Accumulation and Reformation of Silurian Reservoir in the Northern Tarim Basin

Silurian sandstone in Tarim Basin has good reservoir properties and active oil and gas shows, especially thick widely-distributed bituminous sandstone. Currently, the Silurian was found containing both bitumen and conventional reservoirs, with petroleum originating from terrestrial and marine source rocks. The diversity of their distribution was the result of "three sources, three stages" accumulation and adjustment processes. "Three sources" refers to two sets of marine rocks in Cambrian and Middle-Upper Ordovician, and a set of terrestrial rock formed in Triassic in the Kuqa depression. "Three stages" represents three stages of accumulation, adjustment and reformation occurring in Late Caledonian, Late Hercynian and Late Himalayan, respectively. The study suggests that the Silurian bitumen is remnants of oil generated from Cambrian and Ordovician source rocks and accumulated in the sandstone reservoir during Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian and Late Hercynian stages, and then damaged by the subsequent two stages of tectonic uplift movements in Early Hercynian and Pre-Triassic. The authors presumed that the primary paleo-reservoirs formed during these two stages might be preserved in the Silurian in the southern deep part of the Tabei area. Except for the Yingmaili area where the Triassic terrestrial oil was from the Kuqa Depression during Late Himalayan Stage, all movable oil reservoirs originated from marine sources. They were secondary accumulations from underlying Ordovician after structure reverse during the Yanshan-Himalayan stage. Oil/gas shows mixed-source characteristics, and was mainly from Middle-Upper Ordovician. The complexity and diversity of the Silurian marine primary properties were just defined by these three stages of oil-gas charging and tectonic movements in the Tabei area.     

Distribution of Palaeozoic tectonic superimposed unconformities in the Tarim Basin,NW China: significance for the evolution of palaeogeomorphology and sedimentary response

Seismic and drilling well data were used to examine the occurrence of multiple stratigraphic unconformities in the Tarim Basin, NW China. The Early Cambrian, the Late Ordovician and the late Middle Devonian unconformities constitute three important tectonic sequence boundaries within the Palaeozoic succession. In the Tazhong, Tabei, Tadong uplifts and the southwestern Tarim palaeo‐uplift, unconformities obviously belong to superimposed unconformities. A superimposed unconformity is formed by superimposition of unconformities of multiple periods. Areas where superimposed unconformities develop are shown as composite belts of multiple tectonic unconformities, and as higher uplift areas of palaeo‐uplifts in palaeogeomorphologic units. The contact relationship of unconformities in the lower uplift areas is indicative of truncation‐overlap. A slope belt is located below the uplift areas, and the main and secondary unconformities are characterized by local onlap reflection on seismic profiles. The regional dynamics controlled the palaeotectonic setting of the Palaeozoic rocks in the Tarim Basin and the origin and evolution of the basin constrained deposition. From the Sinian to the Cambrian, the Tarim landmass and its surrounding areas belonged to an extensional tectonic setting. Since the Late Ordovician, the neighbouring north Kunlun Ocean and Altyn Ocean was transformed from a spreading ocean basin to a closed compressional setting. The maximum compression was attained in the Late Ordovician. The formation of a tectonic palaeogeomorphologic evolution succession from a cratonic margin aulacogen depression to a peripheral foreland basin in the Early Caledonian cycle controlled the deposition of platform, platform margin, and deep‐water basin. Tectonic uplift during the Late Ordovician resulted in a shallower basin which was followed by substantial erosion. Subsequently, a cratonic depression and peripheral or back‐arc foreland basin began their development in the Silurian to Early–Middle Devonian interval. In this period, the Tabei Uplift, the Northern Depression and the southern Tarim palaeo‐uplift showed obvious control on depositional systems, including onshore slope, shelf and deep‐water basin. The southern Tarim Plate was in a continuous continental compressional setting after collision, whereas the southern Tianshan Ocean began to close in the Early Ordovician and was completely closed by the Middle Devonian. At the same time, further compression from peripheral tectonic units in the eastern and southern parts of the Tarim Basin led to the expansion of palaeo‐uplift in the Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous interval, and the connection of the Tabei Uplift and Tadong Uplift, thus controlling onshore, fluvial delta, clastic coast, lagoon‐bay and shallow marine deposition. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层S-Se同位素体系

