黄鳍鲷生长激素cDNA的分子克隆和序列分析

生长激素 (ｇｒｏｗｔｈｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ,ＧＨ)是脊椎动物脑垂体细胞合成和分泌一种单链多肽激素 ,具有促进鱼类生长 ,加速蛋白质的合成 ,提高饲料转化率 ,调节海河洄游性鲑科鱼类的渗透压 ,促进鲑科鱼类对海水的适应能力 ,提高鱼类血液、腺体和肾脏中淋巴细胞的抗病毒能力 ,从而增强鱼体的抗感染能力等作用 ,被认为是最有效的生长促进剂之一 ,具有重要的潜在应用价值。目前 ,国内外已有40多种鱼类的ＧＨ基因被分离和克隆[1,2 ] ,序列分析表明 ,ＧＨ与泌乳刺激素 (ＰＲＬ)、胎盘催乳素(ＰＬ)、生长催乳素 (ＳＬ)具有相似的结构和交叉的功能 ,…     

一株拮抗芒果炭疽菌海洋细菌的鉴定和发酵培养基优化

从湛江近海海水和海泥分离的229株细菌中,选出对芒果炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)具有较强拮抗作用的海洋细菌BSW03,抑菌圈直径为14.0 mm。根据菌体形态、生理生化特性和16s rDNA序列分析,BSW03鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。从9种培养基中筛选出BDPB作为BSW03的发酵培养基,通过单因子碳源、氮源试验和L9(34)正交试验对发酵培养基成分进行优化。结果表明:发酵培养基最佳配方为乳糖20 g/L,牛肉膏15 g/L,K2HPO3.3H2O 0.75 g/L,MgSO4 0.75 g/L,pH自然。转速170 r/min、温度28℃的恒温摇床培养3 d后的无菌发酵液抑菌效果最佳,抑菌圈直径为27.3 mm。     

海洋土曲霉C23-3代谢产物epi-aszonalenin A对内皮细胞的活性机制

【目的】探究海洋土霉菌代谢产物epi-aszonalenin A(EAA)对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导HUVEC人脐静脉内皮细胞的动脉粥样硬化斑块内血管新生的作用。【方法】用CCK法检测细胞活力,DCFH-DA法测定活性氧(ROS)的含量,划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力,血管生成实验检测细胞成管能力,酶联免疫吸附法ELISA试剂盒检测LOX-1和VEGF蛋白表达情况,蛋白免疫印迹法检测MAPK通路、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)的蛋白的表达情况,分子对接模拟EAA与LOX-1蛋白的相互作用。【结果】CCK法证明EAA对HUVEC细胞无明显毒性作用(P>0.05);与空白组相比,EAA对HUVEC细胞的迁移和血管生成起到显著抑制作用(P<0.001);与对照组相比,随着实验组EAA浓度增加,细胞内ROS含量显著减少(P<0.001),LOX-1、VEGF、MAPK通路蛋白p38、JNK、ERK的磷酸化和ICAM-1、VCAM-1的表达也显著降低(P<0.001);此外EAA能与LOX-1形成稳定的相互作用。【结论】EAA能清除ROS,抑制HUVEC细胞炎性因子的表达和血管生成。     

马氏珠母贝Pm-miR-183序列分析及功能研究

用马氏珠母贝基因组序列,通过生物信息学方法获得Pm-miR-183的前体,长度76 bp,具有典型的茎环结构。成熟序列及前体序列的同源性分析均显示较高的种间保守性。Pm-miR-183前体序列(Pm-pre-miR-183)的系统进化树分析,Pm-pre-miR-183与帽贝同源性较高。靶向关系分析,Pm-miR-183与矿化基因及免疫相关基因均存在靶向作用位点。实时荧光定量分析,Pm-miR-183在马氏珠母贝的各组织中均有表达。注射Pm-miR-183mimics进行过表达,Pm-miR-183的表达量在套膜区(MP)中显著上调(P0.05)。扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)检测,Pm-miR-183过表达会导致贝壳珍珠层生长出现紊乱。     

