新疆西天山巴音布鲁克组火山岩地质特征及构造意义

巴音布鲁克组主要分布于新疆西天山那拉提一带,构造上位于伊犁盆地南缘活动带,岩性主要为一套糜棱岩化、碎裂岩化中基性火山岩、正常沉积碎屑岩夹灰岩.火山岩岩石组合以碱性玄武岩-粗安岩-碱性流纹岩为主.岩石化学、地球化学特征表明,该组火山岩属碱性玄武岩系列大西洋型(钠质类型),具洋岛特征.说明当时的古南天山洋已拉张到相当规模.     

西准噶尔夏尔莆岩体岩浆混合岩石化学证据

夏尔莆岩体是西准噶尔地区较典型岩浆混合花岗岩.岩体由寄主岩石(中酸性侵入岩)、微粒镁铁质包体和中基性岩墙群3部分组成.寄主岩石(中酸性侵入岩)与微细粒镁铁质包体具相似岩石化学特征,有明显元素双扩散现象.在图解中,寄主岩石具良好线型岩浆混合演化特征,微细粒镁铁质包体也位于演化趋势上,显示两者具共同成因联系,中基性岩墙群具独立演化趋势,属不同岩浆端元.岩石化学显示的岩浆混合信息与岩相学表现的岩浆混合特征完全吻合,支持岩浆混合成因认识,为解决该岩体成因分歧提供重要依据.     

内蒙古扎鲁特地区毛伊勒吐岩体形成时代及构造环境

通过对宏观地质特征、岩石矿物学特征、岩石化学和地球化学特征、同位素年代学研究,对毛伊勒吐岩体形成时代和构造环境进行了探讨.依据岩石化学分析结果和岩石学特征,认为该岩体为钙碱性岩石.对其中的石英闪长岩进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学测定,²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U表面年龄统计权重平均值为147.97±0.95 Ma,表明毛伊勒吐岩体侵位时代属于晚侏罗世.结合区域地质演化特征分析,该石英闪长岩是在板块碰撞后地壳抬升时期形成的.     

新疆塔什库尔干祖母绿(绿柱石)成矿区域地质背景研究

本文通过对新疆祖母绿(绿柱石)成矿区域地质背景研究,主要对新疆祖母绿矿床产出地层——温泉沟组地层的火山岩的岩石地球化学特征进行了一系列研究、测试、分析,包括岩石化学特征,微量元素特征,稀土元素特征等,确定其构造环境为消减带活动大陆边缘,洋壳向陆壳俯冲形成岛弧之后的弧后拉张环境.总体上为大陆一侧的活动陆缘(或大陆弧)环境...     

内蒙古中部似斑状含榴石花岗岩特征及成因

通过对内蒙古中部新太古代似斑状含榴石花岗岩进行岩相学及岩石地球化学方面的研究,并与黑云片麻岩进行岩石地球化学特征对比,发现两者在宏观地质特征与岩石地球化学特征上具有紧密的继承性,因此认为该花岗岩为新太古代区域变质岩在高级变质作用条件下经历原地经深熔作用、混合岩化作用所形成。     

粤东北回龙岩体的地质地球化学及蚀变特征

粤东北回龙岩体岩性为弱片麻状细粒黑云二长花岗岩,岩石普遍发生白云母化及交代蠕虫结构.副矿物组合属磷灰石-磁铁矿-榍石型.岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素及同位素地球化学特征表明,岩石主要具"S"型花岗岩的特征.岩体的单颗粒锆石年龄为(440±14)×106 a,成岩时代为晚奥陶世.     

乌日尼图钨钼矿矿床特征与早白垩世花岗岩的关系

通过对内蒙古苏尼特左旗乌日尼图铜铅锌钨钼矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、矿床成因类型、岩石化学特征的研究,总结归纳了乌日尼图钨钼矿与小型中酸性岩体的成矿关系、围岩对成矿的控制作用、围岩蚀变类型与成矿的关系、钨钼等多金属矿的地球物理、地球化学特征,以及矿床的区域展布和时间演化规律.指出中生代早白垩世中酸性岩体为本矿区的矿源体,且该岩石类型亦为二连-东乌旗-梨子山成矿带上钼矿的重要矿质来源,是内蒙古草原覆盖区寻找钨钼多金属矿应重点关注的岩石类型.      