为了进一步理解华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层的物质来源及形成环境,文中分析了遵义中南村和张家界后坪两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层及其围岩的黄铁矿硫同位素和全岩的硒同位素组成。硫同位素组成显示两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层形成时的环境存在区域性差别,中南村矿层形成于间歇开放的海洋环境,而后坪矿层形成于封闭的缺氧（静海）环境。较大的硫同位素范围暗示硫酸盐还原菌控制硫同位素的分馏,而热液流体可能提供了大量金属元素,从而导致矿层富集大量的硫化物和稀有金属。硒同位素组成指示牛蹄塘组底部热液流体的Se可能重新经历了氧化还原循环,而Se的富集过程可能受有机质和粘土矿物吸附或类质同象过程控制。因此,控制多金属富集的因素主要为富集金属的热液流体的参与和缺氧环境下的自生沉积。     

塔东地区褶皱构造精细分析及油气勘探方向

塔东地区存在四种褶皱构造类型:应变型主要发育于满加尔凹陷中央,劈理型主要发育于满加尔凹陷和英吉苏凹陷的斜坡部位,张裂型主要发育在阿尔金山前的塔南隆起和天山山前的塔北隆起,剪裂型主要发育于阿尔金山脉、天山山脉的山前地带。塔东地区发育有加里东—海西期、印支—燕山期以及喜马拉雅期三期构造中和面的叠加。喜马拉雅期形成的新中和面对之前的古中和面具有改造作用,它是控制油气聚集的重要界面。本区早古生代是剧烈下沉的拗拉槽,晚古生代—三叠纪是急剧抬升的古隆起,本区实际上是在残余古隆起上找油找气。古隆起的上中和面地层大多被严重剥蚀,而所残留的下中和面不是油气聚集有利区。认为有些钻井在背斜下中和面获得残留油气流,预示着相邻的向斜下中和面斜坡区构造-岩性油气藏可能成为本区的有利勘探方向。上震旦统、中—上寒武统、下奥陶统蓬莱坝组中的三套白云岩以及志留系和侏罗系碎屑岩是塔东地区的有利勘探目标。     

Petroleum Migration Direction of the Silurian Paleo-pools in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China

The results obtained in this paper indicate that carbazole-type compounds have high thermal stability and also show stability in oxidation and bio-degradation. This kind of compounds still has a high concentration and complete distribution in the analyzed dry asphalt samples, showing that they are particularly useful in studying petroleum migration of paleo-pool. During the basin＇s first-stage of oil-gas pool formation in the Silurian in Tazhong and Tabei areas of Tarim Basin （at the end of Silurian period） and the second-stage in the Awati area （in Permian）, the petroleum experienced a long-distance migration. During the formation of the Silurian paleo-pools in Tazhong Uplift at the end of Silurian, the petroleum mainly came from the lower and middle Cambrian source rocks in the Manjiaer sag. The petroleum migrated towards the southwest-south entering the Silurian reservoir beds in Tazhong first. Then, it further migrated within Silurian from northwest to southeast along the highs of the Structural Belts to the region of the Silurian pinchout boundary in Tazhong. In Tabei Uplift, during the first-stage of pool formation, the petroleum was also from the lower and middle Cambrian source rocks in the Manjiaer sag. It migrated northwest entering the Silurian reservoir beds in the Tabei Uplift firstly, and then the migration continued in the same direction within the Silurian reservoirs and finally the petroleum was trapped in higher positions. During the second-stage pool formation in the Silurian beds in the areas around Awati sag, the petroleum mainly came from the lower-middle Cambrian source rocks in the Awati sag. The petroleum migrated from the generation center to Silurian reservoirs in all directions around the sag through major paths, and the petroleum was finally trapped in higher locations.     

