广东封开园珠顶铜钼矿矿坑地下水涌水量预测

园珠顶铜钼矿是一个新发现的矿床,设计采用露天开采方式。通过水文地质勘探,基本查明了矿区水文地质条件。矿区内地下水含水层主要为基岩裂隙含水层,按埋藏条件可分为风化裂隙潜水含水层和裂隙承压含水层两类。根据钻孔抽放水试验数据,计算含水层渗透系数,建立数学模型,采用大井法预测矿坑地下水涌水量。     

石菉铜矿地面塌陷的基本特征及其防治

广东石菉铜矿为覆盖型岩溶露天矿区,水文地质条件复杂。地下岩溶发育。预测矿坑最大涌水量可达15.2×14米~3/日。采用地表深井疏干中石炭统的黄龙群灰岩承压含水层。目前,矿床排水量已达9.50×10~4/米~3/日,地下水位中心降深达42米。由矿床疏干排水而引起的地面塌陷问题已日趋严重,在矿区疏干漏斗内形     

广东省某市水泥用石灰岩矿山涌水量预测研究

广东某水泥用石灰岩矿山为水文地质条件复杂的岩溶充水型矿床。在矿山开采条件下,易形成高陡坡天然边坡,会导致强烈地下水运动并形成区域地下水位降落漏斗,预测矿坑涌水量对防治地质灾害极为重要。本文对该矿山水文地质条件、充水因素及矿坑涌水量进行预测分析,认为矿坑涌水量预测主要是预测未来矿坑枯季涌水量、平均涌水量和最大涌水量,而本矿床未来矿床为凹陷露天开采矿床,影响矿坑涌水的主要因素为矿坑涌水及大气降水,次要为地表水,绝大部分地表水对矿床影响不大,预测时可以不予考虑,预测矿坑涌水量只计算矿坑岩层涌水量及大气降水充水量。预测结果是开采部门制订疏干措施,确定排水设备及生产能力的主要依据。     

田家河钒矿矿床水文地质条件分析及矿坑涌水量预测研究

通过系统分析田家河钒矿的水文地质条件和主要充水因素,认为大气降水、底板震旦系灯影组白云岩岩溶裂隙含水层和顶板寒武系中统岳家坪组白云岩岩溶裂隙含水层是未来影响矿坑充水的主要因素,各充水含水层富水性强,补给条件好,水文地质条件复杂,顶底板隔水层厚度薄且不连续,未来在矿山开采影响下将失去隔水作用,地下水向矿坑直接充水。结合开发利用设计,建立了各充水因素的涌水量预测模型,预测了矿坑正常和最大涌水量分别为40 199.76 m~3/d和100 395.69 m~3/d。针对充水因素,提出应以堵为主,堵疏结合综合防治的建议,为矿山开发利用设计提供依据。     

中黄页铁矿水文地质特征及涌水量预测研究

中黄页铁矿位于河南省卢氏县黄叶村,为水文地质条件中等的岩溶充水矿床。本文通过分析矿区水文地质条件、矿床充水水源和途径,对矿区水文地质参数进行了分析计算,分别采用补给量法和"大井法"开采过程中的涌水量进行了计算预测,结果显示:中黄页铁矿含水层属于岩溶裂隙水含水层,充水含水层富水性较差,渗透性较弱。矿区断裂构造发育,多充填,富水性较弱。根据补给量法预测矿坑平均涌水量为729 m~3/d,大井法预测矿坑最大涌水量为2 508 m~3/d。研究结果将为未来矿山开发设计中防水方案的制订提供了理论依据。     

刚果（金）Sicomines 铜钴矿矿坑涌水量预测及矿山防治水

通过对Sicomines水文地质条件的分析,指出矿区位于区域构造推覆体中,构造极其发育,含水层强弱相间、结构复杂,此外,矿区已经过十几年的开采,形成Dikuluwe和Mashamba Outest 两个大型采坑,采坑积水量巨大。结合未来矿山扩大生产规模进行露天开采的方案,利用矿区长年排水量观测资料,采用比拟法对矿坑地下水涌入梁进行预测,同时利用当地长期气象观测资料,对大气降水汇入量进行计算。基于矿山水文地质条件和矿坑涌水量,提出矿山开采初期,矿坑疏干排水应立足于坑排及井排的方式,后期可采用巷道疏干排水的方式。     

