北京市地面沉降监测系统及技术方法

北京市地面沉降监测系统由地面沉降监测网、地面沉降专门监测网、GPS监测网、地下水位动态监测网及InSAR监测网构成.结合北京市近年来地面沉降监测工作,分析总结了标孔监测和质量控制方法,提出了将GPS监测分为控制网和监测网两级监测的方法,提高了监测精度,尝试采用InSAR测方法对部分重要轨道交通进行地面沉降专项监测研究.对地面沉降监测网络建设及优化有一定的指导意义.     

山东省德州市地面沉降控沉分析及建议

山东省德州市地面沉降具有发展历史久、沉降量大、分布范围广、持续发展等特征,地面沉降防治工作形势紧迫。为分析《山东省德州市地面沉降防治规划(2018—2025年)》控沉目标如期实现的可能性,以德州市地面沉降现状及现有防治手段为基础,通过区域地面沉降速率公式量化计算及中心沉降速率预测进行控沉目标可行性分析。结果表明,在最严格的水资源管理制度条件下,控沉目标可以实现。针对地面沉降防治存在的问题,如地面沉降监测手段及监测频率有待提高、防治经费缺乏保障、地面沉降成因机理研究不深入、治理欠缺等,从管理和技术两方面出发,提出了包括健全监测网络、控采地下水、加大地面沉降知识宣传等控沉建议。该研究可为德州市切实有效进行地面沉降防治工作提供参考。     

江苏常州地面沉降监测与发展趋势分析

地面沉降是常州市区主要地质灾害之一,也是制约常州城市经济发展的重要环境地质问题。为了厘清常州市区地面沉降态势,提升灾害防治能力,文章优化形成了集一等水准测量、GPS-InSAR监测、基岩标和分层标、光纤监测孔等多种监测技术方法,点-线-面相结合的常州市地面沉降立体监测网络,有效提升了常州市区地面沉降监测的精度及可靠性。基于常州城市地质调查成果,系统归纳了近几十年常州市区地面沉降发展历程。利用建成的多方法地面沉降监测网络获取的沉降变形数据,得出常州市区地面沉降总体现状及发展趋势、重点沉降区分布、主要沉降层位及成因机理等,最终提出常州市区地面沉降防治建议,为以后城市地质调查工作中地面沉降监测与防控工作提供参考。     

苏锡常地区地面沉降监测网络体系建设初探

本文从苏锡常地区地质环境基本特征出发,在分析了该地区地下水开采及地面沉降现状和特点基础上,提出建设苏锡常地区地面沉降监测网络体系的初步构想.该监测网络的建立,将为今后开展地面沉降GPS监测及相应的专题研究工作奠定基础.     

天津市地面沉降及地下水位监测自动化系统的设计与应用

地面沉降是天津市当前最为主要的环境地质问题之一,影响着各类城市基础设施的建设 和维护,不利于城市的快速发展.天津地面沉降研究结果业已表明地下水超采是导致沉降的主要原因,大范围、长时间监测地面沉降发展过程及地下水开采状况是进一步开展地面沉降机理分析、预测地面沉降趋势并采取合理防治措施地基础.本文将详细介绍天津市一项地面沉降和地下水位监测自动化系统的设计和应用情况,为我国地面沉降监测与防治工作摸索新方法.     

北京地面沉降工作分析及展望

本文主要回顾北京近年来在地面沉降网络建设、监测及研究应用等各方面取得的成果,对影响地面沉降主要发展规律及未来形势进行深入分析,对后续工作进行展望,并在此基础上提出合理建议。     

国际地面沉降研究进展的启示

地面沉降不仅影响社会经济的可持续发展,还威胁人类的生命安全。为推动世界地面沉降防治工作的进一步发展,根据近几年的地面沉降研究成果,对国际地面沉降最新研究进展进行了综述,旨在分析国际先进的地面沉降研究思路、方法、技术和管理政策,为中国今后的地面沉降工作方向提供指导。从地面沉降监测手段、监测网布设、监测精度,以及沉降机理研究和管理措施几个方面对比了国内外地面沉降工作,分析了中国在地面沉降工作中的长处与不足。中国地面沉降防治工作在沉降监测、机理研究、完善相关法律法规等方面依然任重道远。     

简述地面沉降的研究进展

分析引起地面沉降的人为因素和自然因素,综述抽取地下水、开采石油和水溶性气体及建筑荷载诱发地面沉降的三种机制.介绍全球定位系统、地下水位自动监测、合成孔径雷达干涉测量、分层标与自动监测四种地面沉降监测技术的特点、发展及应用.概述地面沉降预测和灾害损失评估研究及其治理进展的状况.     

浙江省杭嘉湖平原地面沉降及监测网络研究

浙江省杭嘉湖平原地面沉降自20世纪60年代发生以来,随着地下水的开采不断发展,并造成洪涝灾害加剧,城市排水排污能力、内河通航能力下降等危害．影响社会经济的可持续发展。本文在对该地区地面沉降现状及监测工作总结的基础上,提出了地面沉降监测网络系统规划设想。     

基于合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术的地面沉降研究综述

综述了合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术的研究现状及其在监测地面沉降方面的优势和缺陷.与传统监测方法相比,InSAR技术在地面沉降监测方面主要具有全天候、大范围、高分辨率、高精度等优势,但在实际应用中则会产生去相关问题.探讨了利用该技术监测地面沉降的发展方向,认为应将InSAR与GPS及传统的水准测量等方法结合使用,合理利用各技术之间的互补性.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of