新疆西天山松湖铁矿床磁铁矿成分特征及其成因

松湖铁矿位于新疆阿吾拉勒成矿带中段, 其成矿作用经历了2期6个阶段: 硫化物-钾长石阶段、赤铁矿-方解石-绿泥石阶段、磁铁矿-绿泥石-钾长石阶段(称为早阶段铁矿化)、磁铁矿-硫化物阶段(称为晚阶段铁矿化)、方解石-黄铜矿阶段及表生期.为了分析其成分特征及其成因, 使用磁铁矿电子探针分析, 结果显示: 早阶段磁铁矿FeO_T含量高, TiO₂、Al₂O₃、MgO、MnO等含量均较低, 与接触交代矿床成分特征相似, 加之SiO₂含量较高, 暗示其形成与酸性岩浆热液密切相关; 晚阶段为主成矿阶段, 广泛作用于早阶段矿石之上, 磁铁矿FeO_T含量相对较低, TiO₂、MnO、V₂O₃、MgO、Al₂O₃等含量高于早阶段磁铁矿, 显示为热液成因.综合矿床地质特征, 认为晚阶段磁铁矿形成于岩浆活动晚期或间歇期, 含矿热液中有海水的加入.      

河南省南召县老庄透辉石–透闪石矿床地质特征及其成因分析

南召县老庄透辉石–透闪石矿是河南省唯一的透辉石–透闪石矿床。矿区位于区域性栾川–明港大断裂的北侧，大地构造位置处于华北陆块南缘。矿区有2个透辉石–透闪石矿体，呈似层状赋存于青白口系栾川群南泥湖组上段中，矿体形态简单。围岩蚀变为透闪石化和透辉石化，次为钾长石化和金云母化等。矿石自然类型主要为金云母透辉石透闪石矽卡岩型、金云母透闪石透辉石矽卡岩型和金云母透闪石矽卡岩型。矿物成分主要为透闪石和透辉石，次为钾长石和金云母，方解石少量。矿石化学成分主要为SiO₂、CaO、MgO和Al₂O₃，其次是FeO、K₂O、Na₂O和CO₂等。透闪石+透辉石(Tl+Di)品位较高、较稳定，矿床平均品位(Tl+Di)为68.25%。透辉石–透闪石原矿代替硅灰石用于生产釉面砖。初步试验表明，制品性能稳定，节能效果明显。矿床属矽卡岩型矿床，成矿时代为早白垩世。矿床形成受早白垩世竹园石英正长斑岩体与南泥湖组上段中的白云石大理岩及层间破碎带的多重控制。矽卡岩期为主成矿期，干矽卡岩阶段形成...     

南海北部中央峡谷水道的岩相-地球化学特征及其源区性质

峡谷水道是南海北部琼东南盆地深水区主要储集层,乐东-陵水凹陷黄流组储集岩以粉、细砂岩为主,储层物性好.然而目前针对不同期水道主要物源供给及水道形成的母岩区性质、古风化程度等研究甚少.对中央峡谷西段水道的砂泥岩进行了岩石薄片与重矿物成分观察统计、岩石主量、微量/稀土元素分析,结果表明:岩石类型以岩屑石英砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,崖城、陵水区重矿物分别为磁铁矿、白钛矿、锆石、电气石与白钛矿、石榴石、电气石、锆石的组合;地球化学特征表现为泥岩较砂岩SiO₂含量低,Fe₂O₃、MgO、K₂O、稀土含量偏高,与其含有高粘土矿物有关.砂、泥岩Al₂O₃/TiO₂、K₂O/Al₂O₃、K₂O/Na₂O比值说明物源区富石英、贫钾长石,分别为石英质沉积与中性火成岩源区;砂岩较泥岩具有较高SiO₂/Al₂O₃比值、低ICV、CIA、CIW值,表明源区经历了低-中等程度的风化作用,是稳定构造环境再循环沉积而成,泥岩的形成环境较砂岩动荡.      

