真空电磁破碎器粉碎盐岩颗粒及稀有气体同位素组成测量的实验研究

应用真空电磁破碎装置,进行了提取盐岩颗粒中气液包裹体的实验研究。结果说明,粉碎率与样量、击打次数、盐岩颗粒的含水量有关。包裹体气体组分经净化、分离出He、Ne、Ar后,再依次测试它们的同位素组成。     

辽宁宽甸新生代火山岩和地幔包体的稀有气体同位素组成及其演化意义

通过对宽甸新生代碱性玄武岩、地幔包体及辉石巨晶的稀有气体同位素组成的分析，认为不同岩性稀有气体含量的差异反映了岩浆作用过程中轻、重稀有气体的分馏特性，较轻的稀有气体(He、Ne)比较重的稀有气体(Kr、xe)具有更高的活动性和不相容性；该地区上地幔源区具有典型的MORB型源区特征，以辉石巨晶为代表；地幔包体的^3He／^4He值较低，可能是地幔流体交代作用造成的；大陆碱性玄武岩具有与大洋玄武岩截然不同的He同位素组成，反映了大陆区地幔岩浆上升过程中受到了陆壳物质混染。地幔源区^40Ar／^36Ar值为350左右，二辉橄榄岩和碱性火山岩的^40Ar／^36Ar值比大气略高，可能有大气组分的混合。部分样品中有^21Ne、^22Ne、^129Xe、^134Xe和^136Xe相对于大气的过剩现象，是核成因造成的。     

山东地区新生代不同类型幔源样品中稀有气体同位素组成与成因

稀有气体是地球流体源区信息的有效示踪剂.利用热熔融法对山东地区幔源巨晶、包体全岩及其单矿物以及寄主玄武岩等幔源样品中稀有气体的测试表明,不同类型样品具有明显不同的稀有气体同位素组成,特别是He同位素比值差异明显.巨晶和包体单矿物中的n(3He)/ n(4He)值分别为0.87～11.31Ra、0.911 ～10.11Ra,均值分别为6.1Ra和3.73Ra,主体介于地幔一大气一地壳源区之间;包体全岩中n(3He)/ n(4He)值0.19 ～ 2.30Ra(均值为1.05 Ra),且均低于相应单矿物中该比值;而玄武岩中n(3He)/ n(4He)值全为10-8数量级,与地壳均值无异.各类幔源样品中n(4Ar)/n(36 Ar)值无明显差异,介于296.4～864.3,高于大气但远低于典型地幔值.所获有限数据中,不同类型样品中n(2Ne)/n(2Ne)值均高于大气,具幔源特征,其中包体全岩及其单矿物n(2Ne)／n(22Ne)值分别为10.19 ～12.42和10.55～11.80,无明显差异;玄武岩中该值介于11.07～13.10,总体高于包体全岩及其单矿物.上述比值特征的差异反映了不同类型幔源样品各自不同的成因和演化特征:巨晶和包体单矿物中的轻稀有气体同位素组成主要反映了由于古板块俯冲所导致的岩浆源区地幔一大气／地壳的昆合特征,个别样品中可能存在宇宙成因3He;除单矿物中所体现的源区混合特征外,包体全岩还存在放射成因4He;而玄武岩在喷出地表后丢失大量地幔稀有气体信息,其同位素组成主要体现了放射成因4He的影响.     

CCSD中HP-UHP岩石稀有气体同位素地球化学及其对板块折返过程的示踪意义

利用高真空气相质谱系统测定了CCSD中HP-UHP变质岩中主要造岩矿物流体包裹体的稀有气体同位素组成,得出其3He/4He为(0.004~0.775)×10-6,相应R/Ra为0.003~0.553,40Ar/36Ar变化较大,为316.2~11358.8,高于大气40Ar/36Ar(295.5);20Ne/22Ne和21Ne/22Ne分别为9.47~12.4和0.026~0.051,而134Xe/132Xe和136Xe/132Xe分别为0.376~0.484和0.324~0.416,均高于其相应大气值。CCSD中HP-UHP岩石主要造岩矿物的He-Ar、Xe和Ne等同位素组成清楚显示其中流体包裹体主要由地壳变质流体和少量大气饱和水组成,而深源地幔流体组分很低,其中He主要来自地壳,Ar主要由壳源放射性成因40Ar*和少量(平均32.6%)大气Ar混合组成,少量Ne和Xe可能来自地幔。CCSD中HP-UHP岩石具有F40Ar相似文献   

3He/4 He比值质谱计的研制与应用

本文介绍了本课题组研制的国内第一台用于地学气体样品测定的NG-1000型3He/4He比值质谱计.该质谱计具有小的静态容积,分辨率和灵敏度高及重现性等良好的分析性能.利用该质谱计测定了我国一些地区气体样品中的3He/4He、4He/20Ne比值.所分析的3He/4He结果与VG-5400型、MM-5400型质谱计外检结果相符.     

