米家山隆滑构造的发现及地质意义(摘要)

米家山隆滑构造的发现及地质意义（摘要）冯秦阳（甘肃省地勘局区调队兰州７３００５０）米家山隆—滑构造由米家山序列深成岩体和早奥陶世阴沟群变质岩系组成，出露于１∶５万老龙湾幅和赵家水幅相邻的部位，深成岩体呈椭圆形东西向展布，产于米家山背形褶皱的核部。岩体...     

桦南隆起美作岩体的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义

桦南隆起位于佳木斯地块中部,是马家街群出露的主要地区.马家街群是一套具典型热接触变质特征的浅变质岩系,其形成时代一直有争议.美作岩体位于马家街群的边部,它的侵位被认为是导致马家街群发生接触变质作用的直接原因,因而确定美作岩体形成年代,即可确定马家街群的变质时代.     

湘赣中南部地区煤的岩浆热变质作用

湘赣中南部地区的煤主要是高变质煤。虽然深成变质作用存在,但煤本身变化显著,煤与石墨、天然焦同层异矿,煤层围岩蚀变和煤变质带展布与侵入岩体及火山岩的分布密切相关等,都证明岩浆热变质作用是湘赣中南部地区煤变质作用的主要类型。印支—燕山期的岩浆活动形成广阔的高温区,从而形成这一地区大量的高变质烟煤和无烟煤。侵入岩体周围形成煤变质正向环带,岩体群之间则形成反向环带;接触带煤变质呈现向石墨或天然焦两个不同的演化方向;叠加在深成变质作用基础上的岩浆热变质作用控制了这一地区煤变质带展布的格局。     

米家山隆—滑构造初析

米家山隆—滑构造是在古浪运动造山前期伸展体制下形成的。隆—滑构造的内核隆起由顺基底与盖层之间的接合面呈席状同构造侵位的马黄沟梁单元组成。由于花岗岩的局部隆起，在阴沟群变质岩系内多层滑脱型韧变带与流褶层形成的同时，因变形分解作用，导致火山岩透镜体与韧变带及流褶层相间分布的格局。在古浪运动收缩体制下，米家山岩体呈塑性底辟式再就位，从而形成泉沟单元。晚期的祁连运动产生的构造形迹横跨叠加于古浪运动构造形迹之上，最终使米家山深成岩体分布于穹形构造核部。     

山东雁翎关地区雌山混合花岗岩地球化学特征及其成因

一、地质背景雁翎关地区位于山东泰安东南四十余公里处(图1)。本区出露泰山群变质岩系,受到中压相系的角闪岩相区域变质作用,变质时代大于24亿年。雌山混合花岗岩带分布于东石棚—马家雌山西南和磨石山香水河东北的狭长地带(图1)。岩体走向北西—南东、与区域构造线方向一致,围岩为泰山群的山草峪组黑云变粒岩。构成     

变质作用中流体控制元素的活动性对全岩同位素体系的影响、某些理论和实例

Rb、Sr、Sm、Nd、U和Pb等元素在与区域变质作用相伴的流体活动中均出现重新分配。对于一般用作鉴定年代的同位素系统,这种重新分配作用对测年系统的影响取决于几种因素。某一地区在适变质到麻粒岩相的过程中Rb、U和Pb发生丢失,而在退变质中又重新获得。Sr在进变质作用和退变质作用中其重新分配的活动范围有几厘米,而在有剪切相伴的退变质作用中其活动范围就有几十米。由于Rb的活动性比Sr要大得多,在露头上没有Sr均一化作用的各个样品的Rb/Sf比值是变化的。在一组样品中有Rb加入,     

新疆库米什变质地体研究

新疆库米什地区的变质杂岩,过去曾被认为是泥盆系地层和海西期花岗岩体。本文研究表明,该杂岩体的诸方面特征与其周围古生代岩块存在明显差异,而与塔里木克拉通北缘库鲁克塔格地区的托格拉克布拉克群可以对比。实际上,库米什变质杂岩并非泥盆系地层和海西期花岗岩体。而是天山造山带中的前寒武纪变质地体,是因弧后扩张从塔里木克拉通北缘裂解出来的大陆碎块。     