Tectonics and geodynamics of the western Central Asian Fold Belt (Kazakhstan Paleozoides)

On the basis of stratigraphical and geological data, paleogeographical and palinspastic reconstructions of the Kazakhstan Paleozoides were done; their multistage geodynamic evolution was considered; their tectonic zoning was proposed. The main stages are described: the initiation of the Cambrian and Ordovician island arcs; the development of the Kazakhstan accretionary–collisional composite continent in the Late Ordovician as a result of continental subduction and the amalgamation of Gondwana blocks with the island arcs (a long granitoid collisional belt also formed in this period); the development of the Devonian and Carboniferous–Permian active margins of the composite continent and its tectonic destruction in the Late Paleozoic.In the Late Ordovician, compensated terrigenous and volcanosedimentary complexes formed within Kazakhstania and developed in the Silurian. The Sakmarian, Tagil, Eastern Urals, and Stepnyak volcanic arcs formed at the boundaries with the Ural, Turkestan, and Junggar–Balkhash Oceans. In the late Silurian, Kazakhstania collided with the island arcs of the Turkestan and Ob'–Zaisan Oceans, with the formation of molasse and granite belts in the northern Tien Shan and Chingiz. This was followed by the development of the Devonian and Carboniferous–Permian active margins of the composite continent and the inland formation of the Early Devonian rift-related volcanosedimentary rocks, Middle–Late Devonian volcanic molasse, Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous rift-related volcanosedimentary rocks, terrigenous–carbonate shelf sediments, and carbonaceous lake–bog sediments, and the Middle–Late Carboniferous clastic rocks of closed basins. In the Permian, plume magmatism took place on the southern margin of the Kazakhstan composite continent. It was simultaneous with the formation of red-colored molasse and the tectonic destruction of the Kazakhstan Paleozoides as a result of a collision between the East European and Kazakhstan–Baikal continents.     

黔中隆起性质及其构造演化

"黔中隆起"是雏形于晚寒武世郁南运动的东西向平缓隆起,经历了都匀运动水下隆起向陆上隆起的转化发展阶段。通过对比沉积岩相与古地理研究,黔中隆起水陆转换开始于晚奥陶世涧草沟期,即都匀运动发生的时间,鼎盛时期发育在晚奥陶世五峰期至早志留世龙马溪期。广西运动期间,受到来自南部云开地块与桂滇-北越地块的挤压和南东向华夏地块与扬子板块汇聚、碰撞脉动式收缩的远程效应,出现了以黔中背斜、乌当-二比向斜为代表的东西向构造带和以麻江背斜为代表的南北向构造带共存的现象,之后,"黔中隆起"作为独立意义的构造单元消失,与"江南古陆"相连接进入联合发展时期。东吴运动和峨眉山玄武岩的喷发改变了黔中隆起控制东西走向的沉积古地理格架,变为近南北向,黔中隆起与上扬子地区的构造演化彻底融为一体,标志黔中隆起演化的彻底结束。黔中隆起南缘边界的镇远—贵阳断裂中的钾镁煌斑岩单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为(261.3±8.0)Ma,很好地指示了黔中隆起作为独立单元发展的最后年限。     

The Berridale Wrench fault: A major structure in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales

