阿尔金北缘尧勒萨依片麻岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

阿尔金北缘尧勒萨依片麻岩分布于尧勒萨依河中下游,主要岩性为黑云二长花岗片麻岩。为确定该地区侵入岩形成时代、成因和构造背景,本文对其进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究。研究区花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,其形成年龄为927±3 Ma,时代为新元古代早期青白口纪。其具高硅(SiO_2=71%～73.96%)、富碱[(Na_2O+K_2O)=6.61%～8.00%]的特征,岩石里特曼指数σ=1.41～2.09,属钙碱性系列;铝过饱和指数(A/CNK)=1.01～1.25,为过铝质系列岩石;富集Rb、K、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ti、P、Ta等高场强元素,具有典型的大陆碰撞型花岗岩特征;稀土总量高,其中轻稀土元素富集,轻、重稀土元素分馏较明显((La/Yb)_N=7.53～8.13),Eu负异常明显(δEu=0.40～0.68),总体呈"右倾海鸥型"稀土配分模式,具典型地壳重熔型花岗岩特征。根据原岩判别图,推测其为变质砂岩部分熔融的产物。结合区域资料,认为尧勒萨依片麻岩应该形成于同碰撞晚期的构造地质环境。     

阿尔金北缘尧勒萨依花岗岩的成因及构造意义:锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学制约

尧勒萨依花岗岩出露于阿尔金北缘西段尧勒萨依河下游至河口一带,岩性为黑云二长花岗岩。为确定尧勒萨依花岗岩形成时代、成因和构造环境,本文从岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学方面进行研究。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,显示年龄为240±2 Ma,形成时代为中生代早期晚三叠世。其高硅(SiO;=69.68%~70.64%)、富碱(Na;O+K;O)=9.61%~9.87%,里特曼指数σ=3.34~3.63,呈碱性;铝饱和指数(A/CNK)=0.73~0.80,属准铝质;大离子亲石元素U、Th、K、Rb等相对富集,高场强元素Ti、P、Ta、Nb等相对亏损;稀土含量较高,相对富集轻稀土且分馏明显,(La/Yb);=79.80~88.40,Eu弱亏损(δEu=0.79~0.85)。根据岩体成因类型及区域构造演化特征,认为尧勒萨依花岗岩为壳幔混合的Ⅰ型花岗岩,形成于阿尔金断裂走滑局部应力释放的伸展环境。     

北祁连山中段北大坂岩体成因及构造环境讨论

运用岩石学的研究方法对出露于北祁连造山带中段北大坂一带的北大坂岩体进行岩石及元素分析结果表明:其岩性为斑状粗粒二长花岗岩、粗中粒二长花岗岩及中细粒二长花岗岩,含少量黑云母、角闪石及榍石,属钾质钙碱性花岗岩类;主量元素w(SiO2)=63.66%～74.38%,w(K2O)/w(Na2O)=2.61～3.31,总体为高钾钙碱性弱过铝质花岗岩,岩石富集LILE元素(Rb,Th,K等),亏损HFSE元素(Y,Yb,Ta,Nb等),稀土元素分配模式为轻稀土富集型,具中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.59～0.82)。微量、稀土元素分配模式与北祁连西段的金佛寺岩体(碰撞型花岗岩)基本一致。单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为414Ma±4Ma,综合分析认为北大坂岩体形成于同碰撞末-后碰撞初期的构造转换期,岩浆源区为下地壳。     

东秦岭南召县五朵山岩体二云母花岗岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及地质意义

秦岭造山带地处华北板块与扬子板块结合带,经历了复杂的构造演化过程,其板块拼合机制及碰撞时限一直备受争议.对东秦岭南召县五朵山岩体二云母花岗岩进行岩石地球化学和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究,结果表明岩石具有高硅（SiO₂=69.32%~74.28%）、高铝（Al₂O₃=14.14~17.28）、高碱含量（Na₂O+K₂O=7.68%~9.03%）等特征,且相对富钾贫钠,在岩石类型上属于强过铝质"S"型花岗岩类.岩石具有中等的稀土元素含量,呈现轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的右倾配分模式,中等的负Eu异常,富集K、Rb、Th等大离子亲石元素,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素,表明南召县二云母花岗岩可能形成于陆陆碰撞所导致的陆壳加厚环境.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb分析结果表明,二云母花岗岩锆石均具有明显的韵律环带,Th/U比值均大于0.4,暗示岩浆成因特征,206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为433±2 Ma;结合构造环境特征,表明东秦岭南召地区在早志留世末期由俯冲环境转换为陆陆碰撞环境.      

阿尔金南缘榴辉岩带中花岗片麻岩的时代及构造环境探讨

阿尔金南缘江尕勒萨依一带榴辉岩的围岩花岗片麻岩具有高SiO2（〉70％）、高铝（Al2O3〉13％）和高碱（ALK=7．52-8．91）的特征，铝饱和度指数ASI=1．10～1．27，属于钙碱性过铝质花岗质岩石；岩石强烈富集大离子亲石元素Rb和Th，中等富集K和Ba，亏损高场强元素Nb，Zr，Hf，Y和Yb；具典型大陆碰撞型花岗岩相应的元素丰度特征；岩石的稀土元素含量较高，轻、重稀土分馏明显，总体呈右倾的“V”型稀土配分模式，显示壳源型花岗岩特征；在R1-R2构造环境判别图上落于同碰撞花岗岩区。锆石的阴极发光图像和微量元素分析结果显示了典型岩浆钻石的特征，利用LA-ICP-MS方法进行锆石微区U-Pb同位素定年，得到^206Pb/^238U加权平均年龄值为923±13Ma，表明江尕勒萨依花岗片麻岩的原岩形成时代为新元古代早期。阿尔金新元古代同碰撞花岗岩的确定，不仪明确了新元古代早期陆块汇聚在该区的存在，而且对区内新元古代早期造山作用的鉴别，重塑西部古大陆的演化历史、构造格架以及探讨它们之间的关系都有十分重要的意义，同时对于深入探讨区内高压-超高压岩石与围岩之间的相互关系提供了重要的约束资料。     