山东蒙阴金伯利岩中铬铁矿电子探针波谱分析

铬铁矿是金伯利岩型金刚石矿床中主要的指示性矿物之一.准确分析出铬铁矿化学组分中FeO、MgO、Cr₂O₃、Al₂O₃、TiO₂含量,不但对铬铁矿定名起决定性作用,对金伯利岩型金刚石矿床找矿也具有重要的指示意义.利用电子探针波谱技术对铬铁矿主量化学元素分析,通过所测样品微区化学成分含量推测矿物名称.25件单矿物样品微区化学成分分析结果统计显示：单矿物中主要化学成分FeO为15.666%~29.971%,MgO为7.286%~11.477%,Cr₂O₃为56.421%~71.111%;次要化学成分MnO为0.012%~0.382%,Al₂O₃为0.871%~8.993%,TiO₂为0.074%~3.375%.矿物化学成分总量为99.117%~100.877%,单矿物化学成分与铬铁矿化学组分相当.根据矿物人工重砂鉴定特征及A、B离子占位情况,可以确定所测样品为镁铬铁矿.     

重庆高燕地区菱锰矿热水沉积成因地球化学证据

重庆高燕锰矿床位于晚震旦世秦巴成锰沉积盆地,主要赋存于陡山沱组顶部,以鲕粒或球粒状产出.为了查明其成因,在收集该区锰矿相关成果的基础上,对ZK129-3^#、ZK115-7^#、ZK127-7^#、ZK133-7^#、ZK115-11^#五个钻孔的陡山沱组鲕状菱锰矿进行系统采样,并测试了包括Mn、Fe、P、SiO₂、CaO、MgO、Al₂O₃和LOI在内的8个地球化学指标,进而运用指相元素地球化学分析了Mn/Al、（MgO/Al₂O₃）×10²、Al/（Al+Fe+Mn）和SiO₂/Al₂O₃比值.结果表明：重庆高燕菱锰矿受陆源物质的影响很小,与海洋沉积有关,主要是海洋自生产物;Al/（Al+Fe+Mn）和SiO₂/Al₂O₃值则指示其沉积过程中有热水参与,是热水沉积的产物.     

青海虎头崖多金属矿床矿石矿物标型特征与成因

虎头崖矿床是青海祁漫塔格地区重要的铅锌多金属矿床之一,该区岩浆活动强烈,具有Fe、Cu、Mo、Pb、Zn等多金属成矿元素组合.本文在前人研究成果的基础上,通过分析虎头崖矿床不同矿脉黄铜矿、闪锌矿、磁铁矿、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿和毒砂6种主要矿石矿物的标型特征,探讨其对于矿床成矿作用的指示意义.通过分析虎头崖矿床2号矿脉、6号矿脉、7号矿脉闪锌矿中Zn/Fe比值(平均值分别为19.62、32.71、24.91)、Zn/Cd比值(均值分别为179.39、148.00、182.33)、Fe含量和FeS含量,以及黄铜矿中S元素含量、(Fe+Cu)/S比值(平均值分别为1.97、1.90、1.86),认为虎头崖矿床大致形成于中温环境,成矿温度自主岩体沿断层接触带向围岩逐渐降低,且7号脉闪锌矿成矿温度表现出从第1世代到第3世代逐渐降低的特点.根据磁铁矿中TiO2、A12O3、MgO、MnO和闪锌矿中Fe、Mn、Cd、Zn等化学成分特征,结合矿床地质特征和前人研究成果,认为虎头崖矿床成因类型为矽卡岩型矿床.     