土杂猪SOCS2基因的克隆、生物信息分析及热应激条件下的表达

热应激诱发的免疫抑制是诸多传染性疫病暴发的重要诱因,细胞因子信号传导抑制因子2(SOCS-2)参与炎性反应及癌变等多种病理过程,可能与热应激猪的炎性因子紊乱和免疫抑制有关。克隆土杂猪(长白猪×本地土猪)SOCS2基因c DNA序列,分析其结构特征,研究其在热应激不同时段肠系膜淋巴结、脾脏、胸腺和小肠黏膜等免疫器官中的表达变化。结果表明,SOCS2基因开放阅读框(ORF)长597 bp,编码一由198个氨基酸组成的前体蛋白。该蛋白分子质量22.25 ku,等电点(p I)8.53,与Gen Bank中登录的普通猪、牛、人和小鼠SOCS2序列同源性分别为99.9%、97.5%、96.0%和94.4%,具有1个中央SH2域(Scr-homology 2)、1个长度可变的N端结构域和1个位于C端包含40个氨基酸残基的保守序列(SOCS盒)。荧光定量PCR结果表明,热应激条件下SOCS2表达量发生明显改变,且呈组织和时间依赖性,在猪脾脏和肠系膜淋巴结中的表达量下调,与对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.01),而小肠中SOCS2 m RNA的表达量上调,热应激6 d时达到峰值,6、9 d时与对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。SOCS2有明显的热应激响应,参与猪的热应激致病过程,是潜在的热应激防控干预靶点。     

2种亚洲龙鱼的D-Loop序列结构分析

采用PCR技术对2种亚洲龙鱼的mtDNAD_Loop全序列进行扩增和测序,序列结构分析和序列同源性比对结果表明,2种亚洲龙鱼的mtDNAD_Loop在靠近5’端有3个终止相关序列TAS(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),靠近D_Loop的3’端有4个保守区域CSB1、CSB2、CSB3、CSB-D。在终止相关序列和保守区域之间是连续重复区域。经DNASP4.0软件分析,全序列中检测出多态位点数(S)为26,其中有17个转换,核苷酸多样性(Pi)为0.013,平均核苷酸差异数(K)为17.333。     

3种鱼皮的基本成分及氨基酸组成分析

对军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum Linnaeus)皮、罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)皮、黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)皮的基本成分、氨基酸组成及胶原蛋白含量进行了分析。结果表明:三种鱼皮的粗蛋白质量分数分别为28.53%、33.14%、32.66%;氨基酸组成相似,其中甘氨酸含量(以残基计)最高,分别为32.9%、33.2%、34.6%,其次是丙氨酸,约占总氨基酸的14.1%、12.2%、12.7%;胶原蛋白的特征氨基酸——脯氨酸含量分别为10.8%、11.2%、11.2%;军曹鱼、罗非鱼及金枪鱼鱼皮胶原蛋白质量分数分别为20.09%、20.65%、22.64%(以湿基计),约占其粗蛋白的70.42%,62.30%和69.33%。     

鱼干曲霉菌分离株鉴定及产毒特性

【目的】探明湛江市售鱼干中曲霉菌(Aspergillus spp.)分离株产AFB₁的特性。【方法】采用马铃薯-葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)对鱼干中的曲霉菌进行分离纯化,根据菌落形态、显微形态观察和ITS序列分析对分离株进行鉴定,采用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法分析菌株的AFB₁合成量。【结果】鱼干中曲霉菌的分离率高达47.66%,经形态学鉴定发现以黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)A03、烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)H32、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)M23、欧式曲霉(Aspergillus europaeus)M11、棘孢曲霉(Aspergillus aculeatus)B21等为主,其中红笛鲷干(Lutjanus sanguinaus)中黄曲霉菌的含量高达1200 CFU/g。黄曲霉A03在红笛鲷干培养基中常温(27~30℃)培养21 d,产AFB₁能力达到3.8 ng/mL。【结论】鱼干中存在产AFB₁的黄曲霉菌,警示鱼干中存在AFB₁污染的风险。     

