基于EPS的测绘技能竞赛制图解决方案定制

介绍了"全国测绘技能竞赛地图制图"项目中使用EPS软件平台进行模板定制、数据导入、编辑处理、成果输出的流程方法。该方案既保证了作业员在熟悉的软件平台上作业,在一定程度上减少了作业员的手工编辑工作量,又满足了竞赛技术要求,保证了数据成果合乎要求。     

通用管线质检软件设计与实现

各地城市管线普查项目陆续展开,面对不同城市各具特色的管线数据标准,旨在设计开发一套可扩展、可定制的管线数据质检程序,通过简单定制操作即可满足不同标准需求,避免重复开发工作.     

基于AutoCAD的城市部件普查数据处理系统研究与应用

介绍了基于C#语言,用AutoCAD的.NET API进行插件开发的相关技术。并以城市部件普查项目为例,阐述了在AutoCAD二次开发中的AutoCAD数据库技术、交互界面技术、数据通信技术、自动成图技术、数据输入输出技术的实现方法。实践表明,用C#进行AutoCAD的二次开发,不仅方法容易掌握,实用性强,还可以根据实际需求,快速实现功能定制,极大地提高了工作效率。     

MicroStaion95在测绘领域的应用开发

介绍了利用 Microstation95开发测绘应用系统、定制用户界面、建立地形图符号库和制作应用软件安装程序的方法和技术。还介绍了具体操作中的一些经验和技巧。     

MicroStation 95在测绘领域的应用开发

介绍了利用Microstation 95开发测绘应用系统、定制用户界面、建立地形图符号库和制作应用软件安装程序的方法和技术.还介绍了具体操作中的一些经验和技巧.     

城镇数字地籍调查数据库模板定制探讨

结合城镇数字地籍调查项目实践,通过WalkCM平台,对城镇数字地籍调查数据库的要素分层、属性结构、编码式样进行了分析．探讨了对城镇数字地籍调查数据库进行模板定制以及需要注意的问题。     

基于MicroStation图形平台的符号制作

介绍了MicroStation图形平台下符号的种类、定制、使用、管理等方法，对各种符号类型的特点进行了全面客观的评价。     

基于MicroStation环境的图形编辑系统的开发

研究了利用MicroStation95开发图形编辑系统、定制用户界面和自动建立地形图符号库的方法和技术。介绍了具体操作中的一些经验和技巧。     

一种MDB数据向CAD数据格式化转换的方法

以1:1万基础地理信息数据为例,研究了使用EPS地理信息工作站对原有库数据进行符号化显示及CAD格式制图数据转换输出。利用EPS模板定制技术和脚本开发技术,开发定制1:1万数据库符号化模板,并利用二次开发程序,实现地形图数据的批量转换、输出。经实际生产项目验证,利用该方法转换输出的成果能够满足快速制图需要,具有可行性和可扩展性。     

基于Windows CE的电子地图仪系统平台定制

本文介绍了嵌入式操作系统的特点,以及在开发电子地图仪的过程中对嵌入式操作系统的选择和对Windows CE内核的定制,并详细描述了定制过程。该项技术在电子地图仪的应用中发挥了重要作用。实际应用也表明该设备工作稳定,操作简单,且具有良好的应用前景。     

虚拟地理环境中地图注记的配置研究

在虚拟地理环境的表示中注记配置是一个重要方面,注记配置的好坏直接影响着虚拟地理环境的表达.为此,本文从虚拟地理环境的特点出发,分析了三维环境中注记配置研究存在的不足,主要探讨了注记配置应解决的关键问题、配置规则以及配置参数的质量评价原则.     

