华北地台东部石炭—二叠纪岩相古地理特征

华北地台东部石炭—二叠纪沉积建造由５个沉积层序构成，下部ＤＳ１—ＤＳ３为陆表海型层序，ＤＳ４为过渡型层序，ＤＳ５为湖泊型层序。从早石炭世晚期至晚二叠世早期，华北陆表海的海侵范围自东向西、自北而南依次发展，这一岩相古地理演化过程主要受地台北部的阴山—燕山造山带在华力西期已经开始关闭，而地台南侧的秦岭造山带在晚华力西期至印支期由东向西逐次闭合这一过程的控制。     

华北晚古生代含煤盆地层序地层初探

根据内陆表海盆地特征，运用层序地层分析的原理，对华北石炭二叠纪含煤地层进行了层序地层单元划分，建立了层序地层格架，并进行了沉积体系分析。海平面相对升降变化是控制层序单元形成的主要因素。含煤沉积形成过程中的海侵方向及其变化都有一定的规律。受盆地周缘构造的影响，盆地的沉积演化可分为５个阶段。聚煤作用往往出现在层序地层单元形成的后期；空间上，富煤带多位于海侵体系域的上倾方向。随时间的推移，由北而南富煤带向上部层位迁移。     

华北地台东部石炭—二叠纪岩相古地理特征

华北地台东部石炭－二叠纪沉积建造由５个沉积层序而成，下部ＤＳ１－ＤＳ３为陆表海型层序，ＤＳ４在过渡型层序，ＤＳ５为湖泊型层序，从早石炭世晚期至第二叠世早期，华北陆表海的海侵范围自东向西，自北而南依次发展，这一岩相古地理演化过程主要受地台北部的阴山－燕山造山带在华力西期已经开始关闭，而地台南侧的秦蛉造山带在晚华力西期至印支期由东向西逐次闭合这一过程的控制。     

华北石炭纪海侵活动规律

本文根据华北区石炭系本溪组、太原组中的海相层,(虫筳)科带化石的区域分布和对比研究,并结合区域构造对石炭纪海侵的控制作用等,将石炭纪划分为早、中、晚世三个阶段,对其海侵的进退的变化规律作了详细的描述。作者认为,华北石炭纪海侵的主体方向是由东南往西北推进的,但在早石炭世—中石炭世早期的海侵,仅限于郯庐断裂以东的苏北—辽东—吉南地区,这时的海侵方向是由南往北扩展。中石炭世晚期海侵有所扩大来自苏皖北部的海水侵入到山西等地。晚石炭世时海侵面积最大,它北部抵达辽东,往南延伸到华北板块的南缘一带。     

新疆博格达山北缘晚古生代-中生代古水流样式转折及其构造意义

新疆准噶尔盆地南缘博格达山北缘地区古水流方向在晚古生代到中生代期间发生过三次重要的转变。晚石炭世晚期以前指向南,晚石炭世晚期到二叠纪期间指向东、南东东向,三叠纪—侏罗纪指向南,白垩纪及其以后指向北。结合盆地物源和沉积环境分析,博格达山北缘自晚古生代以来可划分为四个构造演化阶段,古流向转折期为盆地各期构造演化的分界线,它们是盆地对周缘造山带构造演化沉积响应的重要记录。另一方面,古水流转折时间资料的获得,对准噶尔盆地周缘不同构造带的隆升时代是一个非常重要的限定。晚石炭世晚期至二叠纪,古水流资料指示沉积物主要来自准噶尔盆地西部,准噶尔盆地西—西北缘强烈隆升,自三叠纪早期开始到侏罗纪晚期,准噶尔盆地北缘抬升,博格达山北缘沉积物主要来自北方;侏罗纪晚期到白垩纪,古水流指示沉积物主要来自盆地南部,博格达山隆起并遭受剥蚀。然而,什么原因造成石炭纪末以来,准噶尔盆地周缘几个造山带顺时针方向依次隆起,有待进一步研究。     