红石泉铀矿床晶质铀矿矿物学特征研究及其找矿意义

龙首山铀成矿带西段的红石泉铀矿床是中国典型的伟晶岩型铀矿床,具有“岩体型”矿化特征。文章以红石泉晶质铀矿为切入点,结合全岩地球化学与晶质铀矿矿物学以及元素地球化学特征,探讨红石泉矿床铀矿物蚀变演化及铀矿化特征,得出以下认识：(1)红石泉矿床原生晶质铀矿受明显热液蚀变改造,w(UO₂+ThO₂+PbO+REE₂O₃+Y₂O₃)逐渐减少,w(CaO+SiO₂+FeO+Al₂O₃)明显增加,在蚀变改造过程中U从晶质铀矿中释放,随流体迁移;(2)红石泉矿床晶质铀矿Pb丢失现象较普遍,其中在背散射图像中较亮的A类晶质铀矿Pb丢失机制为重结晶,其重结晶加权平均年龄为(416±18)Ma,而较暗的B类晶质铀矿Pb丢失机制为扩散(浸出);(3)红石泉矿床岩浆铀成矿阶段之后,存在后期热液铀成矿作用。根据全岩元素地球化学特征,结合区内正长岩结晶年龄,文章推测红石泉矿床热液铀成矿与正长岩浆分异的碱性热液关系密切。     

祁连山西段蛇绿岩型超基性岩特征及其地质意义

本文对祁连山西段具有代表性的大拉排沟等6个超基性岩体的岩石学,主要元素、微量元素及副矿物铬尖晶石特征作了深入的研究,认为分布于祁连造山带的蛇绿岩型超基性岩,具有分异后的上地幔组成特点,其成岩作用比较复杂。岩体主要由方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩构成,为钙碱性系列的镁质超基性岩类。岩石化学成分具高MgO、Na₂O,而低Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃、TiO₂、CaO、K₂O特征。同时,微量元素分析表明,该类岩体均起源于分异作用相对较小的深部地幔。     

镁铝对烧结矿中铁酸钙的矿物学特性影响

铁酸钙是高碱度烧结矿中的主要黏结相矿物,它的含量、结晶形态、化学成分及晶体结构等矿物学特性对烧结矿质量起着关键性作用,而烧结原料中各组分的含量直接影响着铁酸钙的生成。以Fe₃O₄、SiO₂、CaO、MgO、Al₂O₃的化学纯试剂为原料,在实验室进行微型烧结实验,运用XRD、偏光显微镜、电子探针等手段,定量分析研究了原料组分中MgO、Al₂O₃对烧结矿中铁酸钙的生成及其矿物学特性的影响。原料中MgO含量的增加对铁酸钙的生成有一定抑制作用,尤其在MgO含量为2.0%~3.0%时,烧结矿中铁酸钙含量明显减少,其晶体形态也从以板柱状和针状为主逐渐过渡为它形不规则状;原料中Al₂O₃的增加,对烧结矿中铁酸钙的形成具有促进作用,即随着Al₂O₃的增加铁酸钙含量呈明显增加趋势,且铁酸钙的形态也由以柱状和针状为主向板柱状变化。电子探针成分分析及矿物化学式计算结果表明,铁酸钙是由Fe₂O₃、CaO、SiO₂、Al₂O₃及MgO组成的复杂结晶体,其化学通式为Ca_2.60Mg_0.44Si_1.07Al_0.96Fe_8.92O₂₀。原料中MgO、Al₂O₃含量的变化,对铁酸钙的化学成分中Fe₂O₃/CaO摩尔分数比影响不大,均接近3∶2。上述研究结果对于深刻理解烧结工艺条件下铁酸钙晶相的晶体化学特征及其对烧结矿质量的影响具有重要指导意义。     

湖北竹山杨家堡组硅质岩成因及沉积环境分析

竹山地区位于扬子陆块北缘,寒武纪早期发育一套深水硅质岩系。该岩系由纯硅质岩夹少量白云岩、页岩所组成。硅质岩中微晶石英含量均超过85%,还含有少量碳质、燧石及微量绢云母。地球化学分析表明,该硅质岩的SiO₂含量较高,平均为93.4%;Al₂O₃和TiO₂含量较低,分别为0.19%~1.45%和0.01%~0.09%,TFe₂O₃为0.053%~0.342%,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值为0.58~0.83,平均为0.71,Eu/Eu*为0.74~3.61,平均为1.65,表明其硅质主要来源于生物本身或其生命活动产物,海底热液活动亦提供了一部硅质物质;同时,硅质岩具有较低的TFe₂O₃/TiO₂比值(2.16~12.56,平均值为5.86)和Al₂O₃/(Al₂O₃+Fe₂O₃)比值(0.65~0.87,平均值为0.78),Y的正异常(Y/Ho值为34.81~60.19,平均为47.0)及Ce的负异常(Ce/Ce*值为0.28~0.92),表明它们形成于远离陆源物质干扰的边缘海盆环境,且Ce负异常从底部到顶部有逐渐减小的趋势,记录了寒武纪时期扬子北缘被动陆缘裂谷盆地不断扩大,水体逐渐变深的过程。     

