和PSR0355＋54相关联的脉冲星喷流存在的证据

从ＲＯＳＡＴ ＰＳＰＣ观测数据中我国发现了与ＰＳＲ０３５５＋５４相关联的脉冲星Ｘ射线喷流存在的证据。这是一个与脉冲星自行方向相反的长度为１２′的近似线性的辐射特征。假设喷流具有ＰＳＲ０３５５＋５４相同的距离和星际吸收,而其能谱是谱指数为－０．５的幂律谱,可导出喷流的光度为２．４８±０．８３×１０＾２４Ｊ／Ｓ。喷流中的平均磁场约为７．９×１０＾－９Ｔ,典型的电子能量为２．１×１０＾７ＭｅＶ。     

新的γ射线脉冲星PSR1055—52的COS—B证认

本文利用ＣＯＳ－Ｂ卫星观测资料对ＣＧＲＯ卫星新近发现的一颗γ射线脉冲星进行了守时性分析，得到了显著的周期结构，这个结果对ＰＳＲ１０５５－５２是一颗γ射线脉冲星提供了新的、独立的证认，本文对普遍公认的六颗γ射线脉冲星提供了新的、独立的证认。本文对普遍公认的六颗γ射线脉冲星也作了比较和讨论。     

新的γ射线脉冲星PSR1055－52的COS－B证认

本文利用ＣＯＳ－Ｂ卫星观测资料对ＣＧＲＯ卫星新近发现的一颗γ射线脉冲星进行了守时性分析，得到了显著的周期结构。这个结果对ＰＳＲ１０５５－５２是一颗γ射线脉冲星提供了新的、独立的证认，本文对普遍公认的六颗γ射线脉冲星也作了比较和讨论。     

各具特色的脉冲星

各具特色的脉冲星自从１９６７年英国女天文学家贝尔（ＪｏｃｅｌｙｎＢｅｌｌ）在她的导师休伊什（ＡｎｔｈｏｎｙＨｅｗｉｓｈ）的指导下发现首例脉冲星（Ｐｕｌｓａｒ）ＰＳＲ１９１９＋２１至今，已在我们银河系内发现了约６００颗脉冲星。现在，普遍认为脉冲星是有很...     

毫秒脉冲星

１９６７年意外地发现脉冲星使发现者获得了１９７４年的诺贝尔物理学奖,１９７４年发现脉冲星双星系统又使发现者获得１９９３年的诺贝尔物理学奖。脉冲星研究的喜事多,１９８２年发现的毫秒脉冲星ＰＳＲ１９３７＋２１４再一次轰动了全世界。艰辛的发现过程和１９６７...     

来自天体的X射线——伦琴X射线天文卫星的一些重要发现

１９９８年９月２０日,伦琴Ｘ射线天文卫星（ＲＯＳＡＴ）在指向转换过程中扫过太阳附近,结果来自太阳的强烈Ｘ射线烧毁了其上的高分辨成像仪（ＨＲＩ）。此后,在１９９８年１２月,ＲＯＳＡＴ上的另一个主要探测器位置灵敏正比计数器（ＰＳＰＣ）利用剩余的少量气体进...     

射电脉冲星周期跃变研究的进展

射电脉冲星周期跃变被认为是研究中子星内部结构和状态的极好探针。脉冲星高频巡天发现了一批年青脉冲星,脉冲星周期跃变的观测研究也有了飞快进展。至少发现了２５颗有跃变现象的脉冲星（简称跃变脉冲星）和７６次跃变事件。ＰＳＲＪ０８３５－４５１０是目前已有跃变脉冲星活动参数最高的,ＰＳＲＪ１３４１－６２２２０的跃变活动最频繁,而ＰＳＲＪ１６１４－５０４７在１９９５年发生的跃变是规模最大的,不同脉冲星的跃变事件     

在乌鲁木齐天文站25米天线上进行的脉冲星观测

１９９６年１月，由北京天文台、北京大学、乌鲁木齐天文站组成的研究小组完成了乌鲁木齐天文站２５ｍ天线的脉冲星观测系统，取得了一些脉冲星的观测结果。共成功地观测了８颗脉冲星，得到４颗脉冲星的轮廓图；还观测到ＰＳ１１３３＋１６的反常模式。乌鲁木齐天文站将成为我国重要的脉冲星观测基地。     