One of the most significant, but poorly understood, tectonic events in the east Lachlan Fold Belt is that which caused the shift from mafic, mantle‐derived calc‐alkaline/shoshonitic volcanism in the Late Ordovician to silicic (S‐type) plutonism and volcanism in the late Early Silurian. We suggest that this chemical/isotopic shift required major changes in crustal architecture, but not tectonic setting, and simply involved ongoing subduction‐related magmatism following burial of the pre‐existing, active intraoceanic arc by overthrusting Ordovician sediments during Late Ordovician — Early Silurian (pre‐Benambran) deformation, associated with regional northeast‐southwest shortening. A review of ‘type’ Benambran deformation from the type area (central Lachlan Fold Belt) shows that it is constrained to a north‐northwest‐trending belt at ca 430 Ma (late Early Silurian), associated with high‐grade metamorphism and S‐type granite generation. Similar features were associated with ca 430 Ma deformation in east Lachlan Fold Belt, highlighted by the Cooma Complex, and formed within a separate north‐trending belt that included the S‐type Kosciuszko, Murrumbidgee, Young and Wyangala Batholiths. As Ordovician turbidites were partially melted at ca 430 Ma, they must have been buried already to ～20 km before the ‘type’ Benambran deformation. We suggest that this burial occurred during earlier northeast‐southwest shortening associated with regional oblique folds and thrusts, loosely referred to previously as latitudinal or east‐west structures. This event also caused the earliest Silurian uplift in the central Lachlan Fold Belt (Benambran highlands), which pre‐dated the ‘type’ Benambran deformation and is constrained as latest Ordovician — earliest Silurian (ca 450–440 Ma) in age. The south‐ to southwest‐verging, earliest Silurian folds and thrusts in the Tabberabbera Zone are considered to be associated with these early oblique structures, although similar deformation in that zone probably continued into the Devonian. We term these ‘pre’‐ and ‘type’‐Benambran events as ‘early’ and ‘late’ for historical reasons, although we do not consider that they are necessarily related. Heat‐flow modelling suggests that burial of ‘average’ Ordovician turbidites during early Benambran deformation at 450–440 Ma, to form a 30 km‐thick crustal pile, cannot provide sufficient heat to induce mid‐crustal melting at ca 430 Ma by internal heat generation alone. An external, mantle heat source is required, best illustrated by the mafic ca 430 Ma, Micalong Swamp Igneous Complex in the S‐type Young Batholith. Modern heat‐flow constraints also indicate that the lower crust cannot be felsic and, along with petrological evidence, appears to preclude older continental ‘basement terranes’ as sources for the S‐type granites. Restriction of the S‐type batholiths into two discrete, oblique, linear belts in the central and east Lachlan Fold Belt supports a model of separate magmatic arc/subduction zone complexes, consistent with the existence of adjacent, structurally imbricated turbidite zones with opposite tectonic vergence, inferred by other workers to be independent accretionary prisms. Arc magmas associated with this ‘double convergent’ subduction system in the east Lachlan Fold Belt were heavily contaminated by Ordovician sediment, recently buried during the early Benambran deformation, causing the shift from mafic to silicic (S‐type) magmatism. In contrast, the central Lachlan Fold Belt magmatic arc, represented by the Wagga‐Omeo Zone, only began in the Early Silurian in response to subduction associated with the early Benambran northeast‐southwest shortening. The model requires that the S‐type and subsequent I‐type (Late Silurian — Devonian) granites of the Lachlan Fold Belt were associated with ongoing, subduction‐related tectonic activity.     

从波动观点看塔北地区油气藏的形成演化：以英买7油藏为例

本文运用沉积波动过程分析方法,在综合分析野外露头、岩心、录井、测井、地震等资料的基础上,建立了塔北地区不同小区的岩性－时间剖面。研究表明,７４０￣７６０Ｍａ、２００￣２４０Ｍａ、１００￣１１０Ｍａ、６０￣７０Ｍａ、３０Ｍａ是控制塔北地区构造演化的主要周期。早古生代、三叠纪和第三纪以来是３次主要的沉积高峰,志留纪末－晚泥盆世早期为主要肃蚀期,肃蚀量一般〉１０００ｍ,北部〉１５００￣２０００ｍ,海西期     

塔里木盆地巴楚凸起H气田奥陶系裂缝 主控因素及演化序列研究

塔里木盆地巴楚凸起H气田奥陶系储层是低孔低渗裂缝型碳酸盐岩储层,裂缝系统作为储层渗流通道,其空间分布和主要控制因素复杂,具有多期次叠加和演化的特征。文章采用岩心描述、镜下观察、成像解释等手段分析H气田奥陶系碳酸盐岩裂缝发育特征,明确裂缝主要控制因素,建立了裂缝演化序列。结果表明:巴楚凸起H气田奥陶系以剪切缝为主,张性缝次之,张剪缝最少,裂缝发育的主要控制因素为断层、褶皱及岩性等,与断层相关的裂缝主要发育在距断层460 m的范围内;地层变形程度越强,裂缝越发育;裂缝发育程度还受岩性的控制,灰岩的粒径或晶粒越大,构造裂缝越发育。根据已有碳氧同位素测试研究成果,并结合岩心观察发现:H气田奥陶系构造裂缝至少经历了三期演化活动,分别为加里东运动中期少量低角度北东东向和北北西向剪切缝发育期,海西运动晚期中-高角度北西西向张性缝和北东东向、北西向张剪缝以及南北向、北东向中-高角度剪切缝发育期,喜马拉雅运动早期大量高角度北东东向、北北东向剪切缝发育期,主要造缝期为喜马拉雅运动早期。      