裂叶喜林芋叶斑病菌的鉴定与生物学特性

,为确定广东湛江的裂叶喜林芋叶片出现的一种新叶斑病病原菌,从典型症状病叶组织分离得到纯培养物,测定其致病性,并根据形态学特征和ITS序列进行鉴定,将该病菌鉴定为芒果新壳梭孢菌Neofusicoccum mangiferae(Syd.P.Syd.)Crous,SlippersA.J.L.Phillips。结果表明,马铃薯葡萄糖培养基(PDA)和Czapek-Dox培养基(CDM)最有利于病原菌生长,培养5 d后,菌落直径均为87.0 mm;病原菌生长的最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为L-丙氨酸;病原菌生长最适温度范围为20~30℃,最适生长p H为8;光照处理对病原菌生长影响差异显著,黑暗培养有利于病原菌生长,光照有利于病原菌产孢。     

冲绳日本绒螯蟹线粒体DNA 12S rRNA序列的研究

采集日本冲绳源河川和边野古川的日本绒螯蟹样品 ,参考果蝇与蚤状氵蚤线粒体 DNA12 Sr RNA基因片段序列进行了其相同片段的引物设计、PCR扩增及序列测定。结果表明冲绳两河川 4只日本绒螯蟹的碱基序列完全相同 ,为 4 58bp,其 A、T、G、C含量分别为 16 0 bp(34.94 % )、 179bp(39.0 8% )、4 9bp(10 .70 % )、70 bp(15.2 8% ) ,同果蝇与蚤状氵蚤相同基因片段的序列含量相似。     

A temporal sliding procedure for ocean wave variational data assimilation and its application

For sequential performance of wave variational data assimilation, we proposed a temporal sliding method in which the temporal overlap is considered. The advantage of this method is that the initial wave spectrum of the optimization process is modified by the observations in latter and former times. This temporal sliding procedure is important for marginal region, such as the China seas, where the duration of assimilation effectiveness is 2-3 days. Experiments were performed in the whole course of Cyclone 9403 (Russ). Around the cyclone center, the maximum value of wave elements did not change much by assimilation, because the extreme value was determined by wind energy input that was not yet optimized. In the area outside the cyclone center, this modification is evident especially for wind wave growth.     

Age and growth of chub mackerel (Xcomber japonicus) in the East China and Yellow Seas using sectioned otolith samples

Although chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) is a primary pelagic fish species, we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas. Age was determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercial purse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawning ground in May 2006. The difference between the assumed birth date of 1st April and date of capture was used to adjust the age determined from counting the number of complete translucent rings. The parameters of three commonly used growth models, the von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz models, were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), the von Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model. The size-at-age and size-at-maturity values were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s, which was caused by heavy exploitation over the last few decades.     

Preliminary study on particulate organic carbon export fluxes in the Bering Sea

During the Second Chinese National Arctic Expedition (CHINARE) from July to September 2003, depth profiles of dissolved and particulate 234Th in upper water columns were collected at two stations of BR03 and BR24 in the Bering Sea. 234Th was sampled by using a traditional Fe(OH)3 co-precipitation technique, which is a reliable approach to 234Th measurement. We observed 234Th excess at station BR03 below the euphotic zone, which was possibly due to the intensive remineralization of particulate matter. Particulate organic carbon (POC) export fluxes were estimated from a one-dimensional irreversible steady state model of 234Th fluxes together with measurements of the POC/234Th ratio on the suspended particles. The POC export fluxes from the euphotic zone were 11.66 and 11.69 mmol C m-2 d-1 at BR03 and BR24 stations,respectively. The ratios of POC fluxes to primary production at the two stations were about 0.5 and 0.59, respectively, probably due to the presence of large phytoplankton (in particular diatoms).     

Age and Growth of Chub Mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） in the East China and Yellow Seas Using Sectioned Otolith Samples

Although chub mackerel (Scomberjaponicus) is a primary pelagic fish species,we have only limited knowledge on itskey life history processes.The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas.Agewas determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercialpurse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawn-ing ground in May 2006.The difference between the assumed birth date of 1 st April and date of capture was used to adjust the agedetermined from counting the number of complete translucent rings.The parameters of three commonly used growth models,the vonBertalanffy,Logistic and Gompertz models,were estimated using the maximum likelihood method.Based on the Akaike InformationCriterion (AIC),the von Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model.The size-at-age and size-at-maturityvalues were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s,which was caused by heavy exploitationover the last few decades.     