Garnetization as a ground preparation process for copper mineralization: evidence from the Mazraeh skarn deposit, Iran

The Mazraeh Cu–Fe skarn deposit, NW Iran is the result of the intrusion of an Oligocene–Miocene granitic pluton into Cretaceous calcareous rocks. The pluton ranges in composition from monzonite to quartz monzonite, monzogranite, tonalite and granodiorite with I-type, calc-alkaline, and weakly peraluminous characteristics. The Mazraeh pluton was emplaced in a volcanic arc setting in an active continental margin at a depth of ~8 km. Pyroxene skarn, garnet skarn, and epidote skarn zones were formed during the intrusive phase. The garnet skarn developed as exoskarn and endoskarn from the calcareous wall rocks and the pluton, respectively, prior to mineralization. Garnet skarn from the exoskarn zone is identified by relict layering inherited from the precursor calcareous lithologies. Mass balance calculation of garnet skarn in the endoskarn zone indicates that hydrothermal fluids originating from the cooling magma introduced Si, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, P, Ag, Cu, Zn, La, Pb, Cd, Mo, and Y. The main mass loss in the garnet skarn was due to destruction of feldspars in the Mazraeh plutonic rocks and leaching of K₂O and Na₂O. Released Ca has been fixed in the andraditic garnet. Garnetization of the Mazraeh pluton was accompanied by mass and volume increase. The magnitude of these changes depends mainly on the degree of alteration and composition of the precursor. The brittle behavior of the endoskarn zone was increased due to formation of massive garnet which subsequently fractured. These fractures not only facilitated movement of hydrothermal fluids but also provided new locations for Cu mineralization. Therefore locating strongly garnetized zones may be a vector to ore in skarn deposits.     

辽宁本溪大台沟铁矿地球化学特征及其地质意义

通过主量元素和稀土元素相结合的方法,对大台沟铁矿成矿物质来源提出了有效制约.研究表明：大台沟铁矿化学成分主要由TFe₂O₃和SiO₂组成,并且具有较低的Al₂O₃和TiO₂含量,这一特征与鞍本地区及山西五台山和冀东迁安地区铁矿一致,表明大台沟铁矿为火山沉积变质铁矿.稀土元素呈现轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集的特征,具有明显的Eu正异常特征,这些特征表明成矿物质来源于火山热液和海水的混合液.     

安徽新桥矿床矿相学与Fe同位素特征及其对矿床成因的制约

对安徽新桥矿床进行系统的野外地质调查和矿相学研究发现,层状矿体中的胶状黄铁矿交代矽卡岩磁铁矿矿体,为探讨层状硫化物矿床是早期沉积成因还是岩浆热液成因提供了新的地质约束。对铜陵矿集区内的新桥矿床层状菱铁矿矿体和凤凰山矽卡岩型矿体中的菱铁矿开展了Fe同位素组成的对比研究,结果显示：新桥矿床菱铁矿与典型低温热液脉型矿床和沉积铁矿中的菱铁矿在Fe同位素组成特征上有所不同,而与凤凰山矽卡岩型矿床中的菱铁矿更为接近;新桥矿床中胶状黄铁矿和菱铁矿相对于磁铁矿富集Fe的轻同位素,表明磁铁矿不是过去认为的由胶状黄铁矿和菱铁矿矿胚层经热液改造形成,而是与典型的岩浆热液有关。新桥矿区层状硫化物矿体和矽卡岩型矿体中,近岩体矽卡岩和最早形成的金属矿物磁铁矿比岩体更为富集Fe的轻同位素,而赋矿围岩比岩体更为富集Fe的重同位素。同时,不同矿化阶段形成的含铁矿物和不同空间位置的硫化物中的Fe同位素组成呈现出时空分带现象,Fe同位素组成的时空演化特征与流体出溶、流体演化非常一致,并且符合同位素分馏的基本理论,表明层状硫化物矿体和矽卡岩型矿体具有相同的成矿物质来源,为同一流体体系演化的产物。新桥矿区岩相学的研究结果和Fe同位素组成特征均表明,新桥层状硫化物矿床不是海西期喷流沉积成矿作用的产物,而是燕山期热液成矿作用的产物,为一个典型的热液成因矿床。     