新疆西昆仑早古生代侵入岩地球化学特征及地质意义

南华纪-早古生代是昆仑山地区洋-陆转换阶段,区域上沿柯岗-库地-其曼于特-带扩张形成古昆仑洋盆。大规模的俯冲消减发生在奥陶纪（481～440Ma,俯冲型侵入岩发育）,志留纪的造山作用结束了洋的演化历程。通过对西昆仑阿喀孜一带侵入岩岩石地球化学特征、LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb定年的研究,重塑了本区构造演化过程,将该区早古生代侵入岩细分为晚寒武世壳幔混源序列、晚奥陶世壳幔混源序列和晚志留世壳幔混源序列,从晚寒武世～晚志留世侵入岩显示以下特征：岩石铝饱和指数（A／CNK）值介于（O．86～1．23）,具有由偏基性向偏酸性演化趋势;球粒标准化REE配分曲线成近平行曲线簇,稀土总量∑REE（228．96—379．39）显著增高,而OEu（0．79→0．16）降低,表明岩浆分异增大,Eu负异常明显加深,地壳成熟度提高;微量元素显示出富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）,亏损高场强元素（HFSE）。结合侵人岩形成的大地构造环境,该期早古生代侵入岩形成于西昆仑地块北缘古昆仑洋盆的俯冲-消减-闭合,塔里木陆块与西昆仑地块陆一陆碰撞造山阶段,为研究该区古昆仑洋消减一消亡构造演化提供了最新的地质资料。     

塔里木盆地塔中及周边地区下古生界构造样式与成因演化

文通过研究区深层主要变形带构造变形解析,确认塔东南下古生界构造基本轮廓形成于中奥陶世末,定型于奥陶纪末—志留纪,北部和西部分别有喜山期和海西晚期构造的叠加。以塔中Ⅰ构造带—塔中5-38井构造带、塘北—玉北构造带、塔中南缘构造带为界,研究区可分为4个构造样式不同的构造单元。单元边界的构造变形相对剧烈,以逆冲—走滑断裂带为主,单元内部构造变形相对较弱。自东南向盆地内部,构造变形由强变弱。东南边缘塘沽巴斯凹陷以弧形向西北展布的基底滑脱型逆冲构造为特征,变形最为剧烈。晚奥陶世以凹陷为主,奥陶纪末期志留纪褶皱隆起。北侧为塔中隆起,是一个断裂—褶皱复背斜,主体发育于中奥陶世晚期,缺失中奥陶统,且控制了上奥陶统良里塔格组沉积时期孤立台地沉积,于奥陶纪末—志留纪定型。构造带以基底卷入扭动挤压断裂—褶皱变形为主,总体受控于北缘断层,自西向东逆冲幅度增大,西部为南北对称复背斜,东部形成向北逆冲的构造带。塔中隆起西段自北向南由逆冲挤压向压扭性走滑构造转变。西部巴楚东段及塔西南东部以区域性的隆升为主,与塔中隆起相似,大面积缺失中奥陶统地层。北部顺托地区则以走滑断裂发育为主,断裂主要活动期为奥陶纪末—志留纪和海西晚期。构造变形组合显示,塔东南下古生界构造变形动力主要来自盆地东南部,是东昆仑与阿尔金洋渐进闭合、俯冲碰撞过程导致塔里木板块变形的产物。变形时序及研究区NE向断裂运动规律表明板块作用自中加里东至晚加里东持续压扭的过程。塔东南地区各单元构造样式与强度差异表明盆地盖层变形明显受到基底断块与内部寒武系膏泥岩分布的制约。其次,断裂的多期活动体现了后期构造的叠合改造的作用,顺托地区NE向断裂可能与海西晚期构造运动的延展有关。     

