基于高分辨率遥感影像分类的地图更新方法

提出了一种在对遥感影像分类的基础上进行地图更新的方法，讨论了利用高分辨率遥感影像，通过不同空间分辨率和光谱分辨率的影像进行融合，利用合适的高通滤波对影像进行边缘检测．构建一个三层的MLP分类器对影像进行分类，提取城市建筑物与道路信息．并在此分类基础上通过对现有地图的叠加来实现地图的更新。实验结果表明，基于影像融合，利用较少数量的训练样本也能生成具有较高精度的分类图，利用分类结果图进行地图更新能取得令人满意的效果。     

基于自适应共振模型的遥感影像分类方法研究

人工神经网络（ANN）是人视觉和服的基本功能的抽象、简化和模拟。在对遥感影像的综合解释应用中，与传统的统计方法和符号逻辑方法相比较，ANN更接近人对影像的视觉解译分析过程。自适应共振理论（ART）是一种自组织产生认知编码的神经网络理论，其自组织、反馈式增量学习机能，能兼顾适应性和稳定性，克服了一般神经网络学习速度慢、网络结构难以确定、局部最小陷阱等缺陷。以FUZZY－ART和ARTMAP为基础，提出基于ART遥感影像非监督和监督分类的一般模型，并以实际上土覆盖分类和城市结构信息提取为应用实例，通过与传统统计方法和一般ANN分类器相比较，ART具有正确率更同、学习速度快、自适应性等优点，是复杂数据分类和信息提取的有效工具。     

地理信息系统支持下的山区遥感影像决策树分类

山区遥感影像分类是遥感研究的一大难题。本文利用一种决策树生成算法（C 4.5算法）自动提取知识，基于知识建立决策树用于山区影像分类，并结合研究区土地利用类型与DEM空间统计关系的先验知识，在GIS空间分析的基础上进行影像分类的后处理。与传统的最大似然法分类结果相比，该方法极大地改善了山区地表覆被分类的精度，得到试验区较为可靠的遥感分类图像。     

支撑向量机及其遥感影像空间特征提取和分类的应用研究

提出了基于支撑向量机（SVM）的遥感影像空间特征提取的新方法，并以SPOT全色波段影像上城市特征信息的提取为应用实例，并与人工神经网络（ANN）等特征提取方法进行综合比较，认为SVM方法不但能够获得比较高的分类精度，而且在学习速度、自适应能力、特征空间高维不限制、可表达性等方面具有优势。     

基于人工神经网络--多层感知器(MLP)的遥感影像分类模型

新一代遥感信息分类方法的应用,主要是将近年来发展起来的人工神经网络、模糊理论、人工智能等技术用于遥感信息分类,从算法上改进分类的精度.论述人工神经网络中的多层感知器(MLP)的基本思想,结合实例,用多层感知器(MLP)方法对单源及多源融合遥感影像进行了分类,并与各种分类方法的结果进行比较.     

基于神经网络的遥感影像分类研究

由于传统遥感影像分类方法存在不足，故采用BP神经元网络进行遥感影像分类研究。阐述了算法原理、实现步骤以及改进方法。通过实验示例，将BP神经元网络的分类结果与传统统计方法分类结果进行比较，获得了有意义的结果。     

GIS辅助下的基于知识的遥感影像分类方法研究——以土地覆盖/土地利用类型为例

提高计算机遥感影像的分类精度，是遥感应用中研究的主要问题之一。作者以规则的形式表示遥感影像解译知识，使用ＴＭ影像数据和ＤＥＭ、坡度、土地利用图等地理辅助数据，从遥感影像处理／地理数据／专家知识一体化的角度出发，使用基于知识的方法进行了研究，改善了分类精度。实例研究证明了方法的正确性。     

GIS辅助下的基于知识的遥感影像分类方法研究：以土地覆盖／土地利用？…

提高计算机遥感影像的分类精度，是遥感应用中研究的主要问题之一。作者以规则的形式表示遥感影像解译知识，使用ＴＭ影像数据和ＤＥＭ、坡度、土地利用图等地理辅助数据，从遥感影像处理／地理数据／专家知识一体化的角度出发，使用基于知识的方法进行了研究，改善了分类精度。实例研究证明了方法的正确性。     

一种应用兴趣点数据进行地表覆盖分类的方法

针对传统基于遥感影像的地表覆盖分类方法普遍存在的生产周期长、成本高、自动化程度低等问题，提出了一种完全利用兴趣点（point of interest，POI）数据进行地表覆盖自动化分类的方法。首先应用潜在狄利克雷分布主题计算模型，从POI数据的文本信息中挖掘出与地表覆盖类型相关的主题类型和分布概率；然后基于POI文本的主题分布，运用支持向量机分类算法构建地表覆盖分类模型；最后以遥感影像地表覆盖分类结果为依据，采用随机抽样的方式对所提方法进行验证。结果表明，该方法能够较好地区分人造地表和非人造地表，且整体分类精度超过80%，可作为传统遥感影像分类的辅助手段，满足地表覆盖快速分类的制图需求。     