Dynamic positioning configuration and its first-order optimization

Traditional geodetic network optimization deals with static and discrete control points. The modern space geodetic network is, on the other hand, composed of moving control points in space (satellites) and on the Earth (ground stations). The network configuration composed of these facilities is essentially dynamic and continuous. Moreover, besides the position parameter which needs to be estimated, other geophysical information or signals can also be extracted from the continuous observations. The dynamic (continuous) configuration of the space network determines whether a particular frequency of signals can be identified by this system. In this paper, we employ the functional analysis and graph theory to study the dynamic configuration of space geodetic networks, and mainly focus on the optimal estimation of the position and clock-offset parameters. The principle of the D-optimization is introduced in the Hilbert space after the concept of the traditional discrete configuration is generalized from the finite space to the infinite space. It shows that the D-optimization developed in the discrete optimization is still valid in the dynamic configuration optimization, and this is attributed to the natural generalization of least squares from the Euclidean space to the Hilbert space. Then, we introduce the principle of D-optimality invariance under the combination operation and rotation operation, and propose some D-optimal simplex dynamic configurations: (1) (Semi) circular configuration in 2-dimensional space; (2) the D-optimal cone configuration and D-optimal helical configuration which is close to the GPS constellation in 3-dimensional space. The initial design of GPS constellation can be approximately treated as a combination of 24 D-optimal helixes by properly adjusting the ascending node of different satellites to realize a so-called Walker constellation. In the case of estimating the receiver clock-offset parameter, we show that the circular configuration, the symmetrical cone configuration and helical curve configuration are still D-optimal. It shows that the given total observation time determines the optimal frequency (repeatability) of moving known points and vice versa, and one way to improve the repeatability is to increase the rotational speed. Under the Newton’s law of motion, the frequency of satellite motion determines the orbital altitude. Furthermore, we study three kinds of complex dynamic configurations, one of which is the combination of D-optimal cone configurations and a so-called Walker constellation composed of D-optimal helical configuration, the other is the nested cone configuration composed of n cones, and the last is the nested helical configuration composed of n orbital planes. It shows that an effective way to achieve high coverage is to employ the configuration composed of a certain number of moving known points instead of the simplex configuration (such as D-optimal helical configuration), and one can use the D-optimal simplex solutions or D-optimal complex configurations in any combination to achieve powerful configurations with flexile coverage and flexile repeatability. Alternately, how to optimally generate and assess the discrete configurations sampled from the continuous one is discussed. The proposed configuration optimization framework has taken the well-known regular polygons (such as equilateral triangle and quadrangular) in two-dimensional space and regular polyhedrons (regular tetrahedron, cube, regular octahedron, regular icosahedron, or regular dodecahedron) into account. It shows that the conclusions made by the proposed technique are more general and no longer limited by different sampling schemes. By the conditional equation of D-optimal nested helical configuration, the relevance issues of GNSS constellation optimization are solved and some examples are performed by GPS constellation to verify the validation of the newly proposed optimization technique. The proposed technique is potentially helpful in maintenance and quadratic optimization of single GNSS of which the orbital inclination and the orbital altitude change under the precession, as well as in optimally nesting GNSSs to perform global homogeneous coverage of the Earth.     

结合三维量测数据的绝缘子选型与评估方法

绝缘配置可以在综合降低线路设备外绝缘配置成本和防污维护成本的基础上,从根本上降低污闪事故的发生概率,完备的绝缘子数据能够为科学合理的绝缘配置与选型提供可靠的支持。本文提出了一种新的绝缘子数据选型与评估方法,结合绝缘子三维量测数据及防污闪关键影响因子,采用多条件选型与评估模式,实现了绝缘子快速选型,极大提高了绝缘配置的效率。     

A loosely integrated data configuration strategy for web-based participatory modeling

Participatory modeling is an important approach for solving complex geo-problems from a comprehensive and holistic viewpoint, and it brings together stakeholders from multiple disciplines to provide diverse resources, including modeling, data fields and computational assets. Data configuration work (e.g., preparing appropriate input data for model execution, connecting a model’s output to the input data of another model) is important for constructing and executing a participatory modeling task. Most current data configuration methods depend on the model integration logic, which presents a challenge when adding new modeling resources into a model to dynamically create and execute new modeling tasks. To support the construction of participatory modeling tasks in a web environment, this article proposes a loosely integrated data configuration strategy for decoupling data configuration work from the execution process of a participatory modeling task. A model service controller is designed for model input/output (I/O) configuration, and a data service controller is designed for data access configuration. These two controllers can help modelers link the data I/O demands of a model-service with the appropriate data-services; thus, different modeling instances can be dynamically joined to a participatory modeling task and executed without reconstructing the original data configuration settings. A prototype participatory modeling system is proposed to demonstrate the flexibility and feasibility of the proposed method using an experimental modeling case. The results show that the proposed data configuration strategy supports the integration of different model-services based on the data dependency relationships and that the complexity and difficulty in configuring data for a participatory modeling tasks in the web environment are minimized.     