西天山造山带区域构造演化及其大陆动力学解析

西天山位于哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块与塔里木-华北板块两大板块之间,在漫长的构造演化过程中历经前震旦纪基底形成演化阶段（D1）、震旦纪至早奥陶世稳定陆壳发展阶段（D2）、中奥陶世至石炭纪末板块裂解与再拼合阶段（D3）、二叠纪陆陆叠覆造山阶段（D4）和中新生代盆山耦合阶段（D5）等5个大的发展阶段,其古生代时期中奥陶世至石炭纪末板块裂解与再拼合阶段（D3）又可细化为4个次级演化阶段：中奥陶世至晚志留世早古南天山洋盆形成阶段（D31）、晚志留世至晚泥盆世俯冲造山阶段（D32）、晚泥盆世至早石炭世初陆陆碰撞造山阶段（D33）和早石炭世至晚石炭世后碰撞阶段（D34）。西天山造山带自中新元古代以来历经俯冲造山、陆陆碰撞造山、陆陆叠覆造山和陆内再生造山等多机制多旋回的造山作用,终成为横亘于中亚地区的宏伟的复合型造山带。     

塔里木盆地塔中隆起构造演化与油气关系

笔者结合塔里木盆地形成的构造背景对塔中隆起的主要构造演化过程进行了研究，并具体分析了各构造演化阶段与志留系油气的关系。研究表明，塔中隆起源于早古生代拉张背景下的正断层，寒武-奥陶纪为其烃源岩形成的重要时期；早奥陶世末-晚奥陶世末的构造反转是塔中隆起的主要形成期，同时也为志留系的形成及复合圈闭提供了古地理背景；泥盆纪末塔中鼻状隆起基本定型，古油藏遭受破坏，形成了沥青砂岩；早二叠世晚期的构造变形使古油藏遭受进一步的破坏；二叠纪后构造变动主要以调节为主。伴随整个构造的演化，志留系的油气聚集也是分期次、不同规模的进行。     

中国海相油气田勘探实例之十二 塔里木盆地轮南奥陶系油气田的勘探与发现

轮南奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩油气田位于塔北隆起轮南低凸起中部,是中国第一个海相碳酸盐岩特大型油气田。油气田发现于1988年,至2008年底控制+探明油气地质储量为18.78×108t。塔里木盆地长期构造沉积演化形成了轮南奥陶系碳酸盐岩大型古潜山及内幕背斜,潜山背斜具有古隆起控油,岩溶斜坡油气富集及准层状油气藏等特征。油气田区域性盖层为中—上奥陶统、下石炭统、上三叠统泥岩,主力烃源岩为寒武系—下奥陶统与中—上奥陶统碳酸盐岩及泥灰岩,主要目的层为奥陶系石灰岩顶面之下200m范围内的潜山岩溶缝洞型储集体与内幕层间岩溶缝洞型储集体。通过缝洞系统预测评价、酸压储层改造、稠油掺稀开采等技术攻关,勘探开发一体化管理,创新了复杂碳酸盐岩勘探开发理论与配套技术,实现了轮南奥陶系油气产量储量的快速增长。论述油气田勘探与发现的历程,剖析了取得勘探突破的实践与认识。     

Fluorite Deposits at Voznesenka in the Khanka Massif, Russia: Geology and Age of Mineralization

Abstract. A huge fluorite deposit at Voznesenka in the Khanka massif, Far East Russia is concluded to have formed at ca. 450 Ma in Late Ordovician time based on the K‐Ar ages for Li‐micas in the fluorite ore and greisenized leucogranite within the deposit. This conclusion is inconsistent with the current view of Devonian mineralization that stemmed from widely scattered whole‐rock Rb‐Sr isotope data for the heterogeneous leucogranite stocks influenced by strong alteration. The Voznesenka and neighboring fluorite deposits may have formed in Cambrian limestone in relation to the intrusion of the Li‐F‐rich felsic magma which has a similar chemistry to representative Li‐F‐rich felsic rocks including topaz granite and ongonite or topaz rhyolite; these rocks may be classified as a specific group of highly fractionated felsic magmas. Biotite granite plutons exposed in the Voznesenka district are divided in age into two groups based on the CHIME age data for zircon, monazite and xenotime: Ordovician and Permian. The Ordovician plutons seem to be coeval to the fluorite deposits and are characterized by F‐rich chemistry, reduced nature and association of tin mineralization with the deposition of fluorite and tourmaline. The biotite granite magmas of initially enhanced F contents could have been highly fractionated to form Li‐F‐rich leucogranite cupolas that provided fluorite deposits within the host limestone. Future prospecting for similar fluorite deposits is to be focused on areas of intersection between Ordovician Li‐F‐rich granite and Cambrian carbonate sequences. The Permian granite of southeastern margin of the Grodekovo batholith is characterized by lesser F content, oxidized nature and the lack of tin and fluorite mineralization in contrast to the Ordovician granite. The result of Permian age does not support the current view of Silurian age for the batholith and requires overall chronological reinvestigation in connection with the tectonic history of the Khanka massif because the Grodekovo is a representative of Paleozoic batholiths in Primorie.     

