靠记录延至早三叠世。为今后中生代地层的划分对比及钙质超微化石的演化研究提供了较好的资料。文中依据所发现的钙质超微化石对沉     

江汉盆地新构造运动对第四纪沉积环境演化的制约

以江汉盆地周缘区露头剖面及沉积中心区第四纪钻孔岩芯资料为研究载体,通过第四纪地层横向对比分析,恢复了江汉盆地第四纪各时期的沉积环境,讨论了江汉盆地新构造运动的特点及对江汉平原第四纪沉积环境演化的控制作用。研究表明,早中更新世江汉盆地大部处于掀升状态,盆地周缘地带遭受剥蚀;晚更新世地壳显现不等量运动,盆地自北西向中南部表现为徐缓掀升与下沉并存;全新世,盆地周缘及波状地形区掀升和低平原区强烈沉降进一步突显,全新世中晚期湖泊范围达到最大。      

塔里木盆地阿瓦提——巴楚地区 石炭纪-早三叠世化石大孢子组合

通过对塔里木盆地阿瓦提-巴楚地区10口探井的石炭系-下三叠统的大孢子进行研究,建立了石炭纪-早三叠世大孢子组合5个(包括早石炭世、晚石炭世、早二叠世、晚二叠世及早三叠世大孢子组合各1个),并对国内外相关层位的大孢子组合进行了对比,讨论了其所在层位的地质时代.笔者为首次报道该地区早石碳世和二叠纪大孢子组合,对本区及邻区今后开展地层古生物研究及油气勘探研究意义重大.     

四川龙门山中段早埃姆斯期生态地层及古环境新认识

本文讨论了龙门山中段白石 苟家大型飞来峰内早埃姆斯期的甘溪组分布及岩性特征。首次将甘溪组划分为两个生态地层单元 ,即Anetoceras Plectodonta群落及Dicoelostrophia Eosophragmophora群落 ;指定了群落的层型剖面 ,分析了各群落的生物组成、丰富度、生态特征及生态环境。认为区内早埃姆斯期属深水陆棚至深水盆地沉积环境 ,为龙门山区泥盆纪沉积盆地的性质和演化提供了新资料。     

羌塘盆地中生代构造属性

通过对羌塘盆地南北两侧构造带地质特征、构造演化历程及盆地内部中生代地层充填特征的分析,探讨了羌塘盆地中生代构造属性及地球动力学机制。研究表明:羌塘盆地经历了早、中三叠世前陆盆地,晚三叠世早、中期被动陆缘盆地,晚三叠世晚期—侏罗纪羌北前陆盆地和羌南陆被动陆缘裂陷—坳陷盆地及早白垩世前陆盆地等地质演化历程;盆地南北边界构造带复杂而有序的地球动力学环境和构造演化,决定了羌塘盆地中生代为一复杂的多旋回叠合盆地。     

西藏措勤盆地的上古生界—下中生界：潜在的油气沉积建造

新的地层和古生物学研究结果表明,措勤盆地在晚古生代一早中生代不存在长达75Ma以上的沉积间断．其中,晚二叠世-晚三叠世诺利期都是海相碳酸盐岩地层,晚三叠世瑞替期-早中侏罗世为陆缘碎屑岩地层．两者之间为角度不整合接触．措勤盆地在晚二叠世-晚三叠世诺利期一直处于海相碳酸盐岩盆地中．晚三叠世瑞替期-早中侏罗世仍然是接受巨厚沉积的低洼地区。从宏观的油气勘探的战略评价角度看．措勤盆地在中二叠世栖霞期-晚三叠世诺利期的海相碳酸盐岩地层具有生油层的性质,上三叠统瑞替阶-中下侏罗统具有盖层的性质,两者之间的角度不整合具有储集层的性质。措勤盆地中二叠统-下侏罗统构成一个油气的有利勘探层系．称为古格层系。     

Evolution of the Late Triassic Paleo-uplift in the Southwestern Upper Yangtze Region and its Tectonic SignificanceEI北大核心CSCD

Based on field geological survey and stratigraphic analysis, a Late Triassic Paleo-uplift is identified in the southwestern upper Yangtze region. The tectonic features, evolution history and tectonic significance of this paleo-uplift are discussed in detail in this paper. The results suggest that the hiatus of the Upper Triassic in the southwestern upper Yangtze region was resulted from the paleo-uplift that roughly parallel to the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The formation of the paleo-uplift is related to the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu and Ganzi-Litang Oceans and their subsequent collisional orogenesis along the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The forebulges of the Youjiang and Chuxiong Foreland Basins were formed by the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu Ocean, comprising the paleo-uplift at the end of the Early Triassic. Then the forebulge of the Xichang Foreland Basin was developed by the closure of the Ganzi-Litang Ocean in the Norian, and became a new part of the paleo-uplift. Owing to the termination of the Youjiang Foreland Basin at the end of the Rhaetian, the paleo-uplift was composed only of the forebulges of the Chuxiong and Xichang Foreland Basins. The discovery of the paleo-uplift will help us to better understand the prototype of the Sichuan Basin and the tectonic evolution of the southwestern upper Yangtze region during the Late Triassic. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.     