混合星座星间链路的建立以及连通性和稳健性分析

首先,分析了混合星座的特点,并分别讨论了GEO卫星、IGSO卫星和Walker-δ星座的服务性能和星间链路的建立特点;然后,运用邻接矩阵给出混合星座连通性的判断标准,运用任意两颗卫星间相连途径的数目、割点、割边、k-连通度和k-边连通度给出星间链路稳健性的判断标准,并给出了星座达到k-连通所需要的最少星间链路的数目及其构建方式;最后,对模拟的3GEO+3IGSO+24MEO星座构型中各卫星之间的星间链路建立准则、连通性和稳健性进行了分析。     

北斗GEO卫星精密定轨的最优构型研究与仿真

北斗三号（BDS-3）的地球静止轨道（GEO）卫星提供多项特色服务,但其精密定轨精度较低,除了高轨及静地特性以外,全球监测站的构型是影响其定轨精度的重要因素. 本文基于卫星定轨的基本原理,将观测方程线性化;利用正交三角函数,将几何精度因子（GDOP）参数化并投影到地面,以监测站构型方式表达;采用嵌套圆锥构型,得出监测站分布与GEO卫星定轨精度之间的关系;最后进行仿真实验,得到了一类理论上监测站构型的最优解.      

最小二乘配置模型在 GPS 高程拟合中的应用

经典的平差函数模型中只含有无先验统计信息的非随机参数,而针对附有随机参数的平差问题具有很大的局限性,为此在GPS高程拟合中,本文用最小二乘配置模型解决了这一问题,并且通过实际算例,设计两种最小二乘配置拟合方案与二次曲面拟合法进行了比较,结果表明,最小二乘配置拟合残差较小,外符合精度较高,高程拟合效果更好。     

一种城市形态中的空间可视分析方法

空间可视分析是空间句法的重要依据,是进行城市空间形态分析的新方法。在视域的行为指导原理上,采用可视集中性的概念来进行可视分析,进而通过可视分析各参数的具体量化,包括视域面积、视线长度等,将其应用到具体的城市街道形态中,分析各参数量化大小的分布情况。研究城市形态中可视分析通过“视域法则”影响人的行为,从而潜在决定城市内有关行人等基础设施的布局情况,现实中的设施分布也证明了这种分析的正确性。以武汉市中南地区为分析实例,说明上述各过程,验证城市形态对空间设施分布的影响。     

区域土地灌溉环境评价与决策分析

国土资源是人们赖以生存和发展的物质基础,土地灌溉环境作为国土资源调查的重要内容,其关键基础设施机井的空间配置对于农业生产具有重要的现实意义。本文以北京市通州区永乐店镇为研究区,基于国土资源调查的多源空间数据,提出了一种对现有土地灌溉环境进行定量评价和优化决策的方法。结果表明,研究区既有机井配置有待进一步改进,优化方案给出的183口新增机井合理分配在优化单元内,能够满足当地农民的土地灌溉需求,同时为土地灌溉环境中机井的更新配置提供了依据。     

北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO卫星定轨地面站构型影响分析及其优化

GNSS卫星定轨精度主要取决于卫星动力学模型精度和GNSS几何观测信息。由于北斗GEO/IGSO卫星静地、高轨特性,以及力学模型不精确等原因,地面几何观测信息对轨道改进至关重要。本文讨论了北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO卫星定轨地面站分布影响及优化改进方法。在简化动力学定轨模型基础上,探讨多历元几何观测信息累积对轨道的改进;研究了北斗导航卫星定轨理想几何构型条件,得到影响定轨精度的几何因子,包括测站数量、覆盖范围、分布密度;利用离散概率密度方法研究地面站构型,分析了3类卫星轨道改进机理和优化方法。通过算例,讨论了增加5个中国区域基准站改善离散概率密度指标,优化全球北斗卫星定轨构型,发现GEO和IGSO卫星精度改善最为明显,MEO卫星改善最小;其中GEO卫星提高了10%,IGSO卫星提高了16%,MEO卫星提高了4%。