Dissolution–reprecipitation process of magnetite from the Chengchao iron deposit: Insights into ore genesis and implication for in-situ chemical analysis of magnetite

Magnetite formed in different environments commonly has distinct assemblages and concentrations of trace elements that can potentially be used as a genetic indicator of this mineral and associated ore deposits. In this paper, we present textural and compositional data of magnetite from the Chengchao iron deposit, Daye district, China to provide a better understanding in the formation mechanism and genesis of the deposit and shed light on analytical protocols for in-situ chemical analysis of hydrothermal magnetite. Magnetite grains from the ore-related granitoid pluton, mineralized endoskarn, magnetite-dominated exoskarn, and vein-type iron ores hosted in marine carbonate intruded by the pluton were examined using scanning electron microscopy and analyzed for major and trace elements using electron microprobe. Back-scattered electron images reveal that primary magnetite from the mineralized skarns and vein-type ores were all partly reequilibrated with late-stage hydrothermal fluids, forming secondary magnetite domains that are featured by abundant porosity and have sharp contact with the primary magnetite. These textures are interpreted as resulting from a dissolution–reprecipitation process of magnetite, which, however, are mostly obscure under optically.Primary magnetite grains from the mineralized endoskarn and vein-type ores contain high SiO₂ (0.92–3.21 wt.%), Al₂O₃ (0.51–2.83 wt.%), and low MgO (0.15–0.67 wt.%), whereas varieties from the exoskarn ores have high MgO (2.76–3.07 wt.%) and low SiO₂ (0.03–0.23 wt.%) and Al₂O₃ (0.54–1.05 wt.%). This compositional contrast indicates that trace-element geochemical composition of magnetite is largely controlled by the compositions of magmatic fluids and host rocks of the ores that have reacted with the fluids. Compared to its precursor mineral, secondary magnetite is significantly depleted in most trace elements, with SiO₂ deceasing from 1.87 to 0.47 wt.% (on average) and Al₂O₃ from 0.89 to 0.08 wt.% in mineralized endoskarn and vein type ores, and MgO from 2.87 to 0.60 wt.% in exoskarn ores. On the contrary, average content of iron is notably increased from 69.2 wt.% to 71.9 wt.% in the secondary magnetite grains. The results suggest that the dissolution–reprecipitation process has been important in significantly removing trace elements from early-stage magnetite to form high-grade, high-quality iron ores in hydrothermal environments. The textural and compositional data confirm that the Chengchao iron deposit is of hydrothermal origin, rather than being crystallized from immiscible iron oxide melts as previously suggested. This study also highlights the importance of textural characterization using various imaging techniques before in-situ chemical analysis of magnetite, as is the case for texturally complicated UTh-bearing accessory minerals that have been widely used for UPb geochronology study.     

Geological, geochemical characteristics and isotope systematics of the Longqiao iron deposit in the Lu-Zong volcano-sedimentary basin, Middle-Lower Yangtze (Changjiang) River Valley, Eastern China