江南造山带石耳山新元古代花岗岩的构造变形、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

在江南造山带的东段皖浙赣交界地区发育一系列花岗岩岩体,区域上,岩体呈条带状,NE—SW向雁行排列,平行于赣东北断裂带分布;微观下,岩浆流动组构残迹、蠕英石的普遍发育及固态塑性变形证明了该地区岩体变形经历了从岩浆—亚岩浆—固态变形的一个持续转变的过程;岩体锆石年龄与邻区岩体的变质变形年龄有很好的耦合性。由此可见研究区变形花岗岩体为同构造花岗岩,是岩浆在侵位冷凝过程中受到赣东北断裂带强烈构造作用影响的产物。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明:灵山岩体形成于783±14 Ma;莲花山岩体形成于780±12 Ma,属于新元古代岩浆活动。扬子板块与华夏板块碰撞导致江南造山带新元古界的岩群普遍遭受区域变质、变形作用,同构造花岗岩的构造变形特征正是区域构造变形的表现,因此该同构造岩体的年龄可能作为扬子板块与华夏板块仍在挤压、碰撞的年代学证据。     

青海省祁连县热水沟东铁矿地质特征及成因探讨

热水沟东铁矿矿体主要受早奥陶世阴沟群地层控制,其成因为火山一沉积变质矿床,找矿标志为早奥陶世阴沟群及矿区内磁异常。     

湖北红安群的时代：变质花岗质侵入体U－Pb定年提供的制约

湖北红安群的原岩形成时代一直是个有争议的问题。笔者对红安群中两个不同类型的花岗质侵入体进行了锆石U-Pb定年,在位于红安群之下的双峰尖岩体中获得岩浆侵位年龄为(813±6)Ma,在侵入于红安群中的高格岩体获得岩浆侵位年龄为(638±142)Ma,高压变质年龄为(229±22)Ma。结合目前在扬子板块和大别造山带内部获得的一系列新元古代年代学数据,认为红安群变质杂岩中沉积地层的形成时代应限制在825～630Ma之间,是扬子大陆基底在新元古代裂解的产物。这套岩石在印支期(约230Ma)华北与扬子板块碰撞过程中经历了低温高压蓝片岩—榴辉岩相变质作用。     

中、低压变质作用与大陆造山——兼论四川丹巴的变质带

巴罗型中压变质带与巴肯型低压高温变质带的成因与大陆板块边缘的碰撞造山及陆内造山作用之间有着紧密的联系。根据变质带的空间时间配置关系、压力类型、变质作用pTt轨迹、伴生的岩浆岩等等,可以区分出3种类型的大陆造山模式:弧-陆拼贴型、陆-陆碰撞型(可进一步分为中高压型碰撞造山带和双变质型山带型(paired metamorphic mountain belt)陆-陆碰撞带)、陆内造山地壳加厚-伸展型。巴罗型中压变质带普遍出现于地壳加厚-热弛豫的构造环境,但巴肯型低压变质带形成的构造背景及物理化学条件在不同的造山带有不同的表现形式,其热源至少有:壳内岩浆侵入或岩浆板底垫托、沉降盆地放射性同位素的衰变热、构造热穹隆、变质核杂岩、地下热流体传热等。大陆边缘造山带中巴罗型变质带的倒转以及板内造山带中变质带问断等现象与造山动力学过程密切相关,记录了造山过程中的重要的地质事件,也是探讨造山历史的理想场所。由于四川丹巴地区松潘—甘孜造山带形成于很独特的3个板块双极性构造环境,表现出与世界上典型造山带诸多相似的地方,如巴罗型中压变质带、巴肯型低压高温带同时在一系列变质穹隆中发育,但又有其特殊性和复杂性,如通常只发育在大陆边缘的倒转的巴罗带和陆内造山过程中的变质相间断同时出现,显然这与本?     

新疆东准噶尔纸房地区早古生代花岗岩的确定及其地质意义

纸房花岗岩体位于新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里构造带北侧。该岩体侵入的最新地层为中-上奥陶统荒草坡群, 并被晚志留世及早泥盆世地层不整合覆盖。对纸房花岗岩进行锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年, 获得的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(463±7)~(436±4) Ma, 表明该岩体形成于晚奥陶世-早志留世, 是早古生代岩浆活动的产物。对已有的区域地质资料、岩体侵位时代及其与围岩接触关系进行综合分析后认为, 纸房花岗岩体的形成时代大致对应于卡拉麦里构造带内区域性角度不整合的形成时间, 推测该岩体为早古生代造山过程中形成的花岗质岩石。高Sr、低Yb、弱的Eu负异常等地球化学特征也显示其为埃达克型同造山花岗岩。纸房地区早古生代同造山花岗岩的存在为东准噶尔卡拉麦里构造带早古生代造山作用的确认提供了证据。      