基于分类规则挖掘的遥感影像分类研究

分析了目前遥感影像的统计分类、神经网络分类及基于符号知识的逻辑推理分类方法的优缺点.以GIS为平台,构建了多源空间数据库,将数据挖掘的思想和方法引入遥感影像分类中,提出了面向分类规则挖掘的遥感影像分类框架.针对遥感光谱数据及其他空间数据的特点,定义了连续属性样本分类概念和分割点评价指标,提出了一种新的连续属性样本分类规则挖掘算法.选择一个试验区,采用该算法分别对遥感光谱数据、遥感光谱和DEM数据相结合的数据进行分类规则挖掘、遥感影像分类和分类精度比较.结果表明：（1）该算法具有较高的分类精度;（2）加入DEM等与分类相关的其他空间数据可以提高遥感影像的分类精度.通过挖掘分类规则进行遥感影像分类,扩展了基于知识的逻辑推理分类方法中知识获取渠道,提高了分类规则获取的智能化程度.新的连续属性样本分类规则挖掘算法,扩展了归纳学习算法对连续属性样本分类的适应性.     

Development of a modified neural network-based land cover classification system using automated data selector and multiresolution remotely sensed data

Integrating multiple images with artificial neural networks (ANN) improves classification accuracy. ANN performance is sensitive to training datasets. Complexity and errors compound when merging multiple data, pointing to needs for new techniques. Kohonen's self-organizing mapping (KSOM) neural network was adapted as an automated data selector (ADS) to replace manual training data processes. The multilayer perceptron (MLP) network was then trained using automatically extracted datasets and used for classification. Two hypotheses were tested: ADS adapted from the KSOM network provides adequate and reliable training datasets, improving MLP classification performance; and fusion of Landsat thematic mapper (TM) and SPOT images using the modified ANN approach increases accuracy. ADS adapted from the KSOM network improved training data quality and increased classification accuracy and efficiency. Fusion of compatible multiple data can improve performance if appropriate training datasets are collected. This proved to be a viable classification scheme particularly where acquiring sufficient and reliable training datasets is difficult.     

投影寻踪学习网络的遥感影像分类

采用投影寻踪(projection pursuit,PP)学习网络方法建立了一种新的遥感影像分类模型。该方法结合了统计学中投影寻踪算法节点函数灵活的非参数估计特点和人工神经网络的自学习功能,具有简捷的网络结构和良好的鲁棒性能。利用苏州市TM影像进行了分类实验,将分类结果与BP神经网络和最大似然法的分类结果相比较,投影寻踪学习网络的分类精度较高,具有一定的实用性。     

Estimation of chlorophyll-<Emphasis Type="Italic">A</Emphasis> concentration using an artificial neural network (ANN)-based algorithm with oceansat-I OCM data

An artificial neural network (ANN) based chlorophyll-a algorithm was developed to estimate chlorophyll-a concentration using OCEANSAT-I Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) satellite-data. A multi-layer perceptron (MLP) type neural network was trained using simulated reflectances (~60,000 spectra) with known chlorophyll-a concentration, corresponding to the first five spectral bands of OCM. The correlation coefficient(r ²) andRMSE for the log transformed training data was found to be 0.99 and 0.07, respectively. The performance of the developed ANN-based algorithm was tested with the global SeaWiFS Bio-optical Algorithm Mini Workshop (SeaBAM) data (~919 spectra), 0.86 and 0.13 were observed asr ² andRMSE for the test data set. The algorithm was further validated with thein-situ bio-optical data collected in the northeastern Arabian Sea (~215 spectra), ther ² andRMSE were observed as 0.87 and 0.12 for this regional data set. Chlorophyll-a images were generated by applying the weight and bias matrices obtained during the training, on the normalized water leaving radiances (nL ^W) obtained from the OCM data after atmospheric correction. The chlorophyll-a image generated using ANN based algorithm and global Ocean Chlorophyll-4 (OC4) algorithm was compared. Chlorophyll-a estimated using both the algorithms showed a good correlation for the open ocean regions. However, in the coastal waters the ANN algorithm estimated relatively smaller concentrations, when compared to OC4 estimated chlorophyll-a.     