青龙县某铁矿矿区水文地质特征分析及矿坑涌水量预测

从区域水文地质、矿区水文地质两方面分析了矿区的水文地质特征,确定该矿区水文地质条件为简单,主要含水层(带)为第四系含水层、基岩风化裂隙含水带、构造破碎裂隙含水带。通过对矿床充水因素和矿坑边界条件的分析,提出利用承压水完整井结合大井法的计算方法,预测矿坑涌水量为9 283.6 m3/d,为后续矿山露采转地下开采提供依据。     

吴堡矿区首采地段水文地质特征及矿床充水条件分析

从鄂尔多斯盆地东部地下水类型、含水岩组等区域水文地质条件入手,对陕北石炭二叠纪煤田吴堡矿区首期开采地段水文地质条件进行了分析。分析表明,区内第四系松散层含水层在首采区虽然分别较广,但水量相对较小,正常情况下与其下含水层贯通的可能性较小,对于煤矿开采影响较小;基岩风化裂隙潜水、太原组灰岩溶隙裂隙及砂岩裂隙承压水及奥陶系灰岩岩溶承压水是煤矿开采中最为主要的突水类型。从矿坑充水水源、充水通道和充水强度角度对首期开采地段进行了矿床充水因素的研究。研究认为,矿井充水水源为煤层顶底板砂岩裂隙水、灰岩裂隙溶隙承压水及奥陶系岩溶承压水;充水通道主要是煤层开采后顶板形成的冒落带和导水裂隙带以及底板受其承压水的影响而产生的破坏带。建议在矿井设计前对首采地段进行三维地震勘探,进一步查明区内断层性质、规模和易发生矿井涌水的部位,为建井设计、矿坑底板的突水和防治提供依据。     

新疆鄯善县沙尔湖东露天煤矿矿坑涌水量预测方法

本文介绍了新疆鄯善县沙尔湖东露天煤矿水文地质特征、补给、径流、排泄条件。露天区的充水因素主要为大气降水和含水层中地下水直接充水作用。采用"大井法"来计算矿坑涌水量,矿坑涌水量的预测结果和矿区首采区实际涌水量接近。因此,该方法对本地区其他煤矿开采具有指导意义。     

安徽泥河铁矿矿坑充水因素研究

安徽泥河铁矿矿区水文地质条件较复杂,矿体埋深大,在综合分析矿区水文地质条件、地表水、地下水相互水力联系的基础上,从岩层性质、地下水赋存及补给条件,确定了影响矿床充水的各因素,结果可知:泥河铁矿矿体埋藏深度大,顶底板围岩为隔水层,次生石英岩含水层为矿坑充水的主要间接补给源,其多位于矿体顶板之上50 m,受矿体上部导水性极弱的闪长玢岩层的限制,补给量微弱,对矿区大部分矿坑充水影响不大。但在矿区东北部和中部地段,受开采时冒落带以及导水裂隙带的影响,对该区域矿坑充水的影响较大。此次研究填补了该矿区深层地下水含水系统研究的空白,为准确预测矿坑涌水量提供理论依据,具有重要的参考价值和现实意义。     

钻探物探一体化方法在矿井水害精细探测中的应用

针对物探技术在矿井水害探测中利用钻孔效率不高的问题,提出钻探物探一体化方法,即在钻探成孔时采用钻柱振动录井技术,在成孔后再利用孔中物探技术对井孔地质情况进行判定。钻探时的振动录井技术可以直观、可靠的定位钻孔中岩性变化和构造变化的位置,成孔后的孔中电磁法技术和地震超前探测技术可以定位孔中岩性变化和异常反射位置,进而准确的定位孔中的地质异常。实例表明:该方法可以准确查明孔中及钻孔周围存在的富水区和导水通道,有效的达到对矿井水害的精细探测。     