卡而却卡地区新元古代变质侵入岩体的发现及其地质意义

卡而却卡地区地处东昆仑祁漫塔格成矿带内。通过对卡而却卡地区花岗片麻岩的岩石学、地球化学、同位素年代学的研究表明,区内原厘定的花岗片麻岩应为新元古代花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年研究结果显示岩体侵位时代为910Ma±3Ma,时代为新元古代青白口纪;岩石具高SiO_2、Al_2O_3、K_2O,贫FeO、MgO、CaO特点;稀土元素分布模式为轻稀土富集,Eu中等亏损;岩石中不相容微量元素K、Rb、Ba、Th等强烈富集,Nb、Zr、Ce、Ta、Hf等富集一般,Y弱亏损。以上特征表明,岩石属于高钾钙碱性S型花岗岩,岩浆来源于陆壳部分熔融,形成于同碰撞环境,是东昆仑地区响应Rodinia超大陆汇聚事件的物质记录。     

大兴安岭北段索图罕地区碱长花岗岩成因及形成构造背景

本文对大兴安岭北段索图罕地区碱长花岗岩进行了系统的全岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb同位素年代学的研究,并探讨了其成因和构造意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,花岗岩形成于早白垩世,年龄为（139.50±0.56）Ma。岩石地球化学结果显示,索图罕林场碱长花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性的A型花岗岩,岩石具有富硅和碱、贫CaO和MgO的特征,岩石稀土元素质量分数较高,相对富集轻稀土元素,具有明显的负Eu异常,富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素,稀土元素配分图解具有右斜"V"字形的特征。索图罕林场碱长花岗岩为弱过铝质A型花岗岩,来源于地壳物质的部分熔融。样品微量元素构造判别图解落入后碰撞区域,代表伸展环境。结合区域地质特征,认为该碱长花岗岩的形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的岩石圈伸展相关。     

皖南休宁县里东坑似斑状花岗闪长岩成岩成矿特征分析

提要：通过野外考察、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb测年和Re-Os同位素测试等手段,对里东坑似斑状花岗闪长岩及钼矿床的成因类型、成岩机制以及与壳幔作用的关系进行了分析讨论。测试结果显示：赋矿似斑状花岗闪长岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（153.01±0.90） Ma（MSWD=1.14）,辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄为（144.9±1.9） Ma（MSWD=2.0）,成岩与成矿均发生于燕山早期。主微量元素分析结果显示：岩石富Si和K,贫Mg、Ca、P等元素,具有高Rb、低Yb+Ta的特征,稀土元素具有轻微负Eu异常,轻稀土富集;辉钼矿样品Re含量主要介于24.17～27.92μg.g-1。说明赋矿似斑状花岗闪长岩具有I型花岗岩的特征,并经历了壳幔混合作用,判断里东坑似斑状花岗闪长岩为碰撞花岗岩类,形成于挤压背景,具备良好的成矿条件。     

藏南库局淡色花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学特征及地质意义

库局淡色花岗岩大地构造上位于喜马拉雅特提斯造山带中东部,淡色花岗岩呈不规则状、近椭球状侵位于古生代热拉岩组中。其中白云母二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为21±0.3Ma(MSWD=4.3),时代为中新世。岩石具有高SiO_2、富Al_2O_3与K_2O,贫CaO、MgO、TiO的特征。A/CNK=1.03～1.15(平均1.13),3属于高钾钙碱性系列过铝质岩石。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布曲线总体显示向右倾斜的轻稀土富集Eu亏损型。大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti呈现低谷负异常,显示具同碰撞S型花岗岩特征,成岩岩浆源自地壳。结合最新资料及本文研究成果,初步认为库局淡色花岗岩形成于STDS启动之后的伸展减薄背景下,为印度板块和欧亚大陆碰撞过程中地壳物质部分熔融的产物。     

柴北缘牛鼻子梁地区花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学研究

柴北缘牛鼻子梁地区的花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石地球化学研究结果表明,该花岗闪长岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb谐和年龄为393.2~395.6Ma,对应的加权平均年龄为(394.4±2.4)Ma,表明该岩石形成于中泥盆世。岩石主量元素具有较高的SiO_2(65.70%~69.22%)和Al_2O_3(14.96%~16.03%)、较低的MgO(1.37%~1.89%)含量,A/CNK值为0.95~0.98,属于钙碱性、准铝质系列,具有I型花岗岩的特征,表明其岩浆起源于下地壳部分熔融。岩石稀土总量较高,无明显的Eu异常(δEu=0.95~1.30),富集轻稀土元素和K、Rb、Ba、U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损重稀土元素和Nb、Ta、Ti、Th、Zr等高场强元素。综上可知,岩石具有碰撞后花岗岩的地球化学特征属性,结合区内晚泥盆世牦牛山组陆相火山岩和区域构造演化特征,认为牛鼻子梁地区的花岗闪长岩形成于柴达木地块与南祁连地块碰撞后的伸展环境。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)