新疆博格达山北缘晚古生代一中生代古水流样式转折及其构造意义

新疆准噶尔盆地南缘博格达山北缘地区古水流方向在晚古生代到中生代期间发生过三次重要的转变.晚石炭世晚期以前指向南,晚石炭世晚期到二叠纪期间指向东、南东东向,三叠纪-侏罗纪指向南,白垩纪及其以后指向北.结合盆地物源和沉积环境分析,博格达山北缘自晚古生代以来可划分为四个构造演化阶段,古流向转折期为盆地各期构造演化的分界线,它们是盆地对周缘造山带构造演化沉积响应的重要记录.另一方面,古水流转折时间资料的获得,对准噶尔盆地周缘不同构造带的隆升时代是一个非常重要的限定.晚石炭世晚期至二叠纪,古水流资料指示沉积物主要来自准噶尔盆地西部,准噶尔盆地西-西北缘强烈隆升,自三叠纪早期开始到侏罗纪晚期,准噶尔盆地北缘抬升,博格达山北缘沉积物主要来自北方;侏罗纪晚期到白垩纪,古水流指示沉积物主要来自盆地南部,博格达山隆起并遭受剥蚀.然而,什么原因造成石炭纪末以来,准噶尔盆地周缘几个造山带顺时针方向依次隆起,有待进一步研究.     

山东聊城煤田赋岩赋煤盆地构造特征

聊城盆地主要受聊（城）—（兰）考断裂、齐（河）—广（饶）断裂、牛角店断裂(刘集断裂)和汶泗断裂（颜村铺断裂）的控制，盆地赋煤构造的大小、范围及形态，决定了聊城煤田的规模、含煤建造、煤层时空分布及其勘查开发前景。聊城煤田为全掩盖式华北型含煤岩系，为华北型煤矿的重要组成部分，聚煤期为石炭—二叠纪，含煤岩石类型以碎屑岩为主，其次为碳酸盐岩、可燃有机岩(煤)。粗碎屑含量由南向北、自西向东逐渐增加，石灰岩南厚北薄，煤层层位北低南高，成煤期北早南晚，且呈现东西成带、南北分异之现象。     

北秦岭晚古生代海槽与华北陆块石炭—二叠纪含煤岩系

南召柿树园组发现晚古生代孢子化石,证实存在北秦岭晚古生代海槽。西伯利亚板块与华北板块对接,导致华北陆块北缘自早石炭世接受海侵,海水由北向南侵进,注入北秦岭海槽。中石炭世—二叠纪在华北陆块沉积盆地内形成由北向南穿时,由下而上演化的陆表海—三角洲—河湖相沉积体系,伴随沼泽化和泥炭化,形成由北向南穿时的煤层。     

中国华北地台二叠纪前陆盆地的发现及其证据

根据受宇地系统场控制的突发性海侵形成的碳酸盐岩－碎屑岩旋回层序界面进行的等时性旋回层序对比，建立了纵穿华北地台晚石炭世＝二叠纪的等时性旋回层序格架，首次发现了华北地台从晚石炭世至二叠纪已经由稳定克拉通盆地转化为具冲断造山楔挤压的前陆盆地，主要证据有：从紫松阶中晚期，隆林阶至栖霞阶，北华北各旋回层序已成为具有前渊造山带物源性质的巨充填层序和反粒序层序（PS6－PS28），在南华北同时限各下超层序的底部均发现具补偿性的深海相泥岩和硅质岩，在南部出现属前陆前隆带的后阶型缓坡碳酸盐岩序；二叠纪沉积盆地的冲断造山带物源性质的普遍存在，似瘤状硅质结核，凝灰岩，凝灰质沉积，以及具有浊积滑塌重力流复理石的沉积共生序列；多期次广泛发育的火山岛弧－孤后火山喷发事件；反极性时和古纬度的变化等，以上证据均支持从早二叠世以来华北板块与西伯利亚－兴蒙褶皱带发生聚敛碰撞形成冲断带和前陆盆地，证明了华北地台在二叠纪已成为具有弧后性质的前陆盆地。     