Variscan very low-grade metamorphism in southwest England: a diastathermal and thrust-related origin

Abstract Regional metamorphism in the external Variscides of southwest England varied from diagenetic level to greenschist facies. There is a fundamental difference in the metamorphic character between the northern and southern regions of the area. In the north, M1 metamorphism is of a sedimentary burial character associated with high heat flow, whilst to the south it is related to tectonic burial during thrust thickening processes, with lower geothermal gradients. This pattern appears to be related to the character of basin development and its subsequent tectonic evolution. The northern region has features that accord with a diastathermal (extensional) origin for the very low-grade metamorphism whilst in the southern region the very low-grade metamorphism is linked to thrusting as a consequence of Variscan compression. The Tintagel High-Strain Zone presents an anomaly in this regional pattern where an M2 metamorphic phase is attributed to localized D2 thrust stacking along the southern margin of the Culm Basin.
There is no extensive overprint of the regional metamorphic pattern by the contact aureoles surrounding the granite plutons of the region. However, there is a noticeable coincidence between the areas of regional epizone grade and the extent of the geophysically defined subsurface limit of the granite batholith (excluding the North Devon area). This link is attributed largely to the late-stage structural up-doming of the higher grade areas over the roof of the batholith.     

广西海洋山花岗岩体侵位构造特征

花岗岩是大陆地壳的重要组成部分,是地球动力学演化的示踪剂。花岗岩体侵位构造的研究对于揭示花岗岩体的变形历史和侵位机制具有重要的科学价值。本文研究了海洋山花岗岩体的内部构造、与岩浆侵位应力有的围岩构造及热接触变质带特征,探讨了岩体和围岩的应变状态。研究发现,从岩浆侵位到冷凝固结,海洋山花岗岩体经历了液态流动、塑性变形和“半固态”冷凝阶段的演化。岩体各单元的应变类型分别是单轴压扁、平面应变、单轴压缩,     

On the Structure and Metamorphism of the Roc de Frausa Massif (Eastern Pyrenees)

Abstract

The Roc de Frausa Massif, located at the Eastern Pyrenees, is formed by a stratoid Pre-Hercynian deformed granite (orthogneiss) interbedded with metasedimentary series. Hercynian granitoids (St. Llorenç — La Jonquera pluton) surround the southern and eastern part of the massif and Hercynian basic igneous rocks (Ceret stock) occupy the central part of it. The Pre-Hercynian granite and the sedimentary series were involved, during the Hercynian orogeny, in complex polyphasic tectonics and metamorphism. As a result, an ubiquitous penetrative foliation was developed during the earlier stages. This foliation was subsequently folded into a complex antiformal structural formed by a double dome : Roc de Frausa dome and Mas Blanc dome. Main lithological boundaries (gneiss — metasediments and metasediments — granitoids) are broadly parallel to the regional foliation, and they all display the dome geometry. Interference fold pattern between two late phases, an ealier one with NE-SW trending folds and a younger one with NW-SE trending folds is responsible for the dome geometry. Mylonitic deformation, with W-E to NW-SE orientations has been attributed to the last folding phase. Regional metamorphic climax and contact metamorphism, the last one resulting from Hercynian granitoid emplacement, preceeded the above mentioned late folding event, which developed under retrograde metamorphic conditions. Regional peak metamorphism is recognized by the static crystallization of cordierite + potassium feldspar. This paragenesis indicates pressure — temperature conditions of about 3.1 Kbar and 660 °C maximum. Contact metamorphism overprints the earlier regional metamorphism. Parageneses and thermal gradient of contact metamorphism around La Jonquera pluton are very similar to those related to regional metamorphism, whereas parageneses produced around Ceret stock present garnet + potassium feldspar. Geothermometry indicates metamorphic conditions locally higher for this paragenesis (around 700 °C).     