EFFECTS OF FISHES ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF CHINESE MITTEN CRAB, ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS

This experiment on the effects of fishes (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Channa argus, Cyprinus carpio) on growth and survival of juvenile Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensis was conducted in cages placed in Bao'an Lake. T-tests showed that effects of fishes on the carapace width growth were not significant as compared with the control (no fish). But the effects of these fishes on crab survival were negative. The causes of negative effects of fishes on crab survival were simply discussed on the basis of food habits. This research was financially supported by the Department of Agriculture (96-008-02-03), P. R. China, and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Key Project: KZ951-A1-102).     

STUDY ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON IN MINNAN-TAIWAN SHOAL

Carbon assimilation rates were determined in situ in the Minnan-Taiwan Shoal with the C-14 tracer method. Seasonal variations of photosynthetic parameters of marine phytoplankton were measured together with determination of Chl a and carbon content, Experimental results indicated that the average carbon-specific carbon accumulation rate is 0.85 d~(-1), mean primary productivity is 0.55 g C (m~2d)~(-1). Temperature effect on the growth of the algae can be described by the modle of Goldman and Carpenter. Supplementation of nutrients brought up by the upwelling in summer caused the observably higher primary productivities in autumn.     

用Kaula线性摄动方法恢复CHAMP重力场模型

介绍了Kau la线性摄动方法的基本原理和算法,基于CHAMP几何法轨道和动力法轨道,给出了利用该方法恢复地球重力场模型的实现过程,分析了Kau la线性摄动方法在实际应用中需要注意的问题。基于德国慕尼黑技术大学提供的一个月的CHAMP几何法轨道和德国GFZ数据中心提供的快速科学轨道,计算出了50×50阶地球重力场模型CHAMP-Kau la1S,并与EIGEN-CG03C、EIGEN-CHAMP03S、EIGEN2、ENIGN1S、EGM96模型进行了比较。结果表明:X ISM-CHAMP1S模型精度明显优于相同阶次EIGEN1S模型,前40阶明显优于EGM96模型,而低于同阶次的EIGEN2和EIGEN-CHAMP03S模型精度。     

Inhibition of Aspergillus parasiticus and cancer cells by marine actinomycete strains

Ten actinomycete strains isolated from the Yellow Sea off China's coasts were identified as belonging to two genera by 16 S r DNA phylogenetic analysis: Streptomyces and Nocardiopsis. Six Streptomyces strains(MA10, 2SHXF01-3, MA35, MA05-2, MA05-2-1 and MA08-1) and one Nocardiopsis strain(MA03) were predicted to have the potential to produce aromatic polyketides based on the analysis of the KSα(ketoacyl-synthase) gene in the type II PKS(polyketides synthase) gene cluster. Four strains(MA03, MA01, MA10 and MA05-2) exhibited significant inhibitory effects on mycelia growth(inhibition rate 50%) and subsequent aflatoxin production(inhibition rate 75%) of the mutant aflatoxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus NFRI-95. The ethyl acetate extracts of the broth of these four strains displayed significant inhibitory effects on mycelia growth, and the IC50 values were calculated(MA03: 0.275 mg m L-1, MA01: 0.106 mg m L-1, MA10: 1.345 mg m L-1 and MA05-2: 1.362 mg m L-1). Five strains(2SHXF01-3, MA03, MA05-2, MA01 and MA08-1) were selected based on their high cytotoxic activities. The ethyl acetate extract of the Nocardiopsis strain MA03 was particularly noted for its high antitumor activity against human carcinomas of the cervix(He La), lung(A549), kidney(Caki-1) and liver(Hep G2)(IC50: 2.890, 1.981, 3.032 and 2.603 μg m L-1, respectively). The extract also remarkably inhibited colony formation of He La cells at an extremely low concentration(0.5 μg m L-1). This study highlights that marine-derived actinomycetes are a huge resource of compounds for the biological control of aflatoxin contamination and the development of novel drugs for human carcinomas.     

Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China VI： The ecological variation process of the phytoplankton

1 INTRODUCTION In a marine area, temporal and special variation in phytoplankton growth is closely related with that of light, water temperature and nutrient. The key study in this paper is how environmental factors in- cluding light, water temperature an…