三维高分辨地震勘探在龙东矿的特殊应用效果

从构造情况、火成岩和天然焦分布以及新生界底部砂层、粘土层分布等方面论述了三维高分辨率地震勘探在大屯煤电公司龙东矿的特殊应用效果。研究表明，三维地震勘探不仅改变了龙东矿西二采区为一简单单斜构造形态的认识，而且圈定了7号煤层中火成岩和天然焦的分布以及新生界底部砂层、粘土层的分布状况，发现原井田边界F张断层并不存在，并分析了以往误判的原因，为采区重新界定、工作面划分等提供了新的可靠依据。     

大宝山多金属矿区土壤-植被稀土元素生物地球化学特征

为研究采矿对土壤-植被REE生物地球化学特征的影响,采集大宝山多金属矿区及背景区土壤及优势植物芒萁、马尾松叶片,测量REE含量.对比分析样品中REE分布模式、∑REE、δEu、δCe及四重效应等地球化学特征.结果表明:受采矿活动影响,矿区土壤REE含量均值达284.99 mg/kg,显著高于背景区,且表土层REE含量明显高于心土层;相对于背景区,矿区土壤和植被轻重稀土分馏更弱;研究区土壤和植被都为Eu亏损,大都为Ce富集,马尾松与土壤REE含量呈正相关,REE富集植物芒萁在背景区富集系数反而更高;矿区环境抑制植物对REE正常的迁移和分异,对植被生长不利,植被REE分布分异特征是其对生长环境的反映和适应.      

用赤泥去除酸性矿井水中重金属污染物的初步研究

利用碱性赤泥去除酸性矿井水中的污染物。通过比较不同的赤泥改性方法、赤泥改性温度、反应温度、反应时间及赤泥和矿井水不同的固液比等条件下水样中的pH值和Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Hg、Pb重金属元素的去除率，获得各污染物元素的最佳去除条件。为治理赤泥和酸性矿井水的污染开辟一条新的途径。     

我国关闭/废弃矿井资源综合利用形势分析与对策研究

长期的矿产资源开采形成了数量众多的关闭/废弃矿井(山),包括煤矿、金属和非金属矿等。矿井关闭废弃后仍赋存着方方面面的可利用资源,除了伴生的各种矿产资源外,还拥有巨大的地下空间资源(采空区和巷道),特别是部分井下仍然有多种废弃物(设备、材料等)和空间设施可再利用。通过总结一些关闭/废弃矿井资源综合利用状况,研究其功能定位和综合利用战略,并提出将关闭/废弃矿井资源综合开发利用与国家和区域经济、社会发展统筹部署的思考与建议。     

介休鑫峪沟煤矿地面2号注浆孔钻探施工技术

山西介休鑫峪沟煤矿2号地面定向水平多分支钻孔,是采用注浆技术封堵奥灰水导水补给通道的注浆钻孔,本孔实际完成总工作量2194.86 m,其中直孔段490.27 m,水平孔段累计1704.59 m。本文详细介绍了该注浆钻孔施工的主要设备、冲洗液及钻探施工技术,并对钻探施工中的难点和经验体会进行了总结,为同类工程施工提供借鉴。     

Compression Behavior of Mine Tailings Amended with Cementitious Binders

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fly ash amendment on the compression behavior of mine tailings. Natural and synthetic (i.e., laboratory prepared) mine tailings were used to assess the effects of tailings composition and tailings solids content on compressibility. Three types of off-specification fly ashes and Type I–II Portland cement were used as cementitious binders. Tailings-fly ash mixtures were prepared at solids content of 60–75% (water content = 33–67%), water-to-binder ratios of 2.5 and 5, and were cured for 0.1 days (2 h), 7, and 28 days. Bi-linear compression curves on semi-log plots were observed in most of the binder-amended tailings specimens. The break in slope on the compression curve was identified as the breaking stress, whereupon cementitious bonds were broken. The breaking stress increased with an increase in fly ash content, which was attributed to a lower water-to-binder ratio and void volume-to-binder volume ratio that produced more effective particle bonding. Breaking stress also increased with an increase in CaO content and CaO-to-SiO₂ ratio of fly ash, which resulted in more effective bonding between particles. The effect of curing time on the breaking stress of fly ash amended specimens was characterized by (1) an increase in breaking stress via increase in curing time and cementitious bond formation or (2) a constant breaking stress with curing time due to competing mechanisms during loading. Specimens cured under a vertical stress showed an increase in breakings stress with applied load water removal prior to cementitious bond formation that reduced the water-to-binder ratio and led to more effective cementation.     

