基于富阳市基础控制网整合探讨

由于城市控制网分区建设,各区所依据的起算点不一致,导致控制网之间存在误差,影响了全市基础地理资料的完整性。结合富阳市存在3个控制网的情形,提出以D级GPS网作框架,采用坐标转换方法实现全市坐标系统统一的城市基础控制网整合方案,并应用于富阳市控制网整合改造,解决了全市3个控制网存在的误差状况,实现了全市坐标系统的统一,可为其他城市控制网的改造整合提供有益借鉴。     

无锡市七城区基础控制网整合研究

城市控制网由于分区建设,各区所依据的起算点不一致,使得控制网之间存在缝隙,影响了全市基础地理资料的完整性.结合无锡市七城区存在四个控制网的情形,提出以D级GPs网作框架,采用坐标转换方法实现七城区坐标系统统一的城市基础控制网整合方案,并应用于无锡市七城区控制网整合改造,解决了七城区四个控制网存在的割裂状况,实现了全市七城区坐标系统的统一,为我国其他城市控制网的改造整合提供了有益借鉴.     

紫荆公园景观塔轨道安装测量三维基准网布设研究

本文通过对紫荆公园景观塔轨道安装测量三维基准网布设研究,详细介绍了一个极小范围内的高精度施工控制网建立的要素,对比了精密工程测量的控制网和高精度大地控制网的区别,同时提出对控制网网形进行精度估算,以便确定控制网建立的可行性。     

整体平差在多线路地铁控制网建设的应用实证

城市地铁控制网是为城市地铁工程布设的专用控制网,是城市地铁工程所有测量的基础依据,是城市地铁工程全线线路与结构贯通的保障.城市地铁的建设特点是网状规划、建设周期长、分期建设等.随着新建线路的增加,单地铁线路的控制网越来越多,如何保证已有线路和新线路的衔接,是城市地铁控制网设计和建设时必须考虑的问题.本文以福州市4#、6#及F1线控制网建设为例,通过将已有线路控制网纳入到新线路控制网进行整体平差,有效解决了这一衔接问题,提高了新网与已有网的契合度,使控制网精度更均匀,同时提高了新线路控制网精度.     

GPS控制网优化设计质量指标探讨

GPS测量控制网的优化设计工作是GPS控制网质量的重要保证,本文在分析GPS测量控制网特点的基础上,对GPS测量控制网优化设计的质量指标进行了探讨.     

城市GPS控制网建立的基本方法与应用研究

本文在全面总结城市控制网建立的基本方法的基础上,结合某城市GPS控制网实例,采用四参数模型数据处理方法实现了城市控制网的改扩建,在不降低GPS网的内符合精度的同时,又保持了城市控制网的延续性,具有较强的实用价值.     

高铁基础平面控制网复测中基准点稳定性分析及成果更新方法

以蚌埠至合肥高速铁路运营期精测网复测数据为基础,介绍了高速铁路基础平面控制网(CPI平面控制网)复测时基准点稳定性分析的方法和CPI平面控制网复测点稳定性分析、成果更新的方法。通过判断分析得出了CPI平面控制网的复测结论和成果,保证了CPI平面控制网的复测精度和质量,对以后类似的工程项目具有很好的参考作用。     

地铁GPS控制网的布测与稳定性分析

简要介绍地铁GPS控制网设计、外业观测及数据处理情况,由于地铁建设周期较长,需要定期对控制网进行复测,详细介绍了控制网稳定性统计检验分析方法,并对控制网近4年复测数据进行了稳定性分析。     

GPS在杭长客运专线精密控制网复测中的应用

详细介绍了GPS精密控制网在杭长客运专线复测中的布设,以及GPS精密控制网数据处理及在客运专线工程中施测,总结了GPS用于布设铁路测量控制网所具有的特点,同时推出了GPS1200在布设测量控制网中的应用实例。     

新型地铁轨道控制网复测精度控制指标分析

介绍了新型地铁轨道控制网的网型、观测方式以及控制网的复测,并推导了控制网复测的控制指标。通过设计不同情况的控制网,模拟了观测数据,并对其进行计算和统计,验证了推导控制指标的合理性;分析了在控制网复测时,测距加、乘常数偏差对复测和原测坐标差值以及相邻点坐标增量差值的影响。研究成果对地铁轨道控制网的精度分析有实际参考价值。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。