河北兴隆平泉地区花岗岩类地球化学特征

本文通过大量实际资料,对兴隆平泉地区花岗岩类岩石化学、部分金属元素、微量元素及稀土元素分布等进行分析,主要论述了该区与成矿有关的两类岩石即花岗岩-花岗斑岩类及花岗闪长岩类岩石的地球化学特征,指出两类岩石在地球化学特征上的差异不仅与岩性有关,而且主要与成矿物质来源有关。     

陕西省商南县烟城沟钒矿床地质与地球化学特征

通过野外地质调查研究和岩石学、岩石化学、稀土元素地球化学分析,总结了烟城沟钒矿床的地质背景、矿床地质特征,研究了该矿床的地球化学特征;烟城沟钒矿产于南秦岭下寒武统水沟口组黑色岩系中,严格受层位控制,含矿岩石主要为硅质岩夹硅质泥岩;地球化学特征表明该矿床形成于大陆边缘与深海环境过渡带上,且与海底热水活动有关。     

兴宁温公岩体的地质地球化学特征及与霞岚岩体的关系

温公岩体由含辉石、角闪石的钾长花岗岩和花斑岩构成,其岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学等特征表明,岩石主要具"I"型花岗岩的特征.岩体的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为(180±1)×106 a,成岩时代为早侏罗世,主要由幔壳混熔或下地壳物质部分熔融形成.原生岩浆在上升侵位过程中与霞岚岩体岩石发生同化作用.     

A Petrographic and Mineralogical Study of Volcanic Rocks from the Mayaxueshan Area, North Qilian Fold Belt, NW China

The Ordovician volcanic rocks in the Mayaxueshan area have been pervasively altered or metamorphosed and contain abundant secondary minerals such as albite, chlorite, epidote, prehnite, pumpellyite, actinolite, titanite, quartz, and/or calcite. They were denoted as spilites or spilitic rocks in terms of their petrographic features and mineral assemblages. The metamorphic grades of the volcanic rocks are equivalent to that of the intercalated metaclastic rocks. This indicates that both the spilitic volcanic rocks and metaclastic rocks in the Mayaxueshan area have formed as a result of Caledonian regional metamorphism. We suggest that the previously denoted spilitic rocks or altered volcanic rocks should be re-denoted as metabasalts or metabasaltic rocks. The metamorphic grade of the volcanic rocks increases with their age: prehnite-pumpellyite facies for the upper part of the Middle Ordovician volcanic rocks, prehnite-pumpeilyite to lower greenschist facies for the lower part of the Middle Ordovician vol     

烧变岩岩石学及稀土元素地球化学特征

烧变岩的研究有益于对煤层形成以来所经历的构造运动、古气候和古地理的探讨.为了获得有关烧变岩基本特征的数据资料, 本文利用扫描电镜、能谱测试、古地磁及ICP-MS等测试手段对陕北神木地区烧变岩进行了系统的岩石学及稀土元素地球化学的分析研究.剖面上将烧变岩分成烧熔岩和烧烤岩两个序列.扫描电镜观察及能谱测试显示, 各矿物均显示烧熔迹象, 除伊利石外未发现其他类型粘土矿物; 磁化率测试显示烧变岩具异常高的磁化率; 地球化学分析显示烧变岩稀土元素配分特征近于沉积岩(原岩) 特征; 纵向剖面上, 随烧变程度增大(由烧烤岩至烧熔岩) 其稀土元素总量逐渐减小, 烧熔岩稀土元素总含量较烧烤岩的要明显低; 另外, 烧熔岩表现为较明显的Ce负异常, 而烧烤岩则表现为无Ce异常, 有些甚至表现为偏正异常.      

Characteristics of the Density and Magnetic Susceptibility of Rocks in Northern Borneo and their Constraints on the Lithologic Identification of the Mesozoic Rocks in the Southern South China Sea