The Middle-Lower Yangtze (Changjiang) River Valley metallogenic belt is located on the northern margin of the Yangtze Craton of eastern China. Most polymetallic deposits in the Changjiang metallogenic belt are clustered in seven districts where magmatism of Mesozoic age (Yanshanian tectono-thermal event) is particularly extensive. From west to east these districts are: E-dong, Jiu-Rui, Anqing-Guichi, Lu-Zong, Tong-Ling, Ning-Wu and Ning-Zhen. World-class iron ore deposits occur in the Lu-Zong and Ning-Wu ore clusters, which are mainly located in continental fault-bound volcanic-sedimentary basins. One of these deposits is the Longqiao iron deposit, discovered in the northern part of the Lu-Zong Basin in 1985. This deposit consists of a single stratabound and stratiform orebody, hosted in sedimentary carbonate rocks of the Triassic Dongma'anshan Formation. A syenite pluton (Longqiao intrusion) is situated below the deposit. The iron ore is massive and disseminated and the ore minerals are mainly magnetite and minor pyrite. Wall rock alteration mostly consists of skarn minerals, such as diopside, garnet, potassic feldspar, quartz, chlorite, phlogopite and anhydrite. Thin sedimentary siderite beds of Triassic age occur as relict laminated ore at the top and the margin of the magnetite orebody. These sideritic laminae are part of Triassic evaporite-bearing carbonate deposits (Dongma'anshan Formation).Sulfur isotopic compositions show that the sulfur in the deposit was derived from a mixture of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and carbonate–evaporite host rocks. Similarly, the C and O isotopic compositions of limestones from the Dongma'anshan Formation indicate that these rocks interacted with magmatic hydrothermal fluids. The O isotopic compositions of the syenitic rocks and minerals from the deposit show that the hydrothermal magnetite and skarn minerals were formed from magmatic fluids. The Pb isotopic compositions of sulfides are similar to those of the Longqiao syenite. Phlogopite coexisting with magnetite in the magnetite ores yielded a plateau age of 130.5 ± 1.1 Ma (2σ), whereas the LA-ICP MS age of the syenite intrusion is 131.1 ± 1.5 Ma, which is slightly older than the age of phlogopite.The Longqiao syenite intrusion may have crystallized from a parental alkaline magma, generated by partial melting of lithospheric mantle, during extensional tectonics. The ore fluids were probably first derived from magma at depth, later emplaced in the sedimentary rocks of the Dongma'anshan Formation, where it interacted with siderite and evaporite-bearing carbonate strata, resulting in the formation of magnetite and skarn minerals. The Longqiao iron deposit is a skarn-type stratabound and stratiform mineral system, genetically and temporally related to the Longqiao syenite intrusion. The Longqiao syenite is part of the widespread Mesozoic intracontinental magmatism (Yanshanian event) in eastern China, which has been linked to lithospheric delamination and asthenospheric upwelling.     

个旧老厂Sn-Cu矿床内外接触带矿体原生晕分带与深部矿体预测模型

矿床的原生晕通常形成在矿体周围,与蚀变矿物和矿石矿物同时形成。矿床原生晕的分带规律能够提供较为准确的找矿目标。一些金属矿床的原生晕具有示踪隐伏矿体的作用,从而为探测深埋矿体提供了重要的线索。老厂大型锡多金属矿床是个旧巨型锡多金属矿床的重要组成部分,以广泛发育夕卡岩化矿化为其特征。根据其空间分布夕卡岩矿化可分为两类:内夕卡岩矿化和外夕卡岩矿化。前者发生在侵入体内蚀变带,后者主要形成于侵入体附近的蚀变碳酸盐岩中。它们在地球化学特征上有以下异同:(1)内夕卡岩和外夕卡岩矿体的轴向分带序列(从矿体的头部到尾部)分别为Ag-As-Bi-Cu-F-Pb-Sn-Zn-B→Ba-Co-Cr-Ni-Sb-V→Be-Mo-W和F-B-Ba-W→Cu-Sb-Be-Cr→Sn-Pb-Zn-Ni-Ag→Co-Mo-Bi-As。这表明异常元素的种类具有高度一致性,但轴向分带序列存在很大差异。(2)统计分析表明内夕卡岩矿化具有三种主要成矿元素组合:(a)As-B-Be-Co-Sn组合代表发育在花岗岩内蚀变带的云英岩化有关的锡石-硫化物-电气石蚀变矿化组合;(b)Mo-W代表与高温夕卡岩化相关的辉钼矿-白钨矿矿化组合;(c)Ag-Pb-Cu-Zn代表后期叠加于内蚀变带角银矿-方铅矿-闪锌矿-黄铜矿矿化组合。(3)外夕卡岩矿化也具有三种主要成矿元素组合:(a)Ag-Bi-Sn-Cu代表发育在外夕卡岩带角银矿-辉铋矿-黄锡矿(锡石)-黄铜矿中低温矿化组合;(b)As-Zn-Pb代表发育在外夕卡岩带毒砂-闪锌矿-方铅矿中温硫化物组合;(c)F-Be-W-Mo代表靠近侵入体一侧萤石-绿柱石-白钨矿-辉钼矿高温矿化组合。上述表明矿化具有多期多阶段特点。最后,在原生晕轴向分带序列的基础上,分别建立了内、外夕卡岩带深部矿体预测模型,为深部成矿预测提供强有力工具。     