The radiometric age of the Mount Keith Granodiorite,a maximum age estimate for an Archaen greenstone sequence in the Yilgarn block,Western Australia

The ‘granite’ pluton previously shown by Durney (1972) to be unconformably overlain in the Jones Creek area of Western Australia by a boulder conglomerate and a younger greenstone sequence has a Rb-Sr total rock age of $\text{2689 ± 17}$ Ma. Two boulders analysed from the conglomerate are not distinguished isotopically from the underlying ‘granite’. Biotite ages from the ‘granite’ reflect the final effects of a regional upper greenschist facies metamorphism at approximately $\text{2622 ± 15}$ Ma. Potassium feldspars in the ‘granite’ indicate ages less than 2600 Ma and are presumably related to late stage tectonic adjustments.Thus the isotopic dating shows that the ‘granite’, now formally named the Mount Keith Granodiorite, belongs to the early part of the 2750–2600 Ma Yilgarn age group (Compston and Arriens, 1968) and places an older limit on the age of the upper greenstone sequence. This greenstone was laid down within a period of 70 Ma or less and was followed by metamorphism which had ended by 2622 Ma, the time of closure of the biotite Rb-Sr system.Details of the petrography, particularly the metamorphic textures and paragenesis, indicate that despite their externally massive appearance, all the samples except the pegmatite have been recrystallized to varying degrees. Major-element analyses are given also, to aid in the chemical classification of the Granodiorite and in understanding its petrogenesis.     

Discovery and Geological Significance of Neoproterozoic Metamorphic Granite in Jimo, Shandong Province, Eastern China

During the 1:50000 regional geological survey in Jimo,east Shandong Province,Paleoproterozoic metamorphic supracrustal rocks and Neoproterozoic metamorphic plutonite were newly discovered. These rocks displayed inclusions which had occurred in the Mesozoic granite,and the main lithologies are schist,granulite,marble,and granitic gneiss. Geochemical analyses suggest that Neoproterozoic metamorphic plutonite are characterized by high-K,metaluminous to weakly peraluminous. They are enriched in LILE and depleted in HFSE,with moderately enrichment of LREE,weak fractionation of LREE from HREE and negative Eu anomalies. The surface age of plutonic rocks in the survey area is 770.2±2.4 Ma,representing the age of magma crystallization,which is agreement with the the Neoproterozoic magmatic event after Rodinia supercontinent in the northern margin of Southern China continental block. In addition,the age of sporadic distribution(298 Ma and 269 Ma) is mixed zircon age,representing the rocks experienced metamorphism in Indosinian period. According to the associated mineral assemblages,and the characteristic metamorphic minerals and temperature pressure conditions,four metamorphic facies were identified,including amphibolitic,epidote amphibolite,greenschist,and mid-high pressure greenschist. Analysis of tectonic setting suggests that granitic gneiss is formed in an extensional environment and was involved from the continental margin magmatic arc to intraplate environment. Jimo is distributed in the east of Zhuwu fault,and has the same Spatial distribution location with the Weihai uplift UHP metamorphic belt rocks. The metamorphic rocks in Jimo area have similar geochemical characteristics of elements,tectonic setting and retrograde metamorphism with that in the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt. Therefore,Zhuwu fault may be the boundary fault of Sulu UHP metamorphic belt.     

东疆哈尔里克变质地带变质作用特征及形成构造环境研究

本文通过对哈尔里克变质地带的变质岩石学、变质矿物及矿物包裹关系的研究，确定该变质带的形成曾经历了晚古生代中、晚石炭世的高温－低压型的区域热变质作和晚石炭世末期中温－中压型的断裂区域变质作用，且后者叠加改造了前者。前者温度为922℃～780 ℃，后者可划分出四个递增变质带，温压为450℃～670℃和2.3～4.1kb，这一研究反映丁哈尔里克泥盆纪火山岛弧经过了由拉伸作用到碰撞挤压造山引发的A型俯冲作用演变过程，并产生了上述相应的变质现象。     

阿尔泰阿祖拜地区递增变质带特征及演化

新疆阿尔泰阿祖拜地区发育两种类型区域变质作用,第一种为区域低温动力变质作用,第二种为区域动力热流变质作用.阿祖拜地区递增变质带是后者的典型代表之一,从花岗岩体外接触带依次发育矽线石-堇青带、红柱石-十字石带、黑云母-石榴石带,递增变质作用强度呈逐渐减弱趋势.结合变形变质作用特征和同位素年龄,可识别出3个变形变质阶段.早期阶段以区域低温动力变质作用为主,形成绿片岩相变质岩石组合;峰期阶段为区域动力热流变质作用,形成典型的递增变质带;晚期阶段则属退化变质作用.不同变质作用类型代表了不同大地构造环境,记录了造山带演化历史年和动力学过程.