东亚石炭-二叠纪有孔虫迁移与海水进退规程的相关模式

亚洲东部石炭-二叠纪生物地层，沿北纬42°左右存在一条质变线。此线南北海水进退呈现互为消长的关系，反映了海水南北方向的4次活动过程：早石炭世早与早二叠世，自南而北；中晚石炭世与晚二叠世，自北而南。生物最低层位的变化情况，反映了生物也经历了相应的南北方向的4次迁移过程。这种迁移可能与气候的冷暖变化有关，而海水运动可能源于地球自转速率的不均衡，甚至气候的变化最终也是地球自转不均衡的结果。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘晚石炭世沉积体系与高频层序旋回--以呼鲁斯太剖面例析

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘呼鲁斯太剖面上石炭统包括靖远组、羊虎沟组和太原组,发育有堡岛、堡岛-台地和潮控三角洲三种沉积体系,自下而上可以划分出16个海进－ 海退层序旋回,每个层序旋回的时限为1.1 ～ 3.3Ma, 平均 1.9Ma,相当于四级相对海平面变化旋回,属高频层序旋回。每个层序由海侵体系域和早期高位体系域、晚期高位体系域组成,偶发育有强制海退体系域。晚石炭世早期海侵来自祁连海,太原晚期,祁连海与华北连通。研究区古海平面变化表现为先慢速后快速海侵和快速海退,少数为正常海退,并由此建立了古海岸平原的层序地层模式。     

南华北盆地晚石炭世—早二叠世层序地层学及古地理研究

南华北盆地晚石炭世—早二叠世主要为陆表海充填沉积。通过层序界面识别和层序地层划分,建立层序地层格架,将研究区晚石炭世—早二叠世地层划分为1个Ⅱ级陆表海充填层序,3个Ⅲ级层序(Sq1—Sq3),分别对应晚石炭世巴什基尔-格舍尔期、早二叠世紫松期和隆林期,同时对3个层序的特征及演化进行了分析。根据层序地层学研究对Sq1~Sq3进行古地理重建,发现陆表海充填总体上为海退序列,物源主要来自北缘阴山隆起;同时也证实了海侵转换面的存在,全球海平面上升和板缘构造运动共同塑造了南华北盆地晚石炭世—早二叠世特殊的古地理演化过程。     

Transgressive facies in the South Munster Basin, Ireland

This paper describes the sedimentation style associated with the basal Carboniferous transgression in southern Ireland and the influence which this event had on the palaeogeography of the region. The transgression as marked by the base of the Carboniferous succession is shown to represent one of several genetically related transgressive pulses which commenced during the Late Devonian. At this time an east-west trending graben, the South Munster Basin, developed in southern Ireland. This was initially a non-marine depositional site in which sediment was derived from the north and west. Subsidence and eustatic sea-level rise resulted in a marine transgression which proceeded in a rhythmic style resulting in a number of transgressive-stillstand pulses. The first transgressive pulse (T1) advanced in a westerly direction along the basin axis resulting in the development of an epicontinental-like sea. The shoreline remained essentially static along the northern basin margin initially until a second transgressive pulse (T2) resulted in expansion of the marine area. The latter proceeded by gradual northward erosive advance of a barred coastal area as far as the northern basin margin where the stability of the bounding platform halted its progress. Erosion of the barrier shoreface was insufficient to destroy all the backbarrier lagoonal deposits which are preserved as a thin transgressive diachronous unit which grades northwards to a coastal alluvial plain. Immediately preceding the basal Carboniferous transgression (T3), a shallow, wave-dominated, storm-influenced shelf sea occupied the basinal area. Two sublittoral sand bar complexes developed on the shelf under the influence of shore-parallel current regimes, apparently derived from source areas located on either side of the epicontinental sea The basal Carboniferous transgression took place in two pulses. The first (T3a) resulted in a rapid reduction in sand supply to the shelf and deposition of clay. The barrier shoreline responded by erosively retreating across the lagoon, leaving a transgressive lag in its wake. Its northwards advance was, however, limited due to the relative stability of the northern platform. Sand supply to the shelf was completely terminated in the second pulse (T3b) and the barrier rapidly migrated erosively across the northern platform for a considerable distance such that the coastal plain is overlain by a thin transgressive lag. This transgressive phase was immediately followed by shoreline stillstand and progressive shallowing of the shelf. An open sandy shelf developed on which offshore sand bars accumulated under a storm and wave dominated regime. Clay deposition continued in the deeper part of the basinal area but was eventually terminated as the shelf sands prograded centripetally into the basin. The main factor that controlled the style of the overall transgression was an interplay between eustatic sea level rise and basin subsidence. The rate of relative sea-level rise together with the effect of differential subsidence and fluvial input from the north appear to have diminished with time. The rate at which successive transgressive pulses advanced northwards shows an overall progressive increase.     