Based on the volume magnetic susceptibility and specific gravity measurements and mineral and lithologic identification results for 540 samples,the rock type,density,and magnetic susceptibility of rocks from northern Borneo were analyzed,and the applicability of gravity and magnetic data to the lithologic identification of the Mesozoic strata in the southern South China Sea was assessed accordingly.The results show that there are 3 types and 25 subtypes of rocks in northern Borneo,mainly intermediate-mafic igneous rocks and exogenous clastic sedimentary rocks,with small amounts of endogenous sedimentary rocks,felsic igneous rocks,and metamorphic rocks.The rocks that are very strongly-strongly magnetic and have high-medium densities are mostly igneous rocks,tuffaceous sandstones,and their metamorphic equivalents.The rocks that are weakly magnetic-non-magnetic and have medium-very low densities are mostly conglomerates,sandstones,siltstones,mudstones,and coal.The rocks that are weakly magnetic-diamagnetic and have highmedium densities are mostly limestones and siliceous rocks.The Cenozoic rocks are characterized by low densities and medium susceptibilities;the Mesozoic rocks are characterized by medium densities and medium-high susceptibilities;and the pre-Mesozoic rocks are characterized by high densities and low magnetism.Based on these results and the distribution characteristics of the various rock types,it was found that the pre-Mesozoic rocks produce weak regional gravity anomalies;the Mesozoic sedimentary rocks produce negative regional gravity anomalies;whereas the Mesozoic igneous rocks produce positive regional gravity anomalies;and the Cenozoic igneous rocks produce positive regional gravity anomalies.The regional high magnetic anomalies in the southern part of the South China Sea originate from the Mesozoic mafic igneous rocks and their metamorphic equivalents;and the regional medium magnetic anomalies may be produced by the felsic igneous rocks and their metamorphic equivalents.Accordingly,the identification of the Mesozoic lithology in the southern South China Sea shows that the Mesozoic sedimentary rocks are distributed over a large area of the southern South China Sea.Thus,it is concluded that the Mesozoic strata in this area have the potential for oil and gas exploration.     

西藏措勤盆地中侏罗世—早白垩世沉积充填特征

位于班公湖 怒江缝合带与雅鲁藏布江缝合带之间的措勤盆地,在中侏罗世—早白垩世期间具有以且坎古昌 阿索裂谷带为沉积、沉降中心向南北两侧展开的古地理格局:①中晚侏罗世时期,裂谷带内由深水浊积岩、放射虫硅质岩和浅水碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩岩片及基性—超基性岩等组成;裂谷带两侧由滨浅海相碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组成。该期盆地古地理演化具有先变深后变浅的沉积序列。②早白垩世早中期,裂谷带内仍由基性—超基性岩、深水复理石碎屑岩及放射虫硅质岩和浅水碳酸盐岩及碎屑岩组成;裂谷带两侧的日松革吉它日错分区主要由浅海相碎屑岩和灰岩组成;盆地南北部的措勤 申扎分区和木嘎岗日分区主要由滨岸 三角洲相碎屑岩及火山岩组成。各相带在纵向上均具有向上变深沉积序列。③早白垩世晚期,盆地以台地相碳酸盐岩沉积为主,裂谷带附近以发育台地边缘礁滩相沉积;裂谷带两侧的日松 革吉 它日错分区主要由开阔台地相灰岩组成;盆地南北部的措勤 申扎分区和木嘎岗日分区由局限台地相灰岩和陆源进积碎屑岩组成。     

Petrologic and REE Geochemical Characters of Burnt Rocks

The study of burnt rocks is beneficial to the discussion on the tectonic movement, paleoclimate and paleogeography that coal seams are subjected to after they were formed. In order to obtain the basic data on the features of the burnt rocks, a systematic study of petrology and REE geochemistry on burnt rocks in Shenmu, Northern Shaanxi Province has been done, using the methods of SEM, EDS, susceptibility measurements and ICP-MS. The burnt rocks are divided into two series in the section： the melted rocks and the baked rocks. SEM and EDS analyses reveal that all the minerals show burnt and melted traces, and there are no clay minerals except illite found in the burnt rocks. Susceptibility measurements reveal that the burnt rocks have abnormally high susceptibility values, whereas a geochemical analysis shows that the REE distribution pattern of burnt rocks is similar to that of sedimentary rocks （initial rocks）. In the longitudinal section, with increasing degree of burning （from baked rocks to melted rocks）, the ∑REE gradually decreases, and the total REE of melted rocks is obviously lower than that of baked rocks. Besides, the melted rocks show apparent negative Ce anomalies, while the baked rocks show no anomaly of Ce, and sometimes even show positive anomalies.     

新疆太古宙变质岩系岩石组合特征

新疆塔里木盆地周边发育前寒武纪变质岩系，其太古宙变质岩系分布在库鲁克塔格－星星峡及阿尔金山前。铁克力克可能有新太古代变质岩系的存在。库鲁克塔格地区太古代变质岩出露较全，由古－中太古代及新太古代变质岩组成：阿尔金山前、南天山及中天山尾亚地区均有新太古代变质岩系分布。太古代变质岩系由表壳岩和变质深成岩（岩系）组成，前者往往呈规模不等的包体散布在变质深成岩中。变质作用主要为区域中高温变质作用和区域动力热流变质作用，变质相为中深变质的角闪岩相－麻粒岩相，具中深部构造相的塑性流变特征。     