敏感性分析在烃源岩成熟度史模拟中的应用——以川东北地区普光5井古生界海相烃源岩为例

通过分析输人模型的参数对输出结果的影响,可以确定影响烃源岩成熟度史模拟的敏感性参数.本文应用Easy% Ro化学动力学模型,以普光5井为例,对川东北地区各期构造运动剥蚀厚度、古地表温度和古地温梯度进行了相关的敏感性分析.分析结果表明:研究区下寒武统、下志留统、下二叠统和上二叠统烃源岩现今成熟度状态完全受控于燕山运动晚幕...     

塔里木盆地奥陶系萤石脉—油气叠合成藏作用——高分辨率成像测井资料提供的证据

根据高分辨率电阻率成像测井解释,结 合岩心观察及薄片资料,探讨了塔里木盆 地塔中X井下奥陶统灰岩段内罕见的萤石脉—油气叠合成藏现象。萤石脉侵位于二叠纪塔里 木盆地中西部区域性火山活动时期,由上侵至地层浅部的低温岩浆热液沿断层、裂隙发育带 充填而成。萤石脉及其附近灰岩围岩中溶洞的形成为后期油气聚集提供了良好的储集条件, 它与充足的油气来源及上覆巨厚中、上奥陶统泥质岩有利的封盖条件配合,促成了油气在萤 石脉基础上的叠合成藏。该油气藏的发现为塔里木盆地油气勘探开辟了一个新领域,并丰富 了传统的油气成藏理论。     

兴蒙造山带东段火成岩构造组合、构造岩浆阶段及大地构造演化

以火成岩构造组合的概念和方法为指导,以近几年在嘉荫、伊春、鹤岗、鸡西、牡丹江等地区开展的1∶5万、1∶25万区调研究为基础,基于侵入岩锆石U-Pb年龄,建立了研究区古生代构造岩浆阶段划分的初步方案.划分出与洋壳俯冲事件有关的火成岩构造组合5期,分别为加里东期早寒武世、早中奥陶世、中志留世,华力西期晚石炭世和晚二叠世.与...     

Quick Evaluation of Present-Day Low-Total Organic Carbon Carbonate Source Rocks from Rock-Eval Data: Middle–Upper Ordovician in the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

Previous studies have postulated the contribution of present-day low-total organic carbon(TOC) marine carbonate source rocks to oil accumulations in the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin, China. However, not all present-day low-TOC carbonates have generated and expelled hydrocarbons; therefore, to distinguish the source rocks that have already expelled sufficient hydrocarbons from those not expelled hydrocarbons, is crucial in source rock evaluation and resource assessment in the Tabei Uplift. Mass balance can be used to identify modern low-TOC carbonates resulting from hydrocarbon expulsion. However, the process is quite complicated, requiring many parameters and coefficients and thus also a massive data source. In this paper, we provide a quick and cost effective method for identifying carbonate source rock with present-day low TOC, using widely available Rock-Eval data. First, we identify present-day low-TOC carbonate source rocks in typical wells according to the mass balance approach. Second, we build an optimal model to evaluate source rocks from the analysis of the rocks' characteristics and their influencing factors, reported as positive or negative values of a dimensionless index of Rock-Eval data(IR). Positive IR corresponds to those samples which have expelled hydrocarbons. The optimal model optimizes complicated calculations and simulation processes; thus it could be widely applicable and competitive in the evaluation of present-day low TOC carbonates. By applying the model to the Rock-Eval dataset of the Tabei Uplift, we identify present-day low-TOC carbonate source rocks and primarily evaluate the contribution equivalent of 11.87×10~9 t oil.