The Relationship between the Distribution of Thick Coal Belts and the Late Carboniferous-Early Early Permian Marine Transgression-Regression in the North China Platform

Four great second-order transgressions occurred during the Late Carboniferous to early Early Permian and they came from both the eastern and western sea areas in the North China Platform. As time went on, depocentres, depositional extent, transgression directions, coastline position and distribution of minable coal seams were changing continuously. The third great second-order transgression occurring at the beginning of the early Early Permian marks the maximum transgression period and before its arrival, i.e. at the close of the late Late Carboniferous, there was the super-regional coal-forming environment. During the second, third and fourth transgressions, the northern North China Platform was all along situated on the transgressive margin of the epicontinental sea and became the major distribution area of thick coal belts because it maintained a coal-forming environment for a long period of time from the close of the late Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian.     

三塘湖盆地构造演化与油气聚集

三塘湖盆地处于西伯利亚板块南缘,早石炭世晚期,盆地褶皱基底形成;晚石炭世早期,总体处于碰撞期后伸展构造环境;晚石炭世晚期,洋壳消亡,断陷收缩与整体抬升,形成剥蚀不整合.早二叠世,进入陆内前陆盆地演化阶段;中二叠世,盆地进入推覆体前缘前陆盆地发育期;晚二叠世,构造褶皱回返,前陆盆地消失;三叠纪晚期至侏罗纪中期,进入统一坳...     

黑龙江多宝山古生代海盆闭合的岩石学证据

综合研究黑龙江多宝山地区古生代沉积地层、生物化石,通过分析侵入岩岩石地球化学及其锆石U--Pb 同位素测年资料,表明该地区早奥陶世至晚泥盆世早期为海相沉积地层,晚泥盆世晚期为海陆交互相沉积地层,早石炭世为陆相河湖沉积地层。多宝山海盆东南侧出露一套年龄为( 300 ± 3 ～ 357 ± 4) Ma 的花岗岩,其中正长、二长花岗质糜棱岩为后造山花岗岩,碱长花岗岩为造山后A 型花岗岩。表明多宝山海盆于晚泥盆世开始闭合,至早石炭世为陆相河湖沉积,晚石炭世-早二叠世为抬升剥蚀阶段。表现为多宝山地区于早石炭世开始造山,晚石炭世晚期或延至早二叠世发生造山后伸展作用。     

辽宁太子河盆地元古宙—古生代层序地层

太子河盆地元古宇-古生界划分为23个三级层序,归并为3个二级超层序,分别命名为偏岭超层序(Qn)、太子河超层序(∈-O)和牛心台超层序(C-P).本文对各层序的特征、界面性质、沉积相和相序等作了较详细的描述;对石炭-二叠纪陆相地层,尝试使用不同于海相地层的层序地层学术语;对太子河盆地的演化阶段及其特征作了划分和总结.这是首次对太子河盆地进行的层序地层学研究.     