脉冲星PSR B0329＋54的多波段观测

给出１９９９年３月１２日至６月８日,使用国家天文观测中心乌鲁木齐南山站２５ｍ射电望远镜在０．３２７ＧＨｚ,１．５ＧＨｚ,２．３ＧＨｚ,４．８ＧＨｚ和８．４ＧＨｚ频段,对脉冲星ＰＳＲＢ０３２９＋５４进行的多波段观测结果,ＰＳＲＢ０３２９＋５４的辐射呈幂律谱,并出现频谱转折现象,低频段谱指数为１．５９,高频段为２．４５,平均谱指数为１．７２五个频段上的平均脉冲轮廓的角宽度和二个民分峰值间的角宽度都随频     

新发现的6个X选类星体和1个Seyfert星系

利用ＲＯＳＡＴＶＬＡ方法筛选，从ＲＯＳＡＴＸ射线源中选出了一批新的ＢＬＬａｃ天体和类星体的候选体．１９９６年１２月８日至１７日，利用北京天文台２．１６ｍ望远镜和ＯＭＲ摄谱仪，对这批新候选体进行了光谱认证．经ＳＵＮ工作站处理，又发现了５个新的Ｘ选类星体和１个Ｓｅｙｆｅｒｔ星系．此外，在扩大光谱波长覆盖范围到８５００的条件下，重新观测了作者去年所发现的ＢＬＬａｃ天体，结果发现２３１８＋３０４在７２５９处有一很强的Ｈα６５６３＋［ＮＩ］６５４８，６５８３发射线．因此，可以确定２３１８＋３０４是一个类星体，而不是一个ＢＬＬａｃ天体．     

Search for orbital motion of the pulsar 4U 1626–67: Candidate for a neutron star with a supernova fall-back accretion disk

We report here results from a new search for orbital motion of the accretion powered X-ray pulsar 4U 1626–67 using two different analysis techniques. X-ray light curve obtained with the Proportional Counter Array of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer during a long observation carried out in February 1996, was used in this work. The spin period and the local period derivative were first determined from the broad 2–60 keV energy band light curve and these were used for all subsequent timing analysis. In the first technique, the orbital phase dependent pulse arrival times were determined for different trial orbital periods in the range of 500 to 10,000 s. We have determined a 3σ upper limit of 13 lt-ms on the projected semimajor axis of the orbit of the neutron star for most of the orbital period range, while in some narrow orbital period ranges, covering about 10% of the total orbital period range, it is 20lt-ms. In the second method, we have measured the pulse arrival times at intervals of 100 s over the entire duration of the observation. The pulse arrival time data were used to put an upper limit on any periodic arrival time delay using the Lomb-Scargle periodogram. We have obtained a similar upper limit of 10 lt-ms using the second method over the orbital period range of 500–10,000 s. This puts very stringent upper limits for the mass of the compact object except for the unlikely case of a complete face-on orientation of the binary system with respect to our line-of-sight. In the light of this measurement and the earlier reports, we discuss the possibility of this system being a neutron star with a supernovae fall-back accretion disk.     

Observations of Pg pulsations in the Northern Auroral zone and at lower latitude conjugate regions

An analysis is made of giant pulsation (Pg) data recorded at ground stations in the Northern Auroral Zone in Scandanavia (mainly at Tromsø, L = 6.4 and Kiruna, L = 5.5) during the period September 1976 to December 1977. They are shown to have a meridional variation of amplitude and polarization consistent with a field line resonance structure and their vertical component behaviour suggests that they also have a rapid azimuthal phase variation. Limited data from conjugate stations at L = 4.4 are used to show that Pg's are odd mode oscillations of the field line. Pg's are equated to the observation of a unique compressional wave in space at synchronous orbit and it is suggested that they result from the drift wave instability of the compressional Alfven wave at the outer edge of the quiet time ring current.     

Observations of Doppler oscillations in a solar prominence

We report on the observation of Doppler oscillations in a quiescent limb prominence. Fourier analysis of the data reveals an oscillatory period of 7.5 min, whose phase varies linearly at 16 consecutive points (7280 km) along the slit. This yields an upper limit for the perturbation wavelength of 20000 km. Wavelet analysis confirms the above period and indicates an oscillation lifetime of 12 min. Moreover, the disturbance appears to travel at a speed greater than 4.4 km s^-1. A comparison of these results with the predictions of some theoretical models is made.     

The diameter and albedo of asteroid 1976 AA

We present a radiometric observation of asteroid 1976 AA, and formulate a simple model for the infrared thermal phase function so that our data can be compared with similar measurements made at different phase angles. The radiometric diameter of 1976 AA from our observation is 940⁺²⁰⁰_?100 meters and the geometric albedo is 0.18 ± 0.06, in satisfactory agreement with another published radiometric observation.     