黔东注溪黑色岩系地球化学特征及矿化富集规律

目前急需分析黔东注溪钒矿形成的环境、成矿的物质来源以及矿化富集规律,指导实际地质勘查工作.系统研究了注溪矿区内中洞、老屋基和坪哨3个典型岩性剖面中黑色岩含矿岩系及矿层的全岩主微量元素组成.结果表明,含矿岩系具有较高的SiO₂、MnO、Ce/Ce*和Eu/Eu*值,而矿层则含相对较高的Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃、TiO₂、CaO、Na₂O、K₂O、P₂O₅、V₂O₅、REE、As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Mo、Ni、Ti、Cr、Rb、Sr、Th、U和V.含矿岩系与矿层的主微量地球化学特征显示注溪钒矿床的成矿物源具有一定程度陆源物质的输入,且在成矿阶段受到了热水作用及生物作用的影响.另外,由南至北各剖面的热水成矿作用逐渐减弱;含矿岩系及矿层沉积环境均属缺氧环境,其中坪哨剖面的矿层沉积环境的缺氧程度要高于其他剖面.因此,注溪钒矿床钒富集成矿主要受古环境的还原条件和热液活动的影响,其中还原环境对钒元素的富集成矿起主要作用.据此推测坪哨剖面矿层形成时的海水深度应最深,北矿段中洞剖面的最浅;喷流热水带来的V等大量多金属元素在喷口及其附近大规模成矿.      

青海东昆仑洪水河铁矿床新元古代含铁建造铁同位素特征及其成因意义

青海省东昆仑造山带洪水河铁矿床为一中型铁矿床,其含铁建造产于狼牙山组千枚岩中,矿石类型主要为块状磁铁石英岩型,少量为条带状磁铁石英岩型,前人一般认为其属于沉积变质型铁矿床。本文在前人研究基础上,对洪水河铁矿区含铁建造中块状铁矿石进行了铁同位素、主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素分析。结果显示：除1件样品外,其余含铁建造样品的铁同位素δ56FeIRMM014均介于0.97‰~1.97‰之间,和全球典型新元古代含铁建造的Fe同位素特征基本一致;铁矿石的SiO₂+Fe₂O₃质量分数高达78.56%~98.06%,具有极低的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值（0.00~0.06）,为典型的化学沉积岩;总稀土元素（w (∑REE)）变化范围为(16.49~80.89)×10^-6,没有明显的Ce异常(Ce/Ce*为0.93~1.05),轻稀土元素轻微亏损,显示出类似新元古代含铁建造型的特点。综合对比洪水河铁矿区含铁建造的Fe同位素组成、沉积时代和地球化学特征,推断洪水河铁矿区含铁建造的沉积环境为新元古代柴达木—东昆北陆块的被动大陆边缘构造环境,铁等成矿物质主要来源于海相热液流体;富含Fe²+的海相热液流体上涌并逐渐演变为低温热液后在亚氧化水体环境中与含氧海水混合,最后导致Fe²+被部分氧化并形成氢氧化铁,氢氧化铁逐渐沉积在大陆斜坡上最终形成含铁建造。洪水河铁矿的成因类型可划归为拉皮坦型新元古代含铁建造。