Evolution of the Late Triassic Paleo-uplift in the Southwestern Upper Yangtze Region and its Tectonic SignificanceEI北大核心CSCD

Based on field geological survey and stratigraphic analysis, a Late Triassic Paleo-uplift is identified in the southwestern upper Yangtze region. The tectonic features, evolution history and tectonic significance of this paleo-uplift are discussed in detail in this paper. The results suggest that the hiatus of the Upper Triassic in the southwestern upper Yangtze region was resulted from the paleo-uplift that roughly parallel to the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The formation of the paleo-uplift is related to the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu and Ganzi-Litang Oceans and their subsequent collisional orogenesis along the southwest margin of the upper Yangtze region. The forebulges of the Youjiang and Chuxiong Foreland Basins were formed by the closure of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Songma-Babu Ocean, comprising the paleo-uplift at the end of the Early Triassic. Then the forebulge of the Xichang Foreland Basin was developed by the closure of the Ganzi-Litang Ocean in the Norian, and became a new part of the paleo-uplift. Owing to the termination of the Youjiang Foreland Basin at the end of the Rhaetian, the paleo-uplift was composed only of the forebulges of the Chuxiong and Xichang Foreland Basins. The discovery of the paleo-uplift will help us to better understand the prototype of the Sichuan Basin and the tectonic evolution of the southwestern upper Yangtze region during the Late Triassic. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.     

黄陵背斜的构造几何形态及其成因探讨

黄陵背斜位于扬子克拉通的东缘,其核部出露的崆岭群被认为是扬予克拉通的基底岩石,并成为华南地质学研究的热点地区。从区域上看,黄陵背斜紧邻江汉盆地,东西两侧分别是荆当盆地与秭归盆地,黄陵背斜和周缘盆地构成明显的隆起—坳陷相互对应的构造。详细的野外观察和构造几何学的剖析表明,黄陵背斜的两翼西陡东缓,构成不对称背形的穹隆构造。在穹隆形成过程中,相应的岩石变形以顺层滑脱及相关的褶皱和小规模的逆冲断层为主,在早三叠世薄层灰岩、志留纪龙马溪组页岩、奥陶纪灰岩、寒武纪炭质灰岩以及震旦纪陡山沱组薄层灰岩广泛发育,并具有垂向缩短的重力滑脱特点,构造叠加关系指示了其形成于晚侏罗—早白垩纪之间。在构造变形分析的基础上,并深入探讨了黄陵背斜成因的3种可能的动力学背景。     

构造作用对四川盆地东部垫江盐盆三叠系嘉陵江组海相钾盐成矿—保存条件的影响

通过分析四川盆地东部垫江盐盆三叠纪嘉陵江成盐期构造演化及后期构造作用,结合大地电磁测深和地震资料解译等综合分析初步认为垫江盐盆三叠纪嘉陵江期,在整体海退的条件下,由于泸州—开江古隆起的逐步形成,在长寿合兴地区和垫江董家场地区形成有利于古卤水浓缩的次级凹陷。早白垩世末期川东褶皱带的形成虽然对三叠系含盐地层进行了改造,但次级凹陷位于向斜核部和褶皱倾末端,未受到风化剥蚀。同时,大地电磁测深和地震资料显示深部没有断裂构造穿过次级凹陷区域,初步证明具有较好的保存条件。     

塔里木盆地三叠纪前缘隆起迁移演化规律

利用大量钻测井及地震资料,通过对邻近前缘隆起的隆后坳陷地层特征的分析以及与库车河露头的对比,探讨了塔里木盆地三叠纪前缘隆起的迁移演化规律。结果表明,三叠纪前缘隆起发生了3次往复迁移,隆后坳陷地区发育多期不整合面,且最大不整合面均发育于地层的底部。早三叠世,隆后坳陷地层南厚北薄,早期前缘隆起向天山方向迁移,隆后坳陷地层超覆其上,前陆坳陷变窄;晚期则向克拉通方向迁移隆升,邻近的隆后坳陷地层遭受强烈剥蚀。由于前缘隆起的遮挡作用,该时期前陆坳陷与隆后地区尚未贯通,山前发育冲积扇。中、晚三叠世前缘隆起又发生两次迁移,其迁移特征与早三叠世类似,但中三叠世前陆坳陷与隆后坳陷仍未相连,而晚三叠世两者相互连通。     