准噶尔盆地陆东-五彩湾地区石炭系火山岩储集性能及影响因素

准噶尔盆地陆东-五彩湾地区石炭系火山岩油气藏勘探近年来取得了重要进展.该区火山岩主要由中-基性火山熔岩和中-酸性火山碎屑岩组成.火山岩的储集空间可以分为原生孔隙和次生孔隙两类.火山岩储集性能主要受岩性与岩相、风化和次生溶蚀作用、构造作用和形成环境等多种因素的共同影响.最有利的储集岩为火山角砾岩和流纹岩,其次为安山岩,而最有利的储集部位为石炭系顶面较厚的风化壳.此外,研究区火山岩岩石类型、火山岩的储集性能及储集空间组合类型等都具有区域性的差异.其中,陆东地区火山岩的储集性能最理想,五彩湾地区火山岩的储集性能略差,三个泉地区火山岩的储集性能最差.     

西准噶尔萨吾尔地区二叠纪火山活动规律

西准噶尔萨吾尔地区位于新疆阿勒泰的吉木乃县及塔城地区和丰县。区内泥盆纪—二叠纪均有火山活动,其中二叠纪火山作用尤为强烈。二叠纪火山岩地层包括哈尔加乌组和卡拉岗组,哈尔加乌组为一套陆相中基性-中性火山岩及火山碎屑岩,卡拉岗组为一套陆相中基性-中酸性火山岩及火山碎屑岩。哈尔加乌—卡拉岗旋回火山岩主要岩性包括橄榄玄武岩、玄武岩、粗玄岩、安山岩、粗安岩、流纹岩、火山碎屑岩等。根据火山岩地层综合剖面以及火山岩的岩石学、岩相学特征,萨吾尔地区二叠纪火山活动由早至晚可分为5个阶段:中性喷发阶段、间歇性基性喷发阶段、酸性爆发及喷溢阶段、小规模中性间歇性爆发及喷溢阶段、基性喷发阶段;火山岩为陆相火山岩,具有双峰式特征,形成于伸展的构造背景下。     

不同地质成因岩石地应力分布规律的统计分析

通过收集我国大陆地区大量的实测地应力资料,筛选出了受局部影响小的实测数据,建立了岩浆岩、沉积岩和变质岩地应力随埋深分布的散点图,并根据各自的分布规律进行了相应的回归分析。结果发现,三大类岩石的地应力分布规律存在差异,其主要与岩石地质成因相关。三大类岩石的垂直应力总体上随埋深呈线性增大,量值接近各自上覆岩层自重;最大水平主应力随埋深均呈线性增大,相同埋深条件下,火成岩量值最大,变质岩次之,沉积岩最小;而沉积岩浅部最小水平应力大于岩浆岩;三大类岩石的水平差应力总体上随埋深也呈线性关系,相同埋深条件下,火成岩较大,而沉积岩较小;浅部岩浆岩平均水平主应力与垂直应力之比最大,而沉积岩较小。     

Geochemical Characteristics and Metallogenesis of Volcanic Rocks as Exemplified by Volcanic Rocks in Ertix,Xinjiang

Volcanic rocks in Ertix,Xinjiang,occurring in the collision zone between the Siberia Plate and the Junggar Plate,are distributed along the Eritix River Valley in northern Xinjiang.The volcanic rocks were dated at Late Paleozoic and can be divided into the spilite-keratophyre series and the basalt-andesite series.The spilite-keratophyre series volcanic rocks occur in the Altay orogenic belt at the southwest margin of the Siberia Plate.In addition to sodic volcanic rocks.There are also associated potassic-sodic volcanic rocks and potassic volcanic rocks.The potassic-sodic volcanic rocks occur at the bottom of the eruption cycle and control the distribution of Pb and Zn deposits.The potassic volcanic rocks occur at the top of the eruption cycle and are associated with Au and Cu mineralizations.The sodic volcanic rocks occur in the middle stage of eruption cycle and control the occurrence of Cu(Zn) deposits.The basalt-andesite series volcanic rocks distributed in the North Junggar orogenic belt at the north margin of the Junggar-Kazakstan Plate belong to the potassic sodic volcain rocks.The volcanic rocks distributed along the Ulungur fault are relatively rich in sodium and poor in potassium and are predominated by Cu mineralization and associated with Au mineralization.Those volcanic rocks distributed along the Ertix fault are relatively rich in K and poor in Na,with Au mineralization being dominant.