四川杨柳坪Cu—Ni—PGE矿区基性—超基性岩的地球化学特征及其含矿性

杨柳坪矿区的基性-超基性岩主要呈层状产出，可以分为2类，即含矿的强蚀变超基性岩和不含矿的弱蚀变或未明显蚀变的基性岩，前者属于苦橄岩并具有科马提岩的地球化学特征（不具鬣刺结构，但可称为科马提质的苦橄岩），同时还具有高H2O^ 、高CO2的特点，并且H2O^ 、CO2越高矿化越强，表明成矿作用与热液蚀变有关，后者在地质特征和地球化学特征上与峨眉山玄武岩相似，成矿元素含量正常。     

Metamorphism and metasomatism at king Island Scheelite Mine 1

The King Island Scheelite Mine lies in the contact aureole of a granodiorite stock. Its open cut and numerous drill cores expose a contact metamorphosed and metasomatized series of finely interbedded argillaceous and calcareous sediments, with interleaved flows of picrite‐basalt and basic pyroclastics, the scheelite ore being limited to two limestone horizons. The range and gradation in composition of the original rocks has resulted in an unusual variety of metamorphic rocks, including forsterite‐phlogopite‐spinel‐tremolite hornfels, antho‐phyllite‐cordierite hornfels, biotite hornfels, actinolite hornfels, a variety of calc‐flinta, and marbles. The original sedimentation gave rise to a rapid alternation of limestone and shale, many times repeated, and during metamorphism these rocks reacted with each other to produce narrow bands of calc‐flinta.

Subsequent pyrometasomatism selectively converted the greater part of the marble beds to scheelite‐bearing andradite skarn, leaving the various hornfels and calc‐flinta very little affected. The replacement of the marble was a volume for volume process, and the conversion of 1,000,000 tons of marble to average grade ore involved the introduction of about 350,000 tons of SiO2, 250,000 tons of Fe2O3, 55,000 tons A12O3, 30,000 tons of H2O and 82,500 tons of CaO.

The temperature of the contact metamorphism attained over 500° C., and the rocks cooled to about 400° C. before the pyrometasomatism occurred. The rocks giving rise to the various hornfels underwent varying degrees of contraction during metamorphism, whereas the limestones probably expanded during metamorphism, and became more permeable to solutions.     

Mechanism of sulfide mineralization through successive metasomatic replacement stages of zoned host dolomite in Cracow-Silesian Zn-Pb deposits (Mississippi Valley type), Pomorzany Mine,Poland

Replacement of dolomite rhombs is zone selective in Cracow-Silesian Zn-Pb deposits. The discussed replacement of dolomite by sphalerite occurs as spotted sphalerite ore constituting about one-fourth of the economic sulfide mineralization of the Pomorzany Mine. Replacement is controlled by two factors, i.e., microporosity and chemical composition. The epigenetic host dolomite rhombs are zoned into three main zones, i.e., the outer rhombohedral rim which is hard and Fe rich with remarkable Zn content, the inner zone which is porous and Zn rich but usually low in Fe content, and the core of the dolomite rhombs which is Fe free but may contain some Zn. Zones rich in Zn were the first to be replaced by sphalerite; the same holds true for zones with higher microporosity showing a high degree of crystallographic disorder of cations. The other zones seem to be intact. There are four successive replacement stages, i.e., partial, moderate, intense, and advanced. During replacement the intact parts become more Zn-rich, consequently being replaced completely in the later stages, the greater the zinc content in the host dolomite is, the more reactive it is to replacement by sphalerite. The liberated iron from replaced Fe-rich zones is fixed as finely crystalline pyrite.