上扬子西南部晚三叠世古隆起演化及其构造意义

在大量野外地质调查和资料分析的基础上,通过不同剖面的沉积特征和地层对比分析,识别出上扬子西南部存在晚三叠世古隆起;并结合区域构造背景,探讨了古隆起的构造属性、演化和大地构造意义。研究结果表明,上扬子西南部普遍缺失上三叠统,这一地层的缺失不是后期剥蚀造成的,而是由于上扬子西南部在晚三叠世存在一个与上扬子西南缘近平行的古隆起。该古隆起的发育与金沙江-哀牢山-马江-八布洋、甘孜-理塘洋的关闭及之后的碰撞造山作用密切相关。在早三叠世末,金沙江-哀牢山-马江-八布洋关闭,上扬子西南部南缘的右江和楚雄盆地成为前陆盆地,形成的前缘隆起共同组成了该古隆起;至晚三叠世诺利期,甘孜-理塘洋关闭,上扬子西南部西缘发育西昌前陆盆地,其前缘隆起与右江、楚雄前陆盆地的前缘隆起一起组成古隆起;至瑞替期末,由于右江前陆盆地停止发育,古隆起仅由楚雄和西昌前陆盆地的前缘隆起组成。这一古隆起的发现对研究四川盆地晚三叠世盆地原型和上扬子西南部构造演化具有重要意义。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东南南召地区中生代以来的构造演化研究——来自低温热年代学的证据

有关鄂尔多斯三叠纪原型盆地的东南向展布情况不是非常明确,之前有研究表明其东南缘可能位于南召地区,对该区构造演化过程开展研究,可为鄂尔多斯三叠纪原型盆地研究提供重要信息。因此,为了研究南召地区中生代以来的构造演化史及其与鄂尔多斯盆地之间的关系,本文对研究区3条野外剖面上3件三叠系样品开展锆石、磷灰石裂变径迹研究。其锆石裂变径迹年龄为270±15~181±8Ma,与地层年龄相近或大于地层年龄,不能很好地反映地层经历的构造改造时限,可能更多地代表了物源区的信息。磷灰石裂变径迹年龄为57±3~47±5Ma,结合裂变径迹年龄和热史模拟,本文认为南召地区自三叠纪以来经历了4期较大规模的构造改造,早期是三叠纪末遭受了秦岭造山带强烈逆冲推覆对本区的影响;中期是中晚侏罗世到晚白垩世初;晚期是晚白垩世;末期是喜马拉雅期,4期构造改造均与秦岭造山带的构造演化息息相关。此外,通过与鄂尔多斯盆地周缘地区展开对比,发现二者构造演化过程具有相似的时限性,从构造演化的角度支持南召地区属于鄂尔多斯原型盆地的观点。     

Latest Triassic to Early Jurassic Thrusting and Exhumation in the Southern Ordos Basin,North China: Evidence from LA‐ICP‐MS‐based Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology

The contractional structures in the southern Ordos Basin recorded critical evidence for the interaction between Ordos Basin and Qinling Orogenic Collage. In this study, we performed apatite fission track(AFT) thermochronology to unravel the timing of thrusting and exhumation for the Laolongshan-Shengrenqiao Fault(LSF) in the southern Ordos Basin. The AFT ages from opposite sides of the LSF reveal a significant latest Triassic to Early Jurassic time-temperature discontinuity across this structure. Thermal modeling reveals at the latest Triassic to Early Jurassic, a ~50°C difference in temperature between opposite sides of the LSF currently exposed at the surface. This discontinuity is best interpreted by an episode of thrusting and exhumation of the LSF with ~1.7 km of net vertical displacement during the latest Triassic to Early Jurassic. These results, when combined with earlier thermochronological studies, stratigraphic contact relationship and tectono-sedimentary evolution, suggest that the southern Ordos Basin experienced coeval intense tectonic contraction and developed a north-vergent fold-and-thrust belt. Moreover, the southern Ordos Basin experienced a multi-stage differential exhumation during Mesozoic, including the latest Triassic to Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous thrust-driven exhumation as well as the Late Cretaceous overall exhumation. Specifically, the two thrust-driven exhumation events were related to tectonic stress propagation derived from the latest Triassic to Early Jurassic continued compression from Qinling Orogenic Collage and the Late Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous intracontinental orogeny of Qinling Orogenic Collage, respectively. By contrast, the Late Cretaceous overall exhumation event was related to the collision of an exotic terrain with the eastern margin of continental China at ~100 Ma.