~3He/~4He比值质谱计的研制与应用

本文介绍了本课题组研制的国内第一台用于地学气体样品测定的NG 10 0 0型3 He/ 4He比值质谱计。该质谱计具有小的静态容积 ,分辨率和灵敏度高及重现性等良好的分析性能。利用该质谱计测定了我国一些地区气体样品中的3 He/ 4He、4He/ 2 0 Ne比值。所分析的3 He/ 4He结果与VG 5 40 0型、MM 5 40 0型质谱计外检结果相符。     

辽宁宽甸新生代火山岩和地幔包体He-Ar同位素组成

宽甸新生代碱性玄武岩、地幔包体及辉石巨晶的稀有气体同位素组成和流体含量分析表明，不同岩性稀有气体含量的差异反映了岩浆作用过程中轻、重稀有气体的分馏特性，较轻的稀有气体(He、Ne)比较重的稀有气体(Kr、Xe)具有更高的活动性和不相容性；该地区上地幔源区具有典型的MORB型源区特征，以辉石巨晶为代表；地幔包体的3^He／^4He值较低，可能与地幔上隆过程中富集地幔流体的交代作用或地幔塑性变形作用丢失了部分原始He有关；大陆碱性玄武岩具有与大洋玄武岩截然不同的He同位素组成，反映了大陆区地幔岩浆上升过程中受到了陆壳物质混染。地幔源区^40Ar／^36Ar值为350左右，二辉橄榄岩和碱性火山岩的^40Ar／^36Ar值比大气略高，可能有大气组分的混入。部分样品中有^21Ne、^22Ne、^129Xe、^134Xe和^136Xe相对于大气的过剩现象。     

稀有气体同位素测试技术及其在矿床学研究中的应用

稀有气体包含He、Ne、Ar、Kr、Xe、Rn六种元素,由于其化学性质十分的稳定,一般不参与各种化学反应过程。其在地球不同圈层及地外物质中的丰度和同位素组成差别巨大,是地球科学研究的重要示踪剂。稀有气体同位素组成的测试方法主要有分阶段加热熔融、真空压碎、激光微区熔蚀等气体采集方式,获得的气体经多级纯化后在静态稀有气体同位素质谱中进行测试。在矿床学研究中,作为灵敏示踪剂的稀有气体同位素大多用于判别成矿物质、成矿流体的来源,特别是幔源物质的贡献大小及壳幔相互作用与成矿的关系,用于揭示矿床在成矿各阶段(期)中的物质和流体源区差异,用以追踪和揭示成矿流体的演化、反演成矿过程并在一定程度上指示成矿流体在成矿过程中的行为。稀有气体同位素为精细成矿作用研究、不同矿种成矿作用差异分析、探寻大规模成矿作用提供了重要的科研手段。     

稀有气体同位素对岩浆侵入方向的制约:以夏日哈木镍铜硫化物矿床为例

我国东昆仑造山带新发现的夏日哈木镍铜硫化物矿床是造山带环境产出全球镍资源最大的岩浆镍铜矿床。含矿岩体不同类型岩石中橄榄石和辉石的He、Ne和Ar同位素组成表明:~3He/~4He(0.39~0.03Ra)和~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar比值(292.0~316.9)较低,~(20)Ne/~(22)Ne和~(21)Ne/~(22)Ne沿放射性成因Ne及大陆地壳线分布,表明岩浆起源演化过程中有大陆地壳组分和大气饱和流体在橄榄石结晶前加入。He和Ar同位素混合模型计算表明岩浆中有7.8%再循环洋壳组分和87.7%大气饱和流体的加入,再循环洋壳可能带入了大气及地壳组分。~3He/~4He和~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar比值的自西向东系统性降低,以及微量元素、成矿元素和稀有气体同位素的空间协同变化特征表明地壳物质的逐步加入,即岩浆可能自西向东方向侵入,侵位过程中地壳流体的加入促使硫饱和及硫化物的熔离成矿。     

地幔柱稀有气体同位素示踪研究的进展及其意义

利用地幔柱、上地幔和地壳在稀有气体同位素组成方面的明显差异,国际上在对地幔柱进行示踪和判识方面已取得了良好的效果。地幔柱的3He/4He值大于8～8.5Ra(Ra=1.4×10-6),且高于上地幔和地壳值;地幔柱的20Ne/22Ne值大于等于10.8,与上地幔值接近,但地幔柱的21Ne/22Ne值低于上地幔值;地幔柱的40Ar/36Ar值一般明显低于上地幔值;地幔柱的129Xe/130Xe和136Xe/130Xe值普遍高于上地幔和地壳值,且高于上地幔值约10%以上。中国东部新生代地幔岩的3He/4He值总体在上地幔3He/4He端员值(8±1Ra)的上下变化,与地幔柱的3He/4He值差异较大。大火成岩省(LIP)的形成与深部地幔柱的活动有关,峨眉山玄武岩是中国目前唯一被学术界普遍认可的LIP。开展包括峨眉山玄武岩在内的有关地幔柱稀有气体同位素示踪方面的研究,对于深化中国地幔柱领域的研究和推动大陆动力学研究的进程具有重要意义。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of