Tectonic Evolution of the Junggar Foreland Basin in the Late Carboniferous-Permian

A comprehensive study has been carried out to subdivide and correlate the Upper Carboniferous and Permian sedimentary successions in the Junggar basin based on outcrops and drilling and geophysical data. The study results, combined with geological analyses of the basin's periphery and the basement, as well as studies of the sedimentary rocks within the basin, the unconformities, tectonic geometry, kinematics and geodynamics, lead to the conclusion that the Junggar basin was characterized by the development of foreland basin systems during the Late Carboniferous and Permian. During that period, three foreland basin systems were developed: (1) the northwest foreland basin system, which trended nearly north-south from Mahu to the Chepaizi Palaeo-mountain during its early stage of development and thus it was also referred to as the west foreland basin system; (2) the Karamaili foreland basin system in the east and (3) the Northern Tianshan foreland basin system in the south. These systems are different in s     

新疆中天山古生代侵入岩浆序列及构造演化

新疆中天山构造岩浆带是中亚造山带的重要组成部分,广泛分布着古生代花岗质侵入体。本研究重点对中天山南缘巴音布鲁克及巴伦台地区的花岗质侵入体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,并获得了岩体侵位年龄由老到新分别为463±3Ma(石英闪长岩)、437±5Ma(石英闪长岩)、424±3Ma(二长花岗岩)、383±4Ma(二长花岗岩)、356±3Ma(二长花岗岩)和303±5Ma(正长花岗岩)。综合区域地质分析认为,中天山古生代侵入岩浆活动可分为四个构造岩浆演化阶段:(1)晚寒武世—晚奥陶世阶段,Terskey洋盆和南天山洋盆自新元古代打开形成广阔洋盆,Terskey洋盆在晚寒武世开始初次俯冲,于晚奥陶世洋盆闭合,南天山洋盆于早奥陶世初次俯冲,具有自西向东、由早到晚的俯冲特点;(2)早志留世—中泥盆世阶段,南天山洋盆持续向北俯冲,该阶段北天山洋开始向南侧俯冲,在伊犁地块北缘形成了弧岩浆;(3)晚泥盆世—早石炭世阶段,南天山洋盆闭合于晚泥盆世末期,在早石炭世中晚期进入残余洋盆演化阶段;(4)晚石炭世—早二叠世阶段,该阶段为后碰撞伸展环境,区域上为陆内演化阶段。     

西藏珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区显生宙沉积演化

位于印度板块北缘和雅鲁藏布江结合带之间的珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区，属于喜马拉雅造山带，是特提斯洋的重要组成部分。自奥陶纪至古近纪约5亿年期间发育一套基本连续的海相沉积，厚度达14 km，是研究特提斯洋形成演化的最佳地区。作者在对该区显生宙地层主干剖面和辅助剖面详细观察研究以及区域地质调查填图的基础上，将珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区显生宙沉积地层划分为海相、海陆过渡相和陆相3个沉积相组、15个沉积相和若干个沉积亚相。作者通过对该区沉积盆地的地层系统、沉积相、沉积特征的系统研究，将珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区显生宙沉积演化划分为6个阶段:1)奥陶纪-泥盆纪为稳定陆表海演化阶段；2)石炭纪-二叠纪为大陆裂谷盆地演化阶段；3)三叠纪-侏罗纪为被动大陆边缘盆地演化阶段；4)早中白垩世为前陆早期复理石盆地演化阶段；5)晚白垩世-古新世为前陆晚期磨拉石盆地演化阶段；6)古近纪-第四纪为造山隆升断陷盆地形成演化阶段。研究结果表明，珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区显生宙沉积盆地经历了由陆表海盆地-大陆裂谷盆地-被动大陆边缘盆地-前陆盆地-断陷盆地的演化过程。