A new γ-ray pulsar: PSR 0740-28

We made a period folding analysis on two sets of COS-B observations and obtained a clearly pulsed phase structure in the γ-ray photons from the direction of PSR 0740-28. The phase diagrams from the two different data sets have a similar structure and the period and period rate are close to radio expectations. The probability of the two phase structures arising by chance is less than 2×10⁻⁵. Hence we believe PSR 0740-28 is a new γ-ray pulsar.     

Chandler wobble in variations of the Pulkovo latitude for 170 years

The work studies the Chandler component of polar motion, obtained from variations in the Pulkovo latitude over 170 years (1840–2009). To extend the time series of variations in the Pulkovo latitude back into the past until 1840, we used the first Pulkov observations on the basis of the Reynolds transit instrument in the prime vertical and on the basis of large vertical Ertel circle. We employed different methods of analysis of nonstationary time series, such as wavelet analysis, methods of bandpass filtering, singular spectral analysis, and Fourier and Hilbert transforms. Changes in the Pulkovo latitude from 1904–2006, as inferred from ZTF-135 observations and as calculated from international data, were compared. It was shown that time changes in the amplitude and phase of Chandler polar motion can be studied based on long-term observation time series of latitude at a single observatory, even if these observation records have gaps. We were the first to study the changes in the Chandler wobble for that long time series of variations in the Pulkovo latitude with the help of different methods. The long observation record and the methods of analysis of nonstationary time series had allowed us to identify two similar structures, both well apparent during the periods of 1845–1925 and 1925–2005 in the time variations of phase and amplitude. The presence of this structure indicates that low-frequency regularities may be present in the Chandler polar motion, and one of the manifestations of this may be the well known feature in the region of 1925. The superimposed epoch method was used to estimate the period of variations in the amplitude with a simultaneous change of phase of this oscillation, which was found to be 80 years. In addition, advantages of singular spectral analysis for studying the long-period time series with involved structure are demonstrated.     

利用光变曲线估计猎鹰九号火箭末级的旋转状态研究

光度观测是地基观测空间目标的主要手段之一,利用光度信息能够估计空间目标的相关特征信息.为了更好地了解空间目标的旋转状态,选取具有代表性的猎鹰九号火箭末级作为研究对象,由其光变信息研究旋转状态.首先利用云南天文台1.2 m光学望远镜获取猎鹰九号火箭末级的光度数据,再对目标星等进行斜距归一化,得到目标光变信息并分析目标星等...     

Photoelectric photometry of the RS CVn binary EI Eridani = HD 26337

DifferentialUBV(RI) _KC andUBVRI photometry of the RS CVn binary EI Eridani obtained during December 1987 and January 1988 at fourteen different observatories is presented. A combined visual bandpass light curve, corrected for systematic errors of different observatories, utilizes the photometric period of 1.945 days to produce useful results. Analysis shows the visual light curve to have twin maxima, separated by about 0.4 phase, and a full amplitude of approximately 0.06 mag for the period of observation, a smaller amplitude than reported in the past. The decrease in amplitude may be due to a decrease or homogenization of spot coverage. To fit the asymmetrical light curve, a starspot model would have to employ at least two spotted regions separated in longitude.     

连线干涉系统测量共位双星宽带信号处理与分析

随着人类空间活动的急剧增加,同步轨道资源已变得十分稀缺。为此人们采用了多星共位技术,来充分挖掘同步轨道资源。多星共位中,由于卫星存在位置漂移的情况,安全问题成为维护卫星正常工作必须考虑的问题之一。考虑到同步卫星的轨道特性,常采用三程测距的方式对卫星进行测轨,而且需要较长时间的测轨弧段。连线干涉测量可以获得高精度的差分相位时延,这对卫星在垂直视线方向上构成了很强的约束。给出了连线干涉测量系统设计及测量数据处理方法,并对测量中的关键技术与设备特性、测量数据精度进行了初步分析。     

上海天文台25 m射电望远镜首次单天线脉冲星观测

介绍上海天文台25 m射电望远镜首次单天线脉冲星观测。2010年4月23日,使用上海天文台位于佘山观测基地的25 m射电望远镜对脉冲星J0332+5434在L波段进行了观测,此次观测使用VLBI终端进行数据采集记录,通过对观测数据进行非相干消色散和周期折叠,成功获得目标源的平均轮廓。此次观测的成功,表明该天线具备开展单天线脉冲星观测的条件,并为上海天文台建设中的65 m天线的天文观测提供了参考,为将来自主研发脉冲星终端进行了技术储备。