Classifiers vs. input variables—The drivers in image classification for land cover mapping

The study investigates the performance of image classifiers for landscape-scale land cover mapping and the relevance of ancillary data for the classification success in order to assess and to quantify the importance of these components in image classification. Specifically tested are the performance of maximum likelihood classification (MLC), artificial neural networks (ANN) and discriminant analysis (DA) based on Landsat7 ETM+ spectral data in combination with topographic measures and NDVI. ANN produced high accuracies of more than 75% also with limited input information, while MLC and DA produced comparable results only by incorporating ancillary data into the classification process. The superiority of ANN classification was less pronounced on the level of the single land cover classes. The use of ancillary data generally increased classification accuracy and showed a similar potential for increasing classification accuracy than the selection of the classifier. Therefore, a stronger focus on the development of appropriate and optimised sets of input variables is suggested. Also the definition and selection of land cover classes has shown to be crucial and not to be simply adaptable from existing land cover class schemes. A stronger research focus towards discriminating land cover classes by their typical spectral, topographic or seasonal properties is therefore suggested to advance image classification.     

Combination of Spectral and Textural Features in the MSG Satellite Remote Sensing Images for Classifying Rainy Area into Different Classes

The rainfall intensity classification technique using spectral and textural features from MSG/SEVIRI (Meteosat Second Generation/Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared) satellite data is proposed in this paper. The study is carried out over north of Algeria. The developed method is based on the artificial neural multilayer perceptron network (MLP). Two MLP algorithms are used: the MLP-S based only on spectral parameters and the MLP-ST that use both spectral and textural features. The MLP model is created with three layers (input, hidden, and output) that consist of 6 output neurons in the output layer that represent the 6 rain intensities classes: very high, moderate to high, moderate, light to moderate, light and no rain and 10 spectral input neurons for the MLP-S and 15 input neurons for MLP-ST, which as ten spectral features that were calculated from MSG thermal infrared brilliance temperature and brilliance temperature difference and as five textural features, and The rainfall intensity areas classified by the proposed technique are validated against ground-based radar data. The rainfall rates used in the training set are derived from Setif radar measurements (Algeria). The results obtained after applying this method show that the introduction of textural parameters as additional information works in improving the classification of different rainfall intensities pixels in the MSG/SEVIRI imagery compared to the techniques based only on spectral information. These results are compared with results obtained with the probability of rainfall intensity (PRI). This comparison revealed a clear outperformance of the MLP algorithms over the PRI algorithms. Best results are provided by the MLP-ST algorithm. The combination of spectral and textural features in the MSG–SEVIRI imagery is important and for the classification of the rainfall intensities to different classes.     

基于BP神经网络高光谱图像分类研究

遥感影像常常存在"异物同谱"现象,影响了遥感影像的分类精度。为了提高分类精度,本文提出了基于BP神经网络的分类算法。采用环境一号卫星HJ-1A星上搭载的超光谱成像仪(HSI)获取的高光谱数据,利用BP神经网络对黄岛区进行遥感图像分类,根据得到的分类结果对原图像进行"异物同谱"现象纠正后重新选取训练样本,然后利用BP神经网络再分类,从而有效解决了"异物同谱"现象。实验结果表明,经处理后的高光谱影像的分类精度得到显著提高,分类总体精度为92.386 5%,比异物同谱纠正前提高了7.83%,Kappa系数也从0.768 2提升到了0.885 8。     

基于PCM改进算法的遥感混合像元模拟分析

混合像元的存在是影响遥感图像分类精度的主要原因,模糊分类是进行混合像元分解的重要方法,其效果的好坏取决于各像元分类后对各类别的隶属度值能否准确地反映像元的类别组成。当非监督分类中的聚类数目与实际类别数目不符,或者监督分类中训练样本存在未训练类别时,常用的模糊c-均值(FCM)方法的效果将大大降低,而可能性c-均值(PCM)方法则可以解决这个问题。该文提出了基于PCM算法的遥感图像混合像元分解方法,并用监督分类方法实例说明PCM方法的优越性。     

多源遥感影像像素级融合分类与决策级分类融合法的研究

首先探讨了基于像素的多源遥感影像高频调制融合法，根据成像系统特性和Heisenberg测不准原理，设计的高斯滤波器对高分辨率影像滤波的方法是合理有效的。在研究BP神经网络的基础上，采用动量法和学习率自适应调整的策略，提高了BP神经网络学习算法收敛速度，并增强了算法的可靠性。提出并实现了多源遥感影像像素级融合分类与决策级分类融合两种分类方法，并进行了比较。采用Landsat TM3，4，5和航空SAR影像进行试验，结果表明两种分类方法是行之有效的，均适用于多源遥感影像分类。     

支持向量机在空间信息处理领域的应用研究

支持向量机作为一种最新的也是最有效的统计学习方法,近年来成为模式识别与机器学习领域一个新的研究热点。支持向量机具有小样本学习、抗噪声性能好、学习效率高和推广性好的优点,能够用于空间信息处理分析领域的遥感影像处理、高光谱分类、拟合与回归、数据挖掘、目标检测等任务。本文在总结分析近年来支持向量机在空间信息处理领域应用主要进展与成果的基础上,结合支持向量机理论方法与空间信息处理的发展趋势,提出了今后有必要重点研究的若干问题,包括空间数据挖掘、智能空间信息